Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 2.21.9

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Passage 2.21.9

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3sentences parsed

78Greek tokens

2,458input tokens

5,816output tokens

Sentence 1

2.21.9 sentence 1

Tokens: 24
Input: 802
Output: 1,736
Total: 2,538

τὴν δὲ εἰκόνα παρὰ τῇ θεῷ τῆς παρθένου Χλῶριν ὀνομάζουσι, Νιόβης μὲν θυγατέρα εἶναι λέγοντες, Μελίβοιαν δὲ καλεῖσθαι τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς·

The main clause has an accusative object τὴν εἰκόνα and a predicative accusative Χλῶριν with ὀνομάζουσι. The participial phrase λέγοντες coordinates two accusative-plus-infinitive claims: Νιόβης θυγατέρα εἶναι and Μελίβοιαν καλεῖσθαι; τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς is an accusative adverbial phrase meaning ‘originally/from the beginning’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RA-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 εἰκόνα	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	X--------	_	10 ὀνομάζουσι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	εἰκόνα	εἰκών	NOUN	N-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ὀνομάζουσι	obj	high
4	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	R--------	_	6 θεῷ	case	high
5	τῇ	ὁ	DET	RA-SDF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 θεῷ	det	high
6	θεῷ	θεός	NOUN	N-SDF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ὀνομάζουσι	obl	high	Feminine θεῷ here refers to the goddess.
7	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA-SGF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 παρθένου	det	high
8	παρθένου	παρθένος	NOUN	N-SGF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 θεῷ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on θεῷ: the goddess of the maiden.
9	Χλῶριν	Χλῶρις	PROPN	Ne-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ὀνομάζουσι	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative naming the image.
10	ὀνομάζουσι	ὀνομάζω	VERB	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 ὀνομάζουσι	punct	high
12	Νιόβης	Νιόβη	PROPN	Ne-SGF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 θυγατέρα	nmod	high
13	μὲν	μέν	PART	X--------	_	16 λέγοντες	discourse	high	Correlative particle, paired with δὲ at token 19.
14	θυγατέρα	θυγάτηρ	NOUN	N-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with εἶναι.
15	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	16 λέγοντες	xcomp	high	Infinitive in the reported claim.
16	λέγοντες	λέγω	VERB	V-PPA-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	10 ὀνομάζουσι	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle with implicit subject ‘they’.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 λέγοντες	punct	high
18	Μελίβοιαν	Μελίβοια	PROPN	Ne-SAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 καλεῖσθαι	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with καλεῖσθαι.
19	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	X--------	_	20 καλεῖσθαι	cc	high	Correlative counterpart to μέν.
20	καλεῖσθαι	καλέω	VERB	V-PNM	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	16 λέγοντες	conj	high	Infinitive coordinated with εἶναι; middle/passive form means ‘to be called’.
21	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RA-SNN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 ἀρχῆς	det	high	Substantivizing article in the temporal phrase.
22	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	23 ἀρχῆς	case	high
23	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-SGF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 καλεῖσθαι	obl	high	Temporal adjunct: ‘from the beginning/originally’.
24	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	10 ὀνομάζουσι	punct	high

Sentence 2

2.21.9 sentence 2

Tokens: 23
Input: 811
Output: 1,666
Total: 2,477

ἀπολλυμένων δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος τῶν Ἀμφίονος παίδων περιγενέσθαι μόνην τῶν ἀδελφῶν ταύτην καὶ Ἀμύκλαν, περιγενέσθαι δὲ εὐξαμένους τῇ Λητοῖ.

Indirect infinitival report: after the genitive absolute, περιγενέσθαι takes ταύτην and Ἀμύκλαν as accusative subjects; εὐξαμένους is an accusative masculine plural participle, probably agreeing with an understood masculine subject in the final infinitival clause, though the transmitted syntax is compressed and somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀπολλυμένων	ἀπόλλυμι	VERB	V-PMP-GNP	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	10 περιγενέσθαι	advcl	medium	Genitive absolute participle; middle/passive morphology is formally ambiguous.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-PTCL	_	1 ἀπολλυμένων	cc	high
3	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	P	_	1 ἀπολλυμένων	case	high
4	Ἀρτέμιδος	Ἄρτεμις	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἀπολλυμένων	obl:agent	high
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	6 Ἀπόλλωνος	cc	high
6	Ἀπόλλωνος	Ἀπόλλων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Ἀρτέμιδος	conj	high
7	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 παίδων	det	high
8	Ἀμφίονος	Ἀμφίων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 παίδων	nmod	high
9	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ἀπολλυμένων	nsubj	medium	Genitive absolute subject with ἀπολλυμένων.
10	περιγενέσθαι	περιγίγνομαι	VERB	V-2ADN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	First infinitive of reported speech.
11	μόνην	μόνος	ADJ	A-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ταύτην	amod	high
12	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 ἀδελφῶν	det	high
13	ἀδελφῶν	ἀδελφή	NOUN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 μόνην	nmod	high
14	ταύτην	οὗτος	PRON	D-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	10 περιγενέσθαι	obj	high	Accusative subject-like argument of the infinitive.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	16 Ἀμύκλαν	cc	high
16	Ἀμύκλαν	Ἀμύκλας	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ταύτην	conj	medium	Proper name in accusative; coordinated with ταύτην, despite gender mismatch in the compressed account.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 περιγενέσθαι	punct	high
18	περιγενέσθαι	περιγίγνομαι	VERB	V-2ADN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	10 περιγενέσθαι	conj	high	Second coordinated infinitive.
19	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-PTCL	_	18 περιγενέσθαι	cc	high
20	εὐξαμένους	εὔχομαι	VERB	V-AMP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	18 περιγενέσθαι	advcl	low	Accusative masculine plural participle; likely predicative/temporal with an understood masculine accusative subject, but antecedent is unclear.
21	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 Λητοῖ	det	high
22	Λητοῖ	Λητώ	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 εὐξαμένους	obl	high	Dative with εὔχομαι, the deity addressed.
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	10 περιγενέσθαι	punct	high

Sentence 3

2.21.9 sentence 3

Tokens: 31
Input: 845
Output: 2,414
Total: 3,259

Μελίβοιαν δὲ οὕτω δή τι παραυτίκα τε χλωρὰν τὸ δεῖμα ἐποίησε καὶ ἐς τὸ λοιπὸν τοῦ βίου παρέμεινεν ὡς καὶ τὸ ὄνομα ἐπὶ τῷ συμβάντι ἀντὶ Μελιβοίας αὐτῇ γενέσθαι Χλῶριν.

Μελίβοιαν is the accusative subject of ἐποίησε; χλωράν is its predicative complement. παρέμεινεν has the same subject, with ὡς introducing the result clause; γενέσθαι is an infinitive of result/content dependent on ὡς, with Χλῶριν as its predicative nominative and αὐτῇ as dative of reference. The exact force of δή τι and the attachment of τε are somewhat interpretive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Μελίβοιαν	Μελίβοια	PROPN	Neut-?	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἐποίησε	obj	high	Accusative subject of the causative verb ἐποίησε.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἐποίησε	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οὕτω	οὕτω	ADV	ADV	_	11 ἐποίησε	advmod	high	Adverbial modifier, ‘thus/in such a way’.
4	δή	δή	PART	PART	_	3 οὕτω	advmod:emph	medium	Emphatic particle modifying οὕτω.
5	τι	τις	PRON	IndefNomAccSg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	3 οὕτω	advmod	medium	Indefinite/adverbial τι, reinforcing οὕτω (‘somehow/so very’).
6	παραυτίκα	παραυτίκα	ADV	ADV	_	11 ἐποίησε	advmod	high	Temporal adverb, ‘immediately’.
7	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἐποίησε	cc	medium	Postpositive connective; coordination with the following καί is loose/paired.
8	χλωρὰν	χλωρός	ADJ	A-?	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἐποίησε	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative complement of Μελίβοιαν with ἐποίησε.
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	Art-?	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 δεῖμα	det	high	Article with δεῖμα.
10	δεῖμα	δεῖμα	NOUN	N-?	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 ἐποίησε	nsubj	high	Nominative subject, ‘fear/fright’.
11	ἐποίησε	ποιέω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	First finite predicate; aorist active.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 παρέμεινεν	cc	high	Coordinates παρέμεινεν with ἐποίησε.
13	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	15 λοιπὸν	case	high	Preposition governing τὸ λοιπὸν.
14	τὸ	ὁ	DET	Art-?	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	15 λοιπὸν	det	high	Article substantivizing λοιπὸν.
15	λοιπὸν	λοιπός	ADJ	A-?	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 παρέμεινεν	obl	high	Substantivized accusative temporal expression, ‘the rest’.
16	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Art-?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	17 βίου	det	high	Article with βίου.
17	βίου	βίος	NOUN	N-?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 λοιπὸν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on λοιπὸν, ‘of life’.
18	παρέμεινεν	παραμένω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	11 ἐποίησε	conj	high	Coordinated finite predicate, with Μελίβοιαν understood as subject.
19	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	29 γενέσθαι	mark	medium	Introduces a result/content clause with γενέσθαι.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	22 ὄνομα	cc	high	Adds the naming consequence.
21	τὸ	ὁ	DET	Art-?	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 ὄνομα	det	high	Article with ὄνομα.
22	ὄνομα	ὄνομα	NOUN	N-?	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 γενέσθαι	nsubj	high	Subject of γενέσθαι.
23	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	25 συμβάντι	case	high	Preposition governing the dative participle phrase.
24	τῷ	ὁ	DET	Art-?	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	25 συμβάντι	det	high	Article with συμβάντι.
25	συμβάντι	συμβαίνω	VERB	V-2AAP-DNS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	22 ὄνομα	obl	high	Substantivized dative aorist participle, ‘what happened’; ἐπὶ marks occasion/basis.
26	ἀντὶ	ἀντί	ADP	PREP	_	27 Μελιβοίας	case	high	Preposition governing Μελιβοίας.
27	Μελιβοίας	Μελίβοια	PROPN	N-?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 Χλῶριν	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἀντί, ‘instead of/in place of Meliboea’.
28	αὐτῇ	αὐτός	PRON	P-3FDS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	29 γενέσθαι	iobj	medium	Dative of reference/recipient with γενέσθαι; refers to Μελίβοιαν.
29	γενέσθαι	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-2ADN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	18 παρέμεινεν	xcomp	medium	Aorist middle infinitive in the ὡς result/content clause.
30	Χλῶριν	Χλῶρις	PROPN	N-?	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 γενέσθαι	xcomp	low	Form is accusative, despite the expected predicative nominative Χλῶρις; likely an orthographic/textual accusative form or appositional naming expression.
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἐποίησε	punct	high

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