Grammar parses for passage 2.20.9
Open translation for this passage
Τελέσιλλα δὲ οἰκέτας μὲν καὶ ὅσοι διὰ νεότητα ἢ γῆρας ὅπλα ἀδύνατοι φέρειν ἦσαν, τούτους μὲν πάντας ἀνεβίβασεν ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος, αὐτὴ δὲ ὁπόσα ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις ὑπελείπετο καὶ τὰ ἐκ τῶν ἱερῶν ὅπλα ἀθροίσασα τὰς ἀκμαζούσας ἡλικίᾳ τῶν γυναικῶν ὥπλιζεν, ὁπλίσασα δὲ ἔτασσε κατὰ τοῦτο ᾗ τοὺς πολεμίους προσιόντας ἠπίστατο.
The main predicates are ἀνεβίβασεν, ὥπλιζεν, and ἔτασσε; ὑπελείπετο is retained as a relative-clause predicate despite the apparent singular agreement with neuter plural ὁπόσα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τελέσιλλα | Τελέσιλλα | PROPN | Ne-Sf | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἰκέτας | οἰκέτης | NOUN | Na-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 τούτους | conj | high | First object coordinated with relative-clause group. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 3 οἰκέτας | discourse | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 ὅσοι | cc | high | |
| 6 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | Pa-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀδύνατοι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦσαν. |
| 7 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 νεότητα | case | high | |
| 8 | νεότητα | νεότης | NOUN | Na-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀδύνατοι | obl | high | |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 10 γῆρας | cc | high | |
| 10 | γῆρας | γῆρας | NOUN | Nc-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἀδύνατοι | obl | high | Coordinated with νεότητα under διά. |
| 11 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | Na-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 φέρειν | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἀδύνατοι | ἀδύνατος | ADJ | A--p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Predicative complement with infinitive φέρειν. |
| 13 | φέρειν | φέρω | VERB | V--PNA---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἀδύνατοι | xcomp | high | |
| 14 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 16 τούτους | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause headed by ὅσοι. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | punct | high | |
| 16 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | obj | high | Resumptive object for οἰκέτας and ὅσοι. |
| 17 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 16 τούτους | discourse | high | |
| 18 | πάντας | πᾶς | ADJ | A-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 τούτους | amod | high | |
| 19 | ἀνεβίβασεν | ἀναβιβάζω | VERB | V3SIAAA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 τεῖχος | case | high | |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 τεῖχος | det | high | |
| 22 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | obl | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | punct | high | |
| 24 | αὐτὴ | αὐτός | PRON | P--s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 ὥπλιζεν | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject of ὥπλιζεν and ἔτασσε. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 43 ὥπλιζεν | cc | high | |
| 26 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | Pa-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ὑπελείπετο | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural relative-like quantifier, construed as subject of ὑπελείπετο. |
| 27 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 οἰκίαις | case | high | |
| 28 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | S---DFA--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 οἰκίαις | det | high | |
| 29 | οἰκίαις | οἰκία | NOUN | Nb-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 30 ὑπελείπετο | obl | high | |
| 30 | ὑπελείπετο | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V3SIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 37 ἀθροίσασα | acl:relcl | medium | Form is singular despite neuter plural ὁπόσα; treated as relative clause. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 36 ὅπλα | cc | high | |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S---NPN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 36 ὅπλα | det | high | |
| 33 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 35 ἱερῶν | case | high | |
| 34 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GPN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 35 ἱερῶν | det | high | |
| 35 | ἱερῶν | ἱερός | ADJ | A--p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 36 ὅπλα | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘sacred things’. |
| 36 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | Na-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 37 ἀθροίσασα | obj | high | |
| 37 | ἀθροίσασα | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V--SAAA--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 43 ὥπλιζεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle sharing subject αὐτή. |
| 38 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | S---AFP--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 39 ἀκμαζούσας | det | high | |
| 39 | ἀκμαζούσας | ἀκμάζω | VERB | V--PAPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 43 ὥπλιζεν | obj | high | Participial modifier of γυναῖκῶν phrase, with ἡλικίᾳ as respect. |
| 40 | ἡλικίᾳ | ἡλικία | NOUN | Nb-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ἀκμαζούσας | obl | high | Dative of respect with ἀκμαζούσας. |
| 41 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GFP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 42 γυναικῶν | det | high | |
| 42 | γυναικῶν | γυνή | NOUN | Nb-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 39 ἀκμαζούσας | nmod | high | |
| 43 | ὥπλιζεν | ὁπλίζω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 43 ὥπλιζεν | punct | high | |
| 45 | ὁπλίσασα | ὁπλίζω | VERB | V--SAAA--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 47 ἔτασσε | advcl | high | Aorist participle sharing subject αὐτή. |
| 46 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 47 ἔτασσε | cc | high | |
| 47 | ἔτασσε | τάσσω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | conj | high | Further coordinated finite verb. |
| 48 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 49 τοῦτο | case | high | |
| 49 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 47 ἔτασσε | obl | medium | Adverbial κατά τοῦτο, ‘accordingly/in this way’. |
| 50 | ᾗ | ᾗ | ADV | -------- | _ | 54 ἠπίστατο | advmod | medium | Relative adverb meaning ‘where/at the point where’. |
| 51 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S---AMP--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 52 πολεμίους | det | high | |
| 52 | πολεμίους | πολέμιος | ADJ | A--p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 53 προσιόντας | obj | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 53 | προσιόντας | πρόσειμι | VERB | V--PAPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 54 ἠπίστατο | xcomp | high | Accusative participle with τοὺς πολεμίους under ἠπίστατο. |
| 54 | ἠπίστατο | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | V3SII--M- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 47 ἔτασσε | advcl | high | Clause specifying where/how she knew the enemies were approaching. |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀνεβίβασεν | punct | high |
ὡς δὲ ἐγγὺς ἐγίνοντο οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες οὔτε τῷ ἀλαλαγμῷ κατεπλάγησαν δεξάμεναί τε ἐμάχοντο ἐρρωμένως, ἐνταῦθα οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, φρονήσαντες ὡς καὶ διαφθείρασί σφισι τὰς γυναῖκας ἐπιφθόνως τὸ κατόρθωμα ἕξει καὶ σφαλεῖσι μετὰ ὀνειδῶν γενήσοιτο ἡ συμφορά, ὑπείκουσι ταῖς γυναιξί.
The content clause after φρονήσαντες is syntactically difficult, especially διαφθείρασί; the annotation treats ἕξει and γενήσοιτο as coordinated content predicates and marks the anomalous form explicitly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 4 ἐγίνοντο | mark | high | Temporal conjunction: when/as. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἐνταῦθα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐγγὺς | ἐγγύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἐγίνοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐγίνοντο. |
| 4 | ἐγίνοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3I-IIM/P-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 19 ἐνταῦθα | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate predicate. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐγίνοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγίνοντο. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐμάχοντο | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 8 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 γυναῖκες | det | high | |
| 9 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἐμάχοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐμάχοντο. |
| 10 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 κατεπλάγησαν | cc | high | Negative coordinator introducing κατεπλάγησαν. |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀλαλαγμῷ | det | high | |
| 12 | ἀλαλαγμῷ | ἀλαλαγμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 κατεπλάγησαν | obl | high | Dative cause/instrument with κατεπλάγησαν. |
| 13 | κατεπλάγησαν | καταπλήσσω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 16 ἐμάχοντο | conj | high | First coordinated predicate. |
| 14 | δεξάμεναί | δέχομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 16 ἐμάχοντο | advcl | medium | Aorist middle participle, likely concessive/temporal: having received/endured. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐμάχοντο | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator with δεξάμεναί. |
| 16 | ἐμάχοντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-IIM/P-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 19 ἐνταῦθα | conj | high | Main predicate of the first coordinated scene. |
| 17 | ἐρρωμένως | ἐρρωμένως | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 ἐμάχοντο | advmod | high | Adverb meaning vigorously. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐνταῦθα | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 42 ὑπείκουσι | advmod | high | Then/there, linking the main result. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 21 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 ὑπείκουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of ὑπείκουσι. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 φρονήσαντες | punct | high | |
| 23 | φρονήσαντες | φρονέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 42 ὑπείκουσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the Spartans. |
| 24 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ἕξει | mark | high | Introduces content clause dependent on φρονήσαντες. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 26 διαφθείρασί | advmod | high | Also/even, within the content clause. |
| 26 | διαφθείρασί | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 33 ἕξει | advcl | low | Form is textually difficult; likely a participial form, perhaps corrupt or contracted, within the thought clause. |
| 27 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 26 διαφθείρασί | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/affected party. |
| 28 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 γυναῖκας | det | high | |
| 29 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 διαφθείρασί | obj | medium | Accusative object if διαφθείρασί is read as active. |
| 30 | ἐπιφθόνως | ἐπιφθόνως | ADV | ADV | _ | 33 ἕξει | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the anticipated outcome. |
| 31 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 κατόρθωμα | det | high | |
| 32 | κατόρθωμα | κατόρθωμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ἕξει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕξει. |
| 33 | ἕξει | ἔχω | VERB | V-FAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 23 φρονήσαντες | ccomp | high | First predicate in the content clause. |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 38 γενήσοιτο | cc | high | Coordinates the second anticipated result. |
| 35 | σφαλεῖσι | σφάλλω | VERB | V-APP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 38 γενήσοιτο | advcl | medium | Dative aorist passive participle, probably referring to the Spartans: if/when they fail. |
| 36 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 37 ὀνειδῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 37 | ὀνειδῶν | ὄνειδος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 38 γενήσοιτο | obl | high | With reproaches. |
| 38 | γενήσοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AOM-3S | Mood=Optative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 23 φρονήσαντες | ccomp | high | Second predicate in the content clause; potential result. |
| 39 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 συμφορά | det | high | |
| 40 | συμφορά | συμφορά | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 γενήσοιτο | nsubj | high | Subject of γενήσοιτο. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 ὑπείκουσι | punct | high | |
| 42 | ὑπείκουσι | ὑπείκω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause predicate: they yield. |
| 43 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 44 γυναιξί | det | high | |
| 44 | γυναιξί | γυνή | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 42 ὑπείκουσι | iobj | high | Dative complement of ὑπείκουσι. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 ὑπείκουσι | punct | high |