Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 2.24.2

← 2.24.12.24.3 →

Passage 2.24.2

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
88Greek tokens
3,170input tokens
6,393output tokens
Sentence 1

2.24.2 sentence 1

Tokens
29
Input
902
Output
2,099
Total
3,001

τοῦ Δειραδιώτου δὲ Ἀπόλλωνος ἔχεται μὲν ἱερὸν Ἀθηνᾶς Ὀξυδερκοῦς καλουμένης, Διομήδους ἀνάθημα, ὅτι οἱ μαχομένῳ ποτὲ ἐν Ἰλίῳ τὴν ἀχλὺν ἀφεῖλεν ἡ θεὸς ἀπὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν·

The syntax is mostly straightforward, but the phrase οἱ μαχομένῳ is textually awkward; it is best treated as a dative participial phrase loosely dependent on ἀφεῖλεν.

punct advcl appos mark iobj advmod obl punct det obl nmod discourse nsubj acl nsubj case nsubj discourse nmod amod nmod punct det case det obj det det root 1 τοῦ ὁ / DET 2 Δειραδιώτου Δειραδιώτης / PROPN 3 δὲ δέ / PART 4 Ἀπόλλωνος Ἀπόλλων / PROPN 5 ἔχεται ἔχω / VERB 6 μὲν μέν / PART 7 ἱερὸν ἱερόν / NOUN 8 Ἀθηνᾶς Ἀθηνᾶ / PROPN 9 Ὀξυδερκοῦς Ὀξυδερκής / ADJ 10 καλουμένης καλέω / VERB 11 , , / PUNCT 12 Διομήδους Διομήδης / PROPN 13 ἀνάθημα ἀνάθημα / NOUN 14 , , / PUNCT 15 ὅτι ὅτι / SCONJ 16 οἱ ὁ / DET 17 μαχομένῳ μάχομαι / VERB 18 ποτὲ ποτέ / PART 19 ἐν ἐν / ADP 20 Ἰλίῳ Ἴλιον / PROPN 21 τὴν ὁ / DET 22 ἀχλὺν ἀχλύς / NOUN 23 ἀφεῖλεν ἀφαιρέω / VERB 24 ὁ / DET 25 θεὸς θεός / NOUN 26 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 27 τῶν ὁ / DET 28 ὀφθαλμῶν ὀφθαλμός / NOUN 29 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 ἈπόλλωνοςdethighArticle with Δειραδιώτου.
2ΔειραδιώτουΔειραδιώτηςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἈπόλλωνοςnmodhighGenitive modifier of Ἀπόλλωνος.
3δὲδέPART__5 ἔχεταιdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
4ἈπόλλωνοςἈπόλλωνPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ἔχεταιnsubjmediumLikely genitive subject/possessor with ἔχεται; construction is somewhat elliptical.
5ἔχεταιἔχωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
6μὲνμένPART__5 ἔχεταιdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
7ἱερὸνἱερόνNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἔχεταιnsubjhighSubject of ἔχεται.
8ἈθηνᾶςἈθηνᾶPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ἱερὸνnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἱερὸν.
9ὈξυδερκοῦςὈξυδερκήςADJ_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἈθηνᾶςamodmediumAdjectival epithet agreeing with Ἀθηνᾶς.
10καλουμένηςκαλέωVERB_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid8 ἈθηνᾶςaclhighParticipial modifier of Ἀθηνᾶς.
11,,PUNCT__7 ἱερὸνpuncthighPunctuation.
12ΔιομήδουςΔιομήδηςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἀνάθημαnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἀνάθημα.
13ἀνάθημαἀνάθημαNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἔχεταιapposhighApposition to ἱερὸν.
14,,PUNCT__13 ἀνάθημαpuncthighPunctuation.
15ὅτιὅτιSCONJ__23 ἀφεῖλενmarkhighIntroduces causal clause.
16οἱDET_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art17 μαχομένῳdetlowForm expected as dat.sg masc with μαχομένῳ; article is syntactically awkward here.
17μαχομένῳμάχομαιVERB_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid23 ἀφεῖλενiobjmediumDative participle, likely dative of reference/interest with ἀφεῖλεν.
18ποτὲποτέPART__23 ἀφεῖλενadvmodhighAdverbial particle.
19ἐνἐνADP__20 ἸλίῳcasehighPreposition.
20ἸλίῳἼλιονPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing23 ἀφεῖλενoblhighLocative oblique with ἐν.
21τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art22 ἀχλὺνdethighArticle with ἀχλὺν.
22ἀχλὺνἀχλύςNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing23 ἀφεῖλενobjhighDirect object.
23ἀφεῖλενἀφαιρέωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act5 ἔχεταιadvclhighFinite subordinate clause with ὅτι.
24DET_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art25 θεὸςdethighArticle with θεὸς.
25θεὸςθεόςNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing23 ἀφεῖλενnsubjhighSubject of ἀφεῖλεν.
26ἀπὸἀπόADP__28 ὀφθαλμῶνcasehighPreposition.
27τῶνDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art28 ὀφθαλμῶνdethighArticle with ὀφθαλμῶν.
28ὀφθαλμῶνὀφθαλμόςNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur23 ἀφεῖλενoblhighSource/origin oblique with ἀπό.
29··PUNCT__5 ἔχεταιpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

2.24.2 sentence 3

Tokens
17
Input
745
Output
1,363
Total
2,108

ἐς δὲ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἰοῦσίν ἐστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῶν Αἰγύπτου παίδων καὶ ταύτῃ μνῆμα.

The clause is appositional/locative and somewhat elliptical: ἐστιν governs the location phrase, while μνῆμα is a loose nominative continuation or implied subject-like nominal statement.

punct dislocated discourse case nmod obl nmod det cc det obl advcl case det nmod det root 1 ἐς εἰς / ADP 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τὴν ὁ / DET 4 ἀκρόπολιν ἀκρόπολις / NOUN 5 ἰοῦσίν εἶμι / VERB 6 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 ἀριστερᾷ ἀριστερός / ADJ 9 τῆς ὁ / DET 10 ὁδοῦ ὁδός / NOUN 11 τῶν ὁ / DET 12 Αἰγύπτου Αἴγυπτος / PROPN 13 παίδων παῖς / NOUN 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 ταύτῃ οὗτος / PRON 16 μνῆμα μνῆμα / NOUN 17 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐςεἰςADPR--------_4 ἀκρόπολινcasehighPreposition with accusative.
2δὲδέCCONJG--------_6 ἐστινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3τὴνDETL-ASF-Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 ἀκρόπολινdethighArticle modifying ἀκρόπολιν.
4ἀκρόπολινἀκρόπολιςNOUNN-ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ἰοῦσίνoblhighObject of ἐς.
5ἰοῦσίνεἶμιVERBPAP-APMAspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act6 ἐστινadvclmediumParticipial clause, likely agreeing with an understood plural reference or generic travelers; form is morphologically ambiguous in context.
6ἐστινεἰμίAUXV-3SPI-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular/existential main verb.
7ἐνἐνADPR--------_8 ἀριστερᾷcasehighPreposition with dative.
8ἀριστερᾷἀριστερόςADJA-DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ἐστινoblhighAdverbial/locative use with ἐν.
9τῆςDETL-GSF-Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 ὁδοῦdethighArticle modifying ὁδοῦ.
10ὁδοῦὁδόςNOUNN-GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἀριστερᾷnmodhighGenitive dependent of ἀριστερᾷ, as in 'on the left of the road'.
11τῶνDETL-GPM-Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art13 παίδωνdethighArticle modifying παίδων.
12ΑἰγύπτουΑἴγυπτοςPROPNN-GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 παίδωνnmodhighProper name in genitive modifying παίδων.
13παίδωνπαῖςNOUNN-GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur10 ὁδοῦnmodmediumGenitive phrase dependent on ὁδοῦ; likely 'the road of the children of Egypt' or similar.
14καὶκαίCCONJG--------_16 μνῆμαcchighCoordinating conjunction.
15ταύτῃοὗτοςPROND-DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem16 μνῆμαdethighLikely demonstrative modifying μνῆμα, though deictic adverbial force is possible.
16μνῆμαμνῆμαNOUNN-NSN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ἐστινdislocatedmediumNominal clause coordinated with the locative description; syntax somewhat compressed.
17..PUNCT__6 ἐστινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

2.24.2 sentence 4

Tokens
18
Input
718
Output
1,191
Total
1,909

χωρὶς μὲν γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν σωμάτων ἐνταῦθα αἱ κεφαλαί, χωρὶς δὲ ἐν Λέρνῃ σώματα τὰ λοιπά·

The sentence is a bipartite correlative structure with χωρὶς ... χωρὶς δέ; both clauses are nominal and elliptical, with the second clause coordinated to the first predicative nominal.

punct case discourse discourse conj case nmod discourse case advmod amod det det punct case nmod det root 1 χωρὶς χωρίς / ADP 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 γὰρ γάρ / PART 4 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 5 τῶν ὁ / DET 6 σωμάτων σῶμα / NOUN 7 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 8 αἱ ὁ / DET 9 κεφαλαί κεφαλή / NOUN 10 , , / PUNCT 11 χωρὶς χωρίς / ADP 12 δὲ δέ / PART 13 ἐν ἐν / ADP 14 Λέρνῃ Λέρνη / PROPN 15 σώματα σῶμα / NOUN 16 τὰ ὁ / DET 17 λοιπά λοιπός / ADJ 18 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1χωρὶςχωρίςADP__9 κεφαλαίcasehighPreposition/adverbial preposition introducing the first clause.
2μὲνμένPART__9 κεφαλαίdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
3γὰργάρPART__9 κεφαλαίdiscoursehighPostpositive explanatory particle.
4ἀπὸἀπόADP__6 σωμάτωνcasehighPreposition governing the genitive.
5τῶνDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art6 σωμάτωνdethighArticle modifying σωμάτων.
6σωμάτωνσῶμαNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur9 κεφαλαίnmodhighObject of ἀπό; genitive dependent within the prepositional phrase.
7ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADV__9 κεφαλαίadvmodhighLocative adverb modifying κεφαλαί.
8αἱDET_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art9 κεφαλαίdethighArticle modifying κεφαλαί.
9κεφαλαίκεφαλήNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur0 ROOTroothighMain predicative nominal in the first clause.
10,,PUNCT__9 κεφαλαίpuncthighComma punctuation.
11χωρὶςχωρίςADP__15 σώματαcasehighPreposition/adverbial preposition introducing the second clause.
12δὲδέPART__15 σώματαdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
13ἐνἐνADP__14 ΛέρνῃcasehighPreposition governing the dative.
14ΛέρνῃΛέρνηPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing15 σώματαnmodhighLocative noun within the prepositional phrase.
15σώματασῶμαNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur9 κεφαλαίconjhighSecond coordinated predicative nominal.
16τὰDET_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art17 λοιπάdethighArticle modifying λοιπά.
17λοιπάλοιπόςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur15 σώματαamodhighAttributive adjective meaning 'the rest'.
18··PUNCT__9 κεφαλαίpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 5

2.24.2 sentence 5

Tokens
24
Input
805
Output
1,740
Total
2,545

ἐν Λέρνῃ γὰρ καὶ ὁ φόνος ἐξειργάσθη τῶν νεανίσκων, ἀποθανόντων δὲ ἀποτέμνουσιν αἱ γυναῖκες τὰς κεφαλὰς ἀπόδειξιν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ὧν ἐτόλμησαν.

The syntax is marked by a genitive absolute (ἀποθανόντων δὲ) and a relative clause modifying πατέρα; ἀπόδειξιν is somewhat difficult and may be appositional or predicative in sense.

punct obl conj obl obj discourse obj nmod punct cc advcl nsubj case acl:relcl case det nsubj:pass det discourse det det det obj root 1 ἐν ἐν / ADP 2 Λέρνῃ Λέρνη / PROPN 3 γὰρ γάρ / PART 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 ὁ / DET 6 φόνος φόνος / NOUN 7 ἐξειργάσθη ἐξεργάζομαι / VERB 8 τῶν ὁ / DET 9 νεανίσκων νεανίσκος / NOUN 10 , , / PUNCT 11 ἀποθανόντων ἀποθνῄσκω / VERB 12 δὲ δέ / PART 13 ἀποτέμνουσιν ἀποτέμνω / VERB 14 αἱ ὁ / DET 15 γυναῖκες γυνή / NOUN 16 τὰς ὁ / DET 17 κεφαλὰς κεφαλή / NOUN 18 ἀπόδειξιν ἀπόδειξις / NOUN 19 πρὸς πρός / ADP 20 τὸν ὁ / DET 21 πατέρα πατήρ / NOUN 22 ὧν ὅς / PRON 23 ἐτόλμησαν τολμάω / VERB 24 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνἐνADPR_2 ΛέρνῃcasehighPreposition governing dative.
2ΛέρνῃΛέρνηPROPNN-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ἐξειργάσθηoblhighDative place complement.
3γὰργάρPARTG_7 ἐξειργάσθηdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
4καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_6 φόνοςccmediumPossibly additive particle on subject phrase.
5DETL-NSMCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 φόνοςdethighArticle with noun.
6φόνοςφόνοςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐξειργάσθηnsubj:passhighSubject of passive verb.
7ἐξειργάσθηἐξεργάζομαιVERBV-API-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
8τῶνDETL-GPMCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 νεανίσκωνdethighArticle with genitive noun.
9νεανίσκωννεανίσκοςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 φόνοςnmodhighGenitive dependent of φόνος.
10,,PUNCT__7 ἐξειργάσθηpuncthighPunctuation.
11ἀποθανόντωνἀποθνῄσκωVERBV-AAP-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act13 ἀποτέμνουσινadvclhighGenitive absolute participle.
12δὲδέPARTG_13 ἀποτέμνουσινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
13ἀποτέμνουσινἀποτέμνωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 ἐξειργάσθηconjhighCoordinated finite verb.
14αἱDETL-NPFCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur15 γυναῖκεςdethighArticle with noun.
15γυναῖκεςγυνήNOUNN-NPFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur13 ἀποτέμνουσινnsubjhighSubject of ἀποτέμνουσιν.
16τὰςDETL-APFCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur17 κεφαλὰςdethighArticle with noun.
17κεφαλὰςκεφαλήNOUNN-APFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur13 ἀποτέμνουσινobjhighDirect object of ἀποτέμνουσιν.
18ἀπόδειξινἀπόδειξιςNOUNN-AFSCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ἀποτέμνουσινobjmediumLikely appositional or secondary object; syntax somewhat compressed.
19πρὸςπρόςADPR_21 πατέραcasehighPreposition governing accusative.
20τὸνDETL-ASMCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 πατέραdethighArticle with noun.
21πατέραπατήρNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἀποτέμνουσινoblhighPrepositional object.
22ὧνὅςPRONRR-GPNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur23 ἐτόλμησανobjhighRelative pronoun; object of ἐτόλμησαν.
23ἐτόλμησαντολμάωVERBV-AAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act21 πατέραacl:relclhighRelative clause modifying πατέρα.
24..PUNCT__7 ἐξειργάσθηpuncthighPunctuation.
← 2.24.12.24.3 →