Grammar parses for passage 2.20.2
Open translation for this passage
ἡγεμὼν δὲ ἐτέτακτο ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς Βρύας Ἀργεῖος, ὃς ἄλλα τε ἐς ἄνδρας ὕβρισε τοῦ δήμου καὶ παρθένον κομιζομένην παρὰ τὸν νυμφίον ᾔσχυνεν ἀφελόμενος τοὺς ἄγοντας.
Main clause with participial relative clause; ἡγεμών is the subject of ἐτέτακτο, and ὃς introduces a relative clause with coordinated finite verbs ὕβρισε and ᾔσχυνεν plus a participial modifier ἀφελόμενος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡγεμὼν | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐτέτακτο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐτέτακτο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 ἐτέτακτο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐτέτακτο | τάσσω | VERB | V-IXMII3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 3 ἐτέτακτο | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 5 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ἐτέτακτο | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 6 | Βρύας | Βρύας | PROPN | N-P---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἡγεμὼν | appos | high | Apposition to ἡγεμών. |
| 7 | Ἀργεῖος | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A---S--NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Βρύας | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Βρύας. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 Βρύας | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 14 ὕβρισε | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun subject of ὕβρισε. |
| 10 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ὕβρισε | obj | medium | Likely adverbial accusative 'in other ways/things' with ὕβρισε. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἄλλα | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 ἄνδρας | case | high | Preposition. |
| 13 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὕβρισε | obl | high | Complement of ἐς. |
| 14 | ὕβρισε | ὑβρίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb in relative clause. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 δήμου | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ὕβρισε | obl | high | Genitive dependent of ὕβρισε. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | cc | high | Coordinates another finite verb. |
| 18 | παρθένον | παρθένος | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | obj | high | Direct object of ᾔσχυνεν. |
| 19 | κομιζομένην | κομίζω | VERB | V-PPM/P-FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 18 παρθένον | acl | high | Participial modifier of παρθένον. |
| 20 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 νυμφίον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 νυμφίον | det | high | Article. |
| 22 | νυμφίον | νυμφίος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | obl | high | Complement of παρά. |
| 23 | ᾔσχυνεν | αἰσχύνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ὃς | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb in the relative clause. |
| 24 | ἀφελόμενος | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-AMP-SNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 23 ᾔσχυνεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ᾔσχυνεν. |
| 25 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 ἄγοντας | det | high | Article. |
| 26 | ἄγοντας | ἄγω | VERB | V-PPA-AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἀφελόμενος | obj | high | Object of ἀφελόμενος. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐτέτακτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
φωραθεῖσα δὲ ὡς ἐπέσχεν ἡμέρα, κατέφυγεν ἱκέτις ἐς τὸν δῆμον.
The initial participial phrase φωραθεῖσα δὲ is best taken as a circumstantial clause, with ὡς ἐπέσχεν ἡμέρα forming a temporal subordinate clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φωραθεῖσα | φωράω | VERB | V-APP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 κατέφυγεν | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, nominative feminine singular, adverbial/temporal participle modifying the main clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 7 κατέφυγεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐπέσχεν | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing the temporal clause. |
| 4 | ἐπέσχεν | ἐπέχω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 κατέφυγεν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the subordinate temporal clause. |
| 5 | ἡμέρα | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπέσχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπέσχεν. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 κατέφυγεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | κατέφυγεν | καταφεύγω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 8 | ἱκέτις | ἱκέτις | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κατέφυγεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέφυγεν. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 δῆμον | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 δῆμον | det | high | Definite article modifying δῆμον. |
| 11 | δῆμον | δῆμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κατέφυγεν | obl | high | Oblique complement of the verb with preposition ἐς. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 κατέφυγεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
οὐ προεμένων δὲ αὐτὴν τιμωρήσασθαι τοῖς χιλίοις καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου προαχθέντων ἐς μάχην ἀμφοτέρων,
The syntax is elliptical and participial: τιμωρήσασθαι is the main infinitive, modified by one or more genitive-absolute participial phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 5 τιμωρήσασθαι | advmod | high | Negates the infinitive τιμωρήσασθαι. |
| 2 | προεμένων | προίημι | VERB | PAP-MPG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 προαχθέντων | advcl | medium | Genitive participle; syntax suggests a genitive absolute, though form is somewhat uncertain. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 προαχθέντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 τιμωρήσασθαι | obj | high | Direct object of τιμωρήσασθαι. |
| 5 | τιμωρήσασθαι | τιμωρέω | VERB | AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitive of the clause. |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-PM---D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 χιλίοις | det | high | Article with χιλίοις. |
| 7 | χιλίοις | χίλιοι | NUM | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τιμωρήσασθαι | iobj | medium | Dative of disadvantage/association; exact relation uncertain. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 προαχθέντων | cc | high | Coordinates with another participial phrase. |
| 9 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 10 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing τούτου. |
| 10 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-S---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 11 προαχθέντων | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 11 | προαχθέντων | προάγω | VERB | AAP-MPG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 τιμωρήσασθαι | advcl | medium | Likely genitive absolute with ἀμφοτέρων. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 13 μάχην | case | high | Preposition governing μάχην. |
| 13 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προαχθέντων | obl | high | Prepositional complement of προαχθέντων. |
| 14 | ἀμφοτέρων | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 προαχθέντων | nsubj | medium | Likely genitive absolute subject; gender could be common/mixed. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 τιμωρήσασθαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
κρατοῦσιν οἱ τοῦ δήμου, κρατήσαντες δὲ οὐδένα ὑπὸ τοῦ θυμοῦ τῶν ἐναντίων ἔλιπον.
The syntax is paratactic: a main present verb followed by a second aorist clause with participial framing; ἐναντίων is likely genitively dependent on θυμοῦ, but the exact idiomatic force is slightly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κρατοῦσιν | κρατέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 δήμου | det | high | Article with implied/elliptic noun phrase. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 δήμου | det | high | Article modifying δήμου. |
| 4 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 οἱ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of οἱ; taken as partitive/attributive phrase 'those of the people'. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κρατοῦσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | κρατήσαντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἔλιπον | advcl | high | Aorist participle, circumstantial and coordinate in sense with the main clause. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἔλιπον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 8 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 14 ἔλιπον | obj | high | Direct object of ἔλιπον. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 11 θυμοῦ | case | high | Introduces genitive phrase. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 θυμοῦ | det | high | Article modifying θυμοῦ. |
| 11 | θυμοῦ | θυμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἔλιπον | obl | high | Genitive object of ὑπό. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 ἐναντίων | det | high | Article modifying ἐναντίων. |
| 13 | ἐναντίων | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 θυμοῦ | nmod | medium | Likely genitive modifier of θυμοῦ; phrase is somewhat elliptical/idiomatic. |
| 14 | ἔλιπον | λείπω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 κρατοῦσιν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔλιπον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ὕστερον δὲ ἄλλα τε ἐπηγάγοντο καθάρσια ὡς ἐπὶ αἵματι ἐμφυλίῳ καὶ ἄγαλμα ἀνέθηκαν Μειλιχίου Διός.
The sentence has two coordinated main clauses; ὡς ἐπὶ αἵματι ἐμφυλίῳ is best treated as a modifying phrase attached to the second clause, though its exact semantic force is somewhat fluid.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐπηγάγοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the first verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐπηγάγοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπηγάγοντο | obj | high | Accusative neuter plural object. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 ἄλλα | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective particle; attaches to the preceding phrase. |
| 5 | ἐπηγάγοντο | ἐπαγάγω | VERB | V-AMI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 6 | καθάρσια | καθάρσιον | NOUN | N-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπηγάγοντο | obj | medium | Likely accusative object/apposition to ἄλλα; form can also be interpreted adjectivally. |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἀνέθηκαν | mark | high | Introduces a causal/temporal clause or comparison-like phrase. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 αἵματι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 9 | αἵματι | αἷμα | NOUN | N-DSN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνέθηκαν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί. |
| 10 | ἐμφυλίῳ | ἐμφύλιος | ADJ | A-DSN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 αἵματι | amod | high | Adnominal modifier of αἵματι. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἀνέθηκαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second main clause with the first. |
| 12 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνέθηκαν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἀνέθηκαν. |
| 13 | ἀνέθηκαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; coordinate clause. |
| 14 | Μειλιχίου | Μειλίχιος | PROPN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Διός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Διός. |
| 15 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα, naming the dedication. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀνέθηκαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |