Grammar parses for passage 2.19.8
Open translation for this passage
τάφοι δέ εἰσιν ὁ μὲν Λίνου τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Ψαμάθης τῆς Κροτώπου, τὸν δὲ λέγουσιν εἶναι Λίνου τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὰ ἔπη.
Two coordinated predicative clauses identify tombs: the first has Λίνου governed by ὁ μέν, while the second has an accusative subject τὸν with infinitival εἶναι and an implied/elliptical tomb referent; Λίνου is a genitive predicate/complement. The relative-like participle ποιήσαντος modifies Λίνου and takes τὰ ἔπη as object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τάφοι | τάφος | NOUN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 εἰσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3PPIAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Λίνου | det | high | Article substantivizes/marks the first member of the μέν/δέ contrast. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 εἰσιν | discourse | high | |
| 6 | Λίνου | Λῖνος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἰσιν | nmod | medium | Genitive identifying the first tomb; construction is elliptic after εἰσιν. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀπόλλωνος | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Λίνου | nmod | high | Dependent on Λίνου in the genealogy/identification phrase. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Ψαμάθης | cc | high | |
| 10 | Ψαμάθης | Ψαμάθη | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Λίνου | conj | high | |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Κροτώπου | det | high | |
| 12 | Κροτώπου | Κρότωπος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ψαμάθης | nmod | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἰσιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | PRON | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 λέγουσιν | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι under λέγουσιν; refers elliptically to a tomb/person understood from context. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 16 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3PPAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 εἰσιν | conj | high | |
| 17 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 18 | Λίνου | Λῖνος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | nmod | high | Genitive predicate/identification complement of εἶναι. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ποιήσαντος | det | high | |
| 20 | ποιήσαντος | ποιέω | VERB | V--AAPMSG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 Λίνου | acl | high | Genitive aorist participle agreeing with Λίνου. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 ἔπη | det | high | |
| 22 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ποιήσαντος | obj | high | |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἰσιν | punct | high |
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἐς τοῦτον οἰκειότερα ὄντα ἑτέρῳ λόγῳ παρίημι τῷδε, τὰ δὲ ἐς τὸν Ψαμάθης ἡ Μεγαρική μοι συγγραφὴ προεδήλωσεν.
The sentence contrasts substantivized neuter plural material: the material concerning him is passed over, while the material concerning Psamathe was previously indicated by the Megarian narrative. The attachment of τῷδε is somewhat ambiguous; it is treated as a dative associated with λόγῳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Pd---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 οἰκειότερα | det | high | Article with substantivized participial phrase. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 10 παρίημι | discourse | high | Correlative μέν anticipating δέ. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | D-------- | _ | 10 παρίημι | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 τοῦτον | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦτον. |
| 5 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | Pd---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 οἰκειότερα | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 6 | οἰκειότερα | οἰκεῖος | ADJ | A-----na- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ὄντα | xcomp | medium | Comparative adjective, substantivized and predicative with ὄντα. |
| 7 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | VPPAN---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 παρίημι | ccomp | medium | Circumstantial/predicative participle governing the neuter plural phrase. |
| 8 | ἑτέρῳ | ἕτερος | ADJ | A--DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 λόγῳ | amod | high | Modifies λόγῳ. |
| 9 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N--DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παρίημι | obl | high | Dative of means or manner with παρίημι. |
| 10 | παρίημι | παρίημι | VERB | V1SPIA---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first coordinated clause. |
| 11 | τῷδε | ὅδε | PRON | Pd---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 λόγῳ | obl | medium | Dative demonstrative, likely referring to the present account or section; syntactically associated with λόγῳ. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρίημι | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Pd---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 προεδήλωσεν | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural object, with implied content. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 προεδήλωσεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first μέν clause. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ψαμάθης | case | high | Preposition governing τὸν Ψαμάθης. |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ψαμάθης | det | high | Article with the name phrase. |
| 17 | Ψαμάθης | Ψαμάθης | PROPN | Ne----ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 προεδήλωσεν | obl | medium | Proper name after ἐς; form is invariant-looking and case assignment is syntactic. |
| 18 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Μεγαρική | det | high | Article with Μεγαρική συγγραφή. |
| 19 | Μεγαρική | Μεγαρικός | ADJ | A--Sfn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 συγγραφὴ | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying συγγραφή. |
| 20 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1-sd--- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 22 προεδήλωσεν | iobj | high | Dative of the experiencer or recipient with προεδήλωσεν. |
| 21 | συγγραφὴ | συγγραφή | NOUN | N--Sfn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 προεδήλωσεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προεδήλωσεν. |
| 22 | προεδήλωσεν | προδηλόω | VERB | V3SAAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 παρίημι | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb; δέ marks the coordination. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρίημι | punct | high |
ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐστὶν Ἀπόλλων Ἀγυιεὺς καὶ βωμὸς Ὑετίου Διός, ἔνθα οἱ συσπεύδοντες Πολυνείκει τὴν ἐς Θήβας κάθοδον ἀποθανεῖσθαι συνώμοσαν, ἢν μὴ τὰς Θήβας γένηταί σφισιν ἑλεῖν.
The relative adverb ἔνθα introduces a clause with οἱ συσπεύδοντες as subject and Πολυνείκει as dative complement; συνώμοσαν governs the infinitive ἀποθανεῖσθαι and the subsequent conditional ἢν μὴ clause, whose infinitive ἑλεῖν is controlled by an impersonal γένηται construction. The exact force of γένηταί σφισιν ἑλεῖν is somewhat compressed/elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 2 τούτοις | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | D-Dat pl m | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί. |
| 3 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | Ἀπόλλων | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-Nom S m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | First nominative predicate/subject-like item. |
| 5 | Ἀγυιεὺς | Ἀγυιεύς | PROPN | N-Nom S m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀπόλλων | appos | high | Cult epithet in apposition. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 7 βωμὸς | cc | high | |
| 7 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-Nom S m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Coordinated with Ἀπόλλων. |
| 8 | Ὑετίου | Ὑέτιος | ADJ | A-Gen S m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Διός | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Διός. |
| 9 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-Gen S m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βωμὸς | nmod | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D | PronType=Rel | 20 συνώμοσαν | advmod | medium | Relative adverb introducing the following clause. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-Nom pl m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 συσπεύδοντες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 13 | συσπεύδοντες | συσπεύδω | VERB | V-PAP-Nom pl m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 συνώμοσαν | nsubj | high | Substantivized present participle. |
| 14 | Πολυνείκει | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N-Dat S m | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 συσπεύδοντες | iobj | medium | Dative complement of συσπεύδοντες, likely ‘helping Polynices’. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc S f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 κάθοδον | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 17 Θήβας | case | high | |
| 17 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-Acc pl f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 κάθοδον | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 18 | κάθοδον | κάθοδος | NOUN | N-Acc S f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποθανεῖσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object phrase with the infinitive. |
| 19 | ἀποθανεῖσθαι | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AMN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 20 συνώμοσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by συνώμοσαν; κάθοδον is its accusative subject-like complement. |
| 20 | συνώμοσαν | συνόμνυμι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main predicate of the relative clause; ἔνθα is attached here. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 συνώμοσαν | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | C | PronType=Int | 26 γένηταί | mark | high | Conditional conjunction with subjunctive. |
| 23 | μὴ | μή | PART | Q | Polarity=Neg | 26 γένηταί | advmod | high | Negates the conditional predicate. |
| 24 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-Acc pl f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 Θήβας | det | high | |
| 25 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-Acc pl f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 28 ἑλεῖν | obj | medium | Object of ἑλεῖν. |
| 26 | γένηταί | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 20 συνώμοσαν | advcl | medium | Conditional protasis; impersonal/elliptical construction with infinitive. |
| 27 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-Dat pl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 26 γένηταί | iobj | medium | Dative of advantage/experiencer with γένηται. |
| 28 | ἑλεῖν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 26 γένηταί | xcomp | medium | Aorist infinitive dependent on the compressed γένηται construction. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 συνώμοσαν | punct | high |
ἐς δὲ τοῦ Προμηθέως τὸ μνῆμα ἧσσόν μοι δοκοῦσιν Ὀπουντίων εἰκότα λέγειν, λέγουσι δὲ ὅμως.
The first clause has an implicit infinitival complement of δοκοῦσιν: the Opuntians seem less likely to speak what is fitting/congruent concerning Prometheus’ tomb; εἰκότα is a neuter plural accusative substantive/adjectival complement of λέγειν. The second λέγουσιν is coordinated and elliptical in its object/content.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 6 μνῆμα | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 δοκοῦσιν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T- GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Προμηθέως | det | high | |
| 4 | Προμηθέως | Προμηθεύς | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Proper name in the genitive. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 μνῆμα | det | high | |
| 6 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 δοκοῦσιν | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς. |
| 7 | ἧσσόν | ἧσσον | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 εἰκότα | advmod | medium | Comparative adverb modifying εἰκότα. |
| 8 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DMS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 9 δοκοῦσιν | iobj | high | Ethical/dative experiencer with δοκοῦσιν. |
| 9 | δοκοῦσιν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | Ὀπουντίων | Ὀποῦς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 δοκοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of δοκοῦσιν/λέγειν construction. |
| 11 | εἰκότα | εἰκός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 λέγειν | obj | medium | Neuter plural substantive/adjectival object of λέγειν; semantically ‘fitting/congruent things’. |
| 12 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 δοκοῦσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of δοκοῦσιν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 δοκοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 δοκοῦσιν | conj | high | Coordinated with δοκοῦσιν; object/content is elliptical. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 λέγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 16 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 λέγουσι | advmod | high | ‘Nevertheless/all the same’. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 δοκοῦσιν | punct | high |