Grammar parses for passage 2.24.5
Open translation for this passage
ὁδοὶ δὲ ἐξ Ἄργους καὶ κατʼ ἄλλα εἰσὶ τῆς Πελοποννήσου καὶ πρὸς Ἀρκαδίας ἐπὶ Τεγέαν.
The existential εἰσί has ὁδοί as subject; the prepositional phrases coordinate routes from Argos, through other parts of the Peloponnese, and toward Arcadia, ending at Tegea. κατʼ ἄλλα is interpreted adverbially as ‘in other directions/places’; attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁδοὶ | ὁδός | NOUN | N--M-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 εἰσὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Ἄργους | case | high | Before vowel, from ἐκ. |
| 4 | Ἄργους | Ἄργος | PROPN | Neut-Sg-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσὶ | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἐξ. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 εἰσὶ | cc | medium | Coordinates the route expressions. |
| 6 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλα | case | medium | Elided form; exact semantic attachment of κατʼ ἄλλα is somewhat uncertain. |
| 7 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--N-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσὶ | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, adverbial with κατά. |
| 8 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentative predicate. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Πελοποννήσου | det | high | |
| 10 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N--F-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσὶ | obl | high | Genitive with κατʼ ἄλλα understood as route within/through the Peloponnese. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 εἰσὶ | cc | high | Coordinates the following route phrase. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ἀρκαδίας | case | high | |
| 13 | Ἀρκαδίας | Ἀρκαδία | PROPN | N--F-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσὶ | obl | high | Accusative governed by πρός, expressing direction toward Arcadia. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Τεγέαν | case | high | With accusative, expressing destination. |
| 15 | Τεγέαν | Τεγέα | PROPN | N--F-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀρκαδίας | nmod | medium | Destination Tegea, coordinated or appositional to the direction toward Arcadia. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσὶ | punct | high |
ἐν δεξιᾷ δὲ ὄρος ἐστὶν ἡ Λυκώνη, δένδρα κυπαρίσσου μάλιστα ἔχουσα.
Λυκώνη is the subject complement/predicate nominative with ὄρος ἐστίν; ἔχουσα is a nominative feminine singular circumstantial participle agreeing with Λυκώνη, and δένδρα is its object with a genitive of material/specification.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 2 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 2 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-FS-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ὄρος | obl | high | Substantivized feminine dative: ‘on the right’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὄρος | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject of ἐστίν. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Λυκώνη | det | high | |
| 7 | Λυκώνη | Λυκώνη | PROPN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Predicate nominative/subject complement with neuter ὄρος; parser analyses may use apposition or nmod instead. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔχουσα | punct | high | |
| 9 | δένδρα | δένδρον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἔχουσα | obj | high | |
| 10 | κυπαρίσσου | κυπάρισσος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 δένδρα | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the kind/material of trees. |
| 11 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-S | Degree=Sup | 12 ἔχουσα | advmod | high | ‘Especially/mostly’; modifies ἔχουσα or the tree description. |
| 12 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 Λυκώνη | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Λυκώνη. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ᾠκοδόμηται δὲ ἐπὶ κορυφῇ τοῦ ὄρους Ἀρτέμιδος Ὀρθίας ἱερόν, καὶ ἀγάλματα Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Λητοῦς καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος πεποίηται λευκοῦ λίθου· Πολυκλείτου δέ φασιν εἶναι ἔργα.
The passage contains two coordinated perfect predicates, with the first clause centered on ἱερόν and the second on ἀγάλματα; φασιν introduces an accusative-and-infinitive attribution clause. The reporting clause is treated as a new root after the strong punctuation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ᾠκοδόμηται | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 9 ἱερόν | cop | high | Periphrastic/passive perfect with neuter singular subject ἱερόν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 κορυφῇ | case | high | Takes dative κορυφῇ. |
| 4 | κορυφῇ | κορυφή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερόν | obl | high | |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 6 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 κορυφῇ | nmod | high | |
| 7 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Ὀρθίας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the deity epithet/name phrase. |
| 8 | Ὀρθίας | Ὀρθία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Epithet/name in genitive, dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 9 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of the periphrastic perfect ᾠκοδόμηται. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἱερόν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 πεποίηται | nsubj | high | Coordinated neuter plural subject of πεποίηται. |
| 13 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Λητοῦς | cc | high | |
| 15 | Λητοῦς | Λητώ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀγάλματα | conj | high | Coordinated genitive deity name. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 Ἀρτέμιδος | cc | high | |
| 17 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀγάλματα | conj | high | Third coordinated genitive deity name. |
| 18 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 9 ἱερόν | conj | high | Perfect middle, coordinated predicate; singular verb with neuter plural subject is normal. |
| 19 | λευκοῦ | λευκός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 λίθου | amod | high | Agrees with λίθου. |
| 20 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πεποίηται | obl | high | Material/source genitive with πεποίηται. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 22 | Πολυκλείτου | Πολύκλειτος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἔργα | nmod:poss | high | Possessive/author genitive with ἔργα. |
| 23 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 24 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal reporting verb governing accusative-and-infinitive; discourse continuation after the punctuation. |
| 25 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 φασιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of φασιν. |
| 26 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 φασιν | punct | high |
καταβάντων δὲ ἐκ τοῦ ὄρους αὖθίς ἐστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς λεωφόρου ναὸς Ἀρτέμιδος.
Genitive absolute καταβάντων δὲ supplies the temporal setting ('when/after descending'); ναὸς is the existential subject, with ἐστιν as the root and ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς λεωφόρου as its locative predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταβάντων | καταβαίνω | VERB | V--PAP-GMP- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 7 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; subject is implicit/elliptical. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 καταβάντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ὄρους | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L--GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 5 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 5 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 καταβάντων | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 6 | αὖθίς | αὖθις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Temporal/iterative adverb. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V--PIA-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 9 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, 'on the left'. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GSF- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 11 λεωφόρου | det | high | |
| 11 | λεωφόρου | λεωφόρος | NOUN | N--GSF- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 ἀριστερᾷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀριστερᾷ. |
| 12 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Existential subject. |
| 13 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N--GSF- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 ναὸς | nmod | high | Possessive/genitival dependent: temple of Artemis. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |