Grammar parses for passage 2.20.8
Open translation for this passage
ὑπὲρ δὲ τὸ θέατρον Ἀφροδίτης ἐστὶν ἱερόν, ἔμπροσθεν δὲ τοῦ ἕδους Τελέσιλλα ἡ ποιήσασα τὰ ᾄσματα ἐπείργασται στήλῃ· καὶ βιβλία μὲν ἐκεῖνα ἔρριπταί οἱ πρὸς τοῖς ποσίν, αὐτὴ δὲ ἐς κράνος ὁρᾷ κατέχουσα τῇ χειρὶ καὶ ἐπιτίθεσθαι τῇ κεφαλῇ μέλλουσα.
The sentence contains two coordinated descriptive clauses: ἱερόν is the nominative predicate of ἐστίν; Τελέσιλλα is subject of ἐπείργασται, with ποιήσασα attributive. In the final clause αὐτή is subject of ὁρᾷ, while κατέχουσα and μέλλουσα are participial predicates; ἐπιτίθεσθαι is complementary to μέλλουσα. The form ἔρριπταί is perfect middle/passive 3sg with βιβλία as plural neuter subject and οἱ as dative possessor/experiencer.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 4 θέατρον | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 θέατρον | det | high | |
| 4 | θέατρον | θέατρον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Object of ὑπέρ; nominative form is syntactically locative with the preposition. |
| 5 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | Ne-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερόν | nmod | high | |
| 6 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Predicative nominative; ἐστίν is existential/copular. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔμπροσθεν | ἔμπροσθεν | ADP | R- | _ | 12 ἕδους | case | high | Preposition/adverb governing τοῦ ἕδους. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 18 ἐπείργασται | cc | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἕδους | det | high | |
| 12 | ἕδους | ἕδος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπείργασται | obl | high | Object of ἔμπροσθεν. |
| 13 | Τελέσιλλα | Τελέσιλλα | PROPN | Ne-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπείργασται | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ποιήσασα | det | high | |
| 15 | ποιήσασα | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 Τελέσιλλα | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying Τελέσιλλα. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ᾄσματα | det | high | |
| 17 | ᾄσματα | ᾄσμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ποιήσασα | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἐπείργασται | ἐπείργω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Perfect middle/passive; construed here as ‘is depicted/represented’. |
| 19 | στήλῃ | στήλη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπείργασται | obl | high | Dative of surface/medium, ‘on a stele’. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπείργασται | punct | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G- | _ | 25 ἔρριπταί | cc | high | |
| 22 | βιβλία | βιβλίον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἔρριπταί | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject of the singular verb. |
| 23 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 25 ἔρριπταί | discourse | high | |
| 24 | ἐκεῖνα | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | RD-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 22 βιβλία | det | high | Demonstrative determiner agreeing with βιβλία. |
| 25 | ἔρριπταί | ῥίπτω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 18 ἐπείργασται | conj | high | Perfect middle/passive 3sg; βιβλία is the neuter plural subject. |
| 26 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP-D3S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 25 ἔρριπταί | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely possessive/ethical dative; form is homographic with the article. |
| 27 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 29 ποσίν | case | high | |
| 28 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ποσίν | det | high | |
| 29 | ποσίν | πούς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἔρριπταί | obl | high | Object of πρός, ‘by/at the feet’. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔρριπταί | punct | high | |
| 31 | αὐτὴ | αὐτός | PRON | RP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 35 ὁρᾷ | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject, ‘she herself’. |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 35 ὁρᾷ | cc | high | |
| 33 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 34 κράνος | case | high | |
| 34 | κράνος | κράνος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 ὁρᾷ | obl | high | Direction of gaze, ‘toward a helmet’. |
| 35 | ὁρᾷ | ὁράω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 ἐπείργασται | conj | high | Coordinated with the preceding descriptive predicates. |
| 36 | κατέχουσα | κατέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 ὁρᾷ | advcl | high | Depictive participle, ‘holding’. |
| 37 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 χειρὶ | det | high | |
| 38 | χειρὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 κατέχουσα | obl | high | Instrumental dative with κατέχουσα. |
| 39 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G- | _ | 40 ἐπιτίθεσθαι | cc | high | |
| 40 | ἐπιτίθεσθαι | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 43 μέλλουσα | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with μέλλουσα. |
| 41 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 κεφαλῇ | det | high | |
| 42 | κεφαλῇ | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 ἐπιτίθεσθαι | obl | high | Dative with ἐπιτίθεσθαι, ‘put on the head’. |
| 43 | μέλλουσα | μέλλω | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 ὁρᾷ | advcl | high | Depictive/future-intent participle, governing ἐπιτίθεσθαι. |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 ὁρᾷ | punct | high |
συμβάντος δὲ Ἀργείοις ἀτυχῆσαι λόγου μειζόνως πρὸς Κλεομένην τὸν Ἀναξανδρίδου καὶ Λακεδαιμονίους, καὶ τῶν μὲν ἐν αὐτῇ πεπτωκότων τῇ μάχῃ, ὅσοι δὲ ἐς τὸ ἄλσος τοῦ Ἄργου κατέφευγον διαφθαρέντων καὶ τούτων, τὰ μὲν πρῶτα ἐξιόντων κατὰ ὁμολογίαν, ὡς δὲ ἔγνωσαν ἀπατώμενοι συγκατακαυθέντων τῷ ἄλσει τῶν λοιπῶν, οὕτω τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους Κλεομένης ἦγεν ἐπὶ ἔρημον ἀνδρῶν τὸ Ἄργος.
Periphrastic/genitive-absolute narrative: συμβάντος λόγου governs ἀτυχῆσαι; nested genitive absolutes describe the fallen and the refugees, while Κλεομένης is the subject of ἦγεν. Some attachment of the participial genitives is structurally ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συμβάντος | συμβαίνω | VERB | VAAP-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 λόγου | amod | high | Genitive singular masculine participle modifying λόγου. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 συμβάντος | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | NPMD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀτυχῆσαι | iobj | high | Dative experiencer/affected party with ἀτυχῆσαι. |
| 4 | ἀτυχῆσαι | ἀτυχέω | VERB | VAAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 λόγου | acl | medium | Infinitive dependent on λόγου; idiomatically 'a misfortune occurred'. |
| 5 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | NMSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 56 ἦγεν | obl | medium | Genitive subject-like noun in the opening genitive absolute. |
| 6 | μειζόνως | μέγας | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 ἀτυχῆσαι | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparative, 'more grievously/seriously'. |
| 7 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Κλεομένην | case | high | |
| 8 | Κλεομένην | Κλεομένης | PROPN | NPMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀτυχῆσαι | obl | high | Object of hostile relation with πρός. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀναξανδρίδου | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀναξανδρίδου | Ἀναξανδρίδης | PROPN | NPMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Κλεομένην | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Λακεδαιμονίους | cc | high | |
| 12 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | NPMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Κλεομένην | conj | high | Coordinated object/party with Κλεομένην. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 56 ἦγεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 πεπτωκότων | cc | medium | Introduces a coordinated genitive-absolute sequence. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 πεπτωκότων | det | high | |
| 16 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 19 πεπτωκότων | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 αὐτῇ | case | high | |
| 18 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | PFDS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 19 πεπτωκότων | obl | high | Refers to μάχη understood/mentioned. |
| 19 | πεπτωκότων | πίπτω | VERB | VRAA-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 διαφθαρέντων | conj | medium | Genitive absolute participle, coordinated with διαφθαρέντων. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DFDS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 21 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | NFDS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 πεπτωκότων | obl | high | Dative of circumstance/time. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 πεπτωκότων | punct | high | |
| 23 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | QRMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 30 κατέφευγον | nsubj | high | Relative subject of κατέφευγον. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ὅσοι | cc | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 ἄλσος | case | high | |
| 26 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἄλσος | det | high | |
| 27 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | NASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 κατέφευγον | obl | high | |
| 28 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Ἄργου | det | high | |
| 29 | Ἄργου | Ἄργος | PROPN | NNSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄλσος. |
| 30 | κατέφευγον | καταφεύγω | VERB | VIAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 33 τούτων | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 31 | διαφθαρέντων | διαφθείρω | VERB | VAPP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 33 τούτων | acl | medium | Genitive absolute, with τούτων as its genitive subject. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 τούτων | cc | high | |
| 33 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | RDGP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 31 διαφθαρέντων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of διαφθαρέντων. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 56 ἦγεν | punct | high | |
| 35 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DANP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 37 πρῶτα | det | high | |
| 36 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 37 πρῶτα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ at 43. |
| 37 | πρῶτα | πρῶτος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 ἐξιόντων | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, 'at first'. |
| 38 | ἐξιόντων | ἔξειμι | VERB | VPAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 44 ἔγνωσαν | advcl | medium | Genitive participle in temporal/circumstantial construction; subject is implicit refugees. |
| 39 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 40 ὁμολογίαν | case | high | |
| 40 | ὁμολογίαν | ὁμολογία | NOUN | NFSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 ἐξιόντων | obl | high | Accusative with κατά, 'by agreement'. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 ἔγνωσαν | punct | high | |
| 42 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 44 ἔγνωσαν | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause. |
| 43 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 44 ἔγνωσαν | cc | high | |
| 44 | ἔγνωσαν | γιγνώσκω | VERB | VAAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 56 ἦγεν | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate verb. |
| 45 | ἀπατώμενοι | ἀπατάω | VERB | VPMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 44 ἔγνωσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with understood subject of ἔγνωσαν. |
| 46 | συγκατακαυθέντων | συγκατακαίω | VERB | VAPP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 44 ἔγνωσαν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute, with τῶν λοιπῶν as subject. |
| 47 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 48 ἄλσει | det | high | |
| 48 | ἄλσει | ἄλσος | NOUN | NDSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 46 συγκατακαυθέντων | obl | high | Dative of place/instrument, 'in the grove'. |
| 49 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 50 λοιπῶν | det | high | |
| 50 | λοιπῶν | λοιπός | ADJ | A-GPM | substantivized=Yes|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 46 συγκατακαυθέντων | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, subject of συγκατακαυθέντων. |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 56 ἦγεν | punct | high | |
| 52 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | ADV | _ | 56 ἦγεν | advmod | high | Correlative adverb, 'thus'. |
| 53 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | DAMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 54 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | |
| 54 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | NPMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 56 ἦγεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἦγεν. |
| 55 | Κλεομένης | Κλεομένης | PROPN | NPMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 56 ἦγεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦγεν. |
| 56 | ἦγεν | ἄγω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 57 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 58 ἔρημον | case | high | |
| 58 | ἔρημον | ἔρημος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 56 ἦγεν | obl | high | Predicative/object-oriented accusative with ἦγεν: 'to the Argos bereft of men'. |
| 59 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 58 ἔρημον | obl | high | Genitive of separation/content with ἔρημον. |
| 60 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 61 Ἄργος | det | high | |
| 61 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | NPAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 56 ἦγεν | obj | high | Second object/predicative destination of ἦγεν; appositional to ἔρημον. |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 56 ἦγεν | punct | high |