Grammar parses for passage 2.20.1
Open translation for this passage
ποιηθῆναι δὲ ἐπυνθανόμην αὐτὸ ἐπʼ αἰτίᾳ τοιαύτῃ.
Infinitive ποιηθῆναι is the complement of ἐπυνθανόμην; αὐτό is its accusative subject, and ἐπʼ αἰτίᾳ τοιαύτῃ is a causal prepositional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ποιηθῆναι | ποιέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 3 ἐπυνθανόμην | csubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἐπυνθανόμην | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπυνθανόμην | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-IMI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 ποιηθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 αἰτίᾳ | case | high | Elided form before vowel-initial αἰτίᾳ. |
| 6 | αἰτίᾳ | αἰτία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπυνθανόμην | obl | high | Causal dative governed by ἐπί. |
| 7 | τοιαύτῃ | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 αἰτίᾳ | amod | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπυνθανόμην | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμονίοις πολεμεῖν πρὸς Ἀργείους ἀρξαμένοις οὐδεμία ἦν ἔτι ἀπαλλαγή, πρὶν ἢ Φίλιππος σφᾶς ἠνάγκασεν ὁ Ἀμύντου μένειν ἐπὶ τοῖς καθεστηκόσιν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὅροις τῆς χώρας.
The sentence has a dative participial construction (Λακεδαιμονίοις ... ἀρξαμένοις), followed by a πρὶν ἤ temporal clause; ὁ Ἀμύντου is a patronymic apposition to Φίλιππος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 πολεμεῖν | iobj | high | |
| 2 | πολεμεῖν | πολεμέω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἀρξαμένοις | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἀρξαμένοις. |
| 3 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 4 Ἀργείους | case | high | |
| 4 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 πολεμεῖν | obl | high | |
| 5 | ἀρξαμένοις | ἄρχομαι | VERB | V-ADPMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 ἦν | advcl | high | Dative absolute-like participial construction, agreeing with Λακεδαιμονίοις. |
| 6 | οὐδεμία | οὐδείς | PRON | A--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀπαλλαγή | det | high | |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 9 ἀπαλλαγή | cop | high | |
| 8 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 7 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἀπαλλαγή | ἀπαλλαγή | NOUN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominal of ἦν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀπαλλαγή | punct | high | |
| 11 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | C | _ | 15 ἠνάγκασεν | mark | high | |
| 12 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Part of the complex temporal conjunction πρὶν ἤ. |
| 13 | Φίλιππος | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἠνάγκασεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 15 ἠνάγκασεν | obj | high | |
| 15 | ἠνάγκασεν | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἀπαλλαγή | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate clause introduced by πρὶν ἤ. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ἀμύντου | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἀμύντου | Ἀμύντας | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Φίλιππος | appos | high | Patronymic apposition: Philip son of Amyntas. |
| 18 | μένειν | μένω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἠνάγκασεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἠνάγκασεν. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 24 ὅροις | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L--DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 καθεστηκόσιν | det | high | |
| 21 | καθεστηκόσιν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAPNPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ὅροις | amod | high | Substantivized perfect participle, ‘the established [things/conditions]’. |
| 22 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 23 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 23 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 καθεστηκόσιν | obl | high | Temporal/source adjunct modifying καθεστηκόσιν. |
| 24 | ὅροις | ὅρος | NOUN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 μένειν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί with μένειν. |
| 25 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 χώρας | det | high | |
| 26 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ὅροις | nmod | high | |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀπαλλαγή | punct | high |