Grammar parses for passage 2.22.5
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντι δὲ οὐ πολὺ τάφος ἐστὶν Ἄργου Διὸς εἶναι δοκοῦντος καὶ τῆς Φορωνέως Νιόβης·
The syntax is an existential τάφος- clause with genitives identifying the tomb; προελθόντι and δοκοῦντος are participial clauses loosely attached to the main noun phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAP-DSM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 τάφος | advcl | high | Adverbial participle agreeing with implied subject of the main clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 5 τάφος | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | _ | 4 πολὺ | advmod | high | Negates πολὺ. |
| 4 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 τάφος | advmod | medium | Used adverbially with ἐστίν. |
| 5 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate nominal in an existential clause. |
| 6 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SPI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 τάφος | cop | high | Copular/existential verb. |
| 7 | Ἄργου | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Διὸς | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of Διός; likely attributive/possessive relation. |
| 8 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τάφος, marking the person concerned. |
| 9 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 δοκοῦντος | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of δοκοῦντος. |
| 10 | δοκοῦντος | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 τάφος | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute or loosely attached participial clause explaining the identification. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 Διὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitives. |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Νιόβης | det | high | Article modifying Νιόβης. |
| 13 | Φορωνέως | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Νιόβης | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Νιόβης. |
| 14 | Νιόβης | Νιόβη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Διὸς | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive dependent of Διός. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 τάφος | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Διοσκούρων ναός.
Nominal sentence with elliptical copula; μετά + accusative marks temporal succession.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 3 ταῦτα | case | high | Governed by ταῦτα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ταῦτα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 5 ναός | obl | high | Accusative of temporal sequence with μετά. |
| 4 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ναός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ναός. |
| 5 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Elliptical nominal sentence; 'temple' as predicate/topic. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ναός | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀγάλματα δὲ αὐτοί τε καὶ οἱ παῖδές εἰσιν Ἄναξις καὶ Μνασίνους, σὺν δέ σφισιν αἱ μητέρες Ἱλάειρα καὶ Φοίβη, τέχνη μὲν Διποίνου καὶ Σκύλλιδος , ξύλου δὲ ἐβένου·
The sentence is highly paratactic and elliptical; several nominal groups are best analyzed as predicative/appositive with εἰσιν, and τέχνη μὲν ... ξύλου δὲ ... is especially uncertain syntactically.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative/acusative with εἰσιν; form is accusative neuter plural. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 8 εἰσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοί | αὐτός | PRON | P-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 7 παῖδές | det | medium | Likely modifies παῖδές as intensive/pronominal modifier. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 3 αὐτοί | cc | high | Correlative with καί. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 οἱ | cc | high | Coordinates αὐτοί and οἱ παῖδές. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 παῖδές | det | high | Article with παῖδές. |
| 7 | παῖδές | παῖς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Com|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Coordinate subject with token 3. |
| 8 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular/predicative verb. |
| 9 | Ἄναξις | Ἄναξις | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσιν | xcomp | low | Likely predicative nominative name; syntactic attachment uncertain. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Ἄναξις | cc | high | Coordinates proper names. |
| 11 | Μνασίνους | Μνασίνους | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἄναξις | conj | high | Second coordinated predicative name. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 15 σφισιν | case | high | Preposition governing dative pronoun. |
| 14 | δέ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 22 τέχνη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective introducing next clause/phrase. |
| 15 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---D | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 σὺν | obl | high | Dative complement of σὺν. |
| 16 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 μητέρες | det | high | Article with μητέρες. |
| 17 | μητέρες | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσιν | nsubj | medium | Another nominal predication with εἰσιν implied; attachment is somewhat loose due to asyndetic style. |
| 18 | Ἱλάειρα | Ἱλάειρα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μητέρες | appos | high | Name in apposition to μητέρες. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 Ἱλάειρα | cc | high | Coordinates proper names. |
| 20 | Φοίβη | Φοίβη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Ἱλάειρα | conj | high | Second coordinated name. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 22 | τέχνη | τέχνη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσιν | advcl | low | Likely elliptical predication 'by the craft/workmanship of ...'; syntax difficult. |
| 23 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 22 τέχνη | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 24 | Διποίνου | Διποίνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 τέχνη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τέχνη. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 Διποίνου | cc | high | Coordinates genitives. |
| 26 | Σκύλλιδος | Σκύλλις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 Διποίνου | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive name. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 28 | ξύλου | ξύλον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἐβένου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐβένου. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 30 ἐβένου | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 30 | ἐβένου | ἔβενος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ξύλου | nmod | medium | Likely 'ebony' as material; gender/lemma uncertain in lexicon tradition. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῖς δʼ ἵπποις τὰ μὲν πολλὰ ἐβένου καὶ τούτοις, ὀλίγα δὲ καὶ ἐλέφαντος πεποίηται.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: two coordinated clauses with elided/implicit material, and genitives ἐβένου / ἐλέφαντος expressing material.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἵπποις | det | high | Article modifying ἵπποις. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἵπποις | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἵπποις | ἵππος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 πεποίηται | obl | high | Dative of reference/interest with πεποίηται. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 πολλὰ | det | high | Article with πολλὰ. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 τὰ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 6 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 πεποίηται | obj | medium | Neuter plural substantive, probably object/complement in ellipsis with ἐβένου. |
| 7 | ἐβένου | ἔβενος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πολλὰ | nmod | high | Material/genitive dependent on πολλὰ. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 τούτοις | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 9 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἵπποις | conj | high | Coordinated with ἵπποις; dative of reference. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 πεποίηται | punct | high | Comma. |
| 11 | ὀλίγα | ὀλίγος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 πεποίηται | obj | medium | Likely parallel object/complement with omitted copula/verb-like sense. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐλέφαντος | cc | high | Connective before ἐλέφαντος. |
| 14 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ὀλίγα | nmod | high | Material/genitive dependent on ὀλίγα. |
| 15 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 πεποίηται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |