Grammar parses for passage 2.20.5
Open translation for this passage
ἀπωτέρω δὲ ὀλίγον Ὡρῶν ἱερόν ἐστιν.
Locative existential construction: ἱερόν is the neuter nominative subject of ἐστιν; ἀπωτέρω and ὀλίγον form an adverbial distance phrase, while Ὡρῶν is a genitive dependent on ὀλίγον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπωτέρω | ADV | Adverb comparative | Degree=Cmp | 6 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, meaning farther away. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | Adverbial accusative | Degree=Pos | 1 ἀπωτέρω | advmod | medium | Neuter accusative used adverbially, modifying the distance expression. |
| 4 | Ὡρῶν | Ὧραι | PROPN | N--GFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ὀλίγον | nmod | medium | Proper name in the genitive plural, dependent on ὀλίγον; likely ‘of the Hours’. |
| 5 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject/predicate nominal of the existential clause. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential verb. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐπανιόντι δὲ ἐκεῖθεν ἀνδριάντες ἑστήκασι Πολυνείκους τοῦ Οἰδίποδος καὶ ὅσοι σὺν ἐκείνῳ τῶν ἐν τέλει πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος μαχόμενοι τὸ Θηβαίων ἐτελεύτησαν.
The dative participle ἐπανιόντι is a circumstantial/temporal dative referring to the implied traveler; ἀνδριάντες is the subject of ἑστήκασι, with Πολυνείκους and the following relative clause identifying the statues. The relative ὅσοι has τῶν ἐν τέλει as its partitive genitive, and μαχόμενοι modifies the implied subject of ἐτελεύτησαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπανιόντι | ἐπάνειμι | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἑστήκασι | advcl | medium | Circumstantial/temporal participle in the dative, likely referring to the narrator or traveler. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 5 ἑστήκασι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκεῖθεν | ἐκεῖθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἐπανιόντι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἀνδριάντες | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | N-----NMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἑστήκασι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἑστήκασι | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect with stative/resultative sense, ‘stand’. |
| 6 | Πολυνείκους | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | Ne----AMN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀνδριάντες | appos | medium | Accusative plural form is morphologically unexpected with singular-name interpretation; treated as an identifying appositive/object-like complement of ἀνδριάντες. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L----GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Οἰδίποδος | det | high | |
| 8 | Οἰδίποδος | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | Ne----GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Πολυνείκους | nmod | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 6 Πολυνείκους | cc | medium | Coordinates Πολυνείκους with the following relative description. |
| 10 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P---NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐτελεύτησαν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, subject of ἐτελεύτησαν. |
| 11 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R----- | _ | 12 ἐκείνῳ | case | high | |
| 12 | ἐκείνῳ | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P---DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 μαχόμενοι | obl | high | Dative complement of μαχόμενοι. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L---GPM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 τέλει | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R----- | _ | 15 τέλει | case | high | |
| 15 | τέλει | τέλος | NOUN | N----DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὅσοι | nmod | high | With τῶν, ‘those in authority/office’; partitive or descriptive genitive dependent on ὅσοι. |
| 16 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R----- | _ | 18 τεῖχος | case | high | |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 τεῖχος | det | high | |
| 18 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N----ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 μαχόμενοι | obl | high | Goal/direction complement with πρός. |
| 19 | μαχόμενοι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 22 ἐτελεύτησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with ὅσοι. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 Θηβαίων | det | high | Article with Θηβαίων; phrase likely means ‘the Thebans’ wall. |
| 21 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A----GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 τεῖχος | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on τεῖχος; adjective substantivized or agreeing with an omitted neuter noun. |
| 22 | ἐτελεύτησαν | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 10 ὅσοι | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause introduced by ὅσοι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἑστήκασι | punct | high |
τούτους τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐς μόνων ἑπτὰ ἀριθμὸν κατήγαγεν Αἰσχύλος, πλειόνων ἔκ τε Ἄργους ἡγεμόνων καὶ Μεσσήνης καί τινων καὶ Ἀρκάδων στρατευσαμένων.
Main clause: Αἰσχύλος κατήγαγεν τούτους τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐς ἑπτὰ ἀριθμόν; the genitive absolute πλειόνων ... στρατευσαμένων supplies the concessive/background circumstance. μόνων modifies ἑπτά substantivally (‘only seven’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-am-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 3 ἄνδρας | det | high | Demonstrative determiner of ἄνδρας. |
| 2 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L τοὺς | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἄνδρας | det | high | Article with ἄνδρας. |
| 3 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-am-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 κατήγαγεν | obj | high | Accusative object of κατήγαγεν. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 7 ἀριθμὸν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀριθμόν. |
| 5 | μόνων | μόνος | ADJ | A-amp | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἑπτὰ | amod | medium | Genitive plural used substantivally with ἑπτά, ‘only’. |
| 6 | ἑπτὰ | ἑπτά | NUM | M---- | Case=Gen|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 7 ἀριθμὸν | nummod | medium | Cardinal in a genitive numeral phrase; case is contextually governed/agrees with omitted counted referent. |
| 7 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-am-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κατήγαγεν | obl | high | Accusative of measure/result with ἐς. |
| 8 | κατήγαγεν | κατάγω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 9 | Αἰσχύλος | Αἰσχύλος | PROPN | N-nm-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κατήγαγεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατήγαγεν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κατήγαγεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | πλειόνων | πλείων | ADJ | A-gmp | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 στρατευσαμένων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 12 | ἔκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 15 ἡγεμόνων | case | high | Preposition governing Ἄργους. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 ἡγεμόνων | cc | high | Correlative conjunction associated with καί. |
| 14 | Ἄργους | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-gn-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἡγεμόνων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἡγεμόνων. |
| 15 | ἡγεμόνων | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-gm-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 πλειόνων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πλειόνων, ‘more numerous leaders’. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 ἡγεμόνων | cc | high | Coordinates the source phrase with Μεσσήνης. |
| 17 | Μεσσήνης | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N-gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἡγεμόνων | nmod | high | Genitive source/place dependent on ἡγεμόνων. |
| 18 | καί | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 τινων | cc | high | Coordinates τινων with the preceding source phrase. |
| 19 | τινων | τις | PRON | Pi-gmp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 22 στρατευσαμένων | nsubj | medium | Indefinite genitive plural subject coordinated within the genitive absolute. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 τινων | cc | medium | Coordinates Ἀρκάδων with the preceding coordinated subject. |
| 21 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-gm-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 τινων | nmod | medium | Genitive ethnic designation, dependent on τινων or appositional to it. |
| 22 | στρατευσαμένων | στρατεύω | VERB | V-AMP-gmp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 κατήγαγεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; its genitive subjects are πλειόνων and τινων. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κατήγαγεν | punct | high |
παρῆν δὲ ἔτι καὶ ἐπὶ τούτων Εὐρύαλος Μηκιστέως καὶ Πολυνείκους Ἄδραστος καὶ Τιμέας.
The imperfect παρῆν governs a coordinated list of personal names; ἐπὶ τούτων is locative/temporal (‘in addition to these’), with τούτων dependent on ἐπί. The patronymic Μηκιστέως modifies Εὐρύαλος; Πολυνείκους is genitive dependent on Ἄδραστος, while Τιμέας is coordinated with the named subjects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρῆν | πάρειμι | VERB | V- Impf Ind Act 3 Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 παρῆν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 παρῆν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 παρῆν | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘also/in addition’. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 τούτων | case | high | Locative/temporal use with the genitive. |
| 6 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | D-D Gen Pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 παρῆν | obl | high | |
| 7 | Εὐρύαλος | Εὐρύαλος | PROPN | N Prop Nom Sg Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 παρῆν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | Μηκιστέως | Μηκιστεύς | PROPN | N Prop Gen Sg Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐρύαλος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive modifying Εὐρύαλος. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 Ἄδραστος | cc | high | |
| 10 | Πολυνείκους | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N Prop Gen Sg Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἄδραστος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the following personal name, identifying Adrastus by lineage. |
| 11 | Ἄδραστος | Ἄδραστος | PROPN | N Prop Nom Sg Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐρύαλος | conj | high | Coordinated subject/name with Εὐρύαλος; Πολυνείκους is its dependent genitive. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Τιμέας | cc | high | |
| 13 | Τιμέας | Τιμέας | PROPN | N Prop Nom Sg Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐρύαλος | conj | high | Coordinated personal name; exact inflectional parsing of the form is somewhat uncertain. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | . | _ | 1 παρῆν | punct | high |