Grammar parses for passage 2.24.7
Open translation for this passage
ἐπανελθοῦσι δὲ ἐς τὴν ἐπὶ Τεγέας ὁδόν ἐστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ ὀνομαζομένου Τρόχου Κεγχρεαί.
The sentence has an understood impersonal/existential ἐστίν: Κεγχρεαί is the located subject/name, while ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ ὀνομαζομένου Τρόχου gives its location. ἐπανελθοῦσι is a dative plural circumstantial participle, probably referring to the travelers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπανελθοῦσι | ἐπανέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 ἐστιν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial dative participle; antecedent is understood travelers. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ὁδόν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 7 ὁδόν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Τεγέας | case | high | With genitive Τεγέας, specifying the road toward/at Tegea. |
| 6 | Τεγέας | Τεγέα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 5 ἐπὶ | obl | high | |
| 7 | ὁδόν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Object of ἐς; location/direction phrase with an understood return verb. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentative predicate. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 10 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, 'on the right'. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 12 ὀνομαζομένου | det | high | |
| 12 | ὀνομαζομένου | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPP-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 13 Τρόχου | acl | high | Modifies Τρόχου. |
| 13 | Τρόχου | Τρόχος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 δεξιᾷ | nmod | high | Name in the genitive after δεξιᾷ; ὀνομαζομένου agrees with it. |
| 14 | Κεγχρεαί | Κεγχρεαί | PROPN | N-NPF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Fem|Number=Plural | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Plural place-name functioning as the subject/name of the existential clause. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ὄνομα ἐφʼ ὅτῳ τῷ χωρίῳ γέγονεν, οὐ λέγουσι, πλὴν εἰ μὴ καὶ τοῦτο ἄρα ὠνομάσθη διὰ τὸν Πειρήνης παῖδα Κεγχρίαν.
The first clause says that they do not report the origin of the name; the εἰ μή clause supplies an exceptive possibility, ‘unless perhaps this too was named after Peirene’s son Cenchrias.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 3 ὄνομα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 5 ὅτῳ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 5 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 χωρίῳ | det | medium | Relative/interrogative form in the phrase ἐφʼ ὅτῳ τῷ χωρίῳ; exact traditional classification is context-sensitive. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 χωρίῳ | det | high | |
| 7 | χωρίῳ | χωρίον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 γέγονεν | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί. |
| 8 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 11 λέγουσι | ccomp | medium | Perfect of γίγνομαι, ‘has arisen/come about’; clause explains the naming context. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 γέγονεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D- | _ | 11 λέγουσι | advmod | high | |
| 11 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 13 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | R- | _ | 14 εἰ | case | high | Preposition introducing an exception clause. |
| 14 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | mark | high | Introduces an elliptical conditional/exceptive clause. |
| 15 | μὴ | μή | PART | D- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | advmod | high | Negation within the εἰ clause. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 17 τοῦτο | cc | high | |
| 17 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ὠνομάσθη | obj | high | Accusative object of ὠνομάσθη. |
| 18 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | D- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | discourse | medium | Inferential particle, ‘then/after all’. |
| 19 | ὠνομάσθη | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 11 λέγουσι | conj | high | Passive ‘was named’; subject is τοῦτο. |
| 20 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R- | _ | 23 παῖδα | case | high | With accusative, expressing cause. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 22 | Πειρήνης | Πειρήνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παῖδα: ‘son of Peirene’. |
| 23 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὠνομάσθη | obl | high | Object of διά in the causal phrase. |
| 24 | Κεγχρίαν | Κεγχρίας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 παῖδα | appos | high | Apposition to παῖδα. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 λέγουσι | punct | high |
καὶ πολυάνδρια ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν Ἀργείων νικησάντων μάχῃ Λακεδαιμονίους περὶ Ὑσιάς.
The sentence has an existential construction: πολυάνδρια is the subject of ἐστιν, with Ἀργείων νικησάντων μάχῃ Λακεδαιμονίους περὶ Ὑσιάς as a genitive absolute specifying the commemorated event; περὶ with accusative means ‘near/about’ Ὑσιάς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 2 πολυάνδρια | cc | high | |
| 2 | πολυάνδρια | πολυάνδριον | NOUN | Nb----na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter plural nominative; memorials/cemeteries. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb; singular with neuter plural subject is possible in Greek. |
| 5 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 νικησάντων | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 6 | νικησάντων | νικάω | VERB | V--GAPMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 7 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 νικησάντων | obl | high | Dative of manner or circumstance: ‘in battle’. |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 νικησάντων | obj | high | |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Ὑσιάς | case | high | With accusative. |
| 10 | Ὑσιάς | Ὑσιαί | PROPN | N---AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 νικησάντων | obl | medium | Place name; accusative governed by περί, likely ‘near/about Hyseae’. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ ἀγῶνα τοῦτον συμβάντα εὕρισκον Ἀθηναίοις ἄρχοντος Πεισιστράτου, τετάρτῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς ἑβδόμης καὶ εἰκοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος ἣν Εὐρύβοτος Ἀθηναῖος ἐνίκα στάδιον.
The accusative participle συμβάντα agrees with ἀγῶνα and is the object-oriented complement of εὕρισκον; Ἀθηναίοις is a dative of temporal/political circumstance with ἄρχοντος Πεισιστράτου. The relative clause modifies Ὀλυμπιάδος, with ἣν as the object of ἐνίκα; στάδιον is the event won.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 εὕρισκον | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εὕρισκον | obj | high | |
| 4 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | RD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀγῶνα | det | high | Demonstrative used attributively. |
| 5 | συμβάντα | συμβαίνω | VERB | VAAP-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἀγῶνα | acl | medium | Aorist participle agreeing with ἀγῶνα; construed as an event qualifying the object. |
| 6 | εὕρισκον | εὑρίσκω | VERB | VIAI1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form can also be 3rd-plural imperfect; singular 1st-person is preferred from context. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἄρχοντος | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance/association, dependent on the genitive absolute. |
| 8 | ἄρχοντος | ἄρχω | VERB | VPPGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 εὕρισκον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Πεισιστράτου. |
| 9 | Πεισιστράτου | Πεισίστρατος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄρχοντος | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εὕρισκον | punct | high | |
| 11 | τετάρτῳ | τέταρτος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἔτει | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἔτει. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἔτει | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εὕρισκον | obl | high | Dative of time when. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἑβδόμης | det | high | |
| 15 | ἑβδόμης | ἕβδομος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | Ordinal modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 εἰκοστῆς | cc | high | |
| 17 | εἰκοστῆς | εἰκοστός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἑβδόμης | conj | high | Coordinated ordinal in the phrase 'twenty-seventh'. |
| 18 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἔτει | nmod | high | |
| 19 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | PR-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐνίκα | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 20 | Εὐρύβοτος | Εὐρύβοτος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐνίκα | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | Ἀθηναῖος | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Εὐρύβοτος | appos | high | Appositional ethnic designation. |
| 22 | ἐνίκα | νικάω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 18 Ὀλυμπιάδος | acl:relcl | high | |
| 23 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐνίκα | obj | high | Accusative of the athletic event won. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εὕρισκον | punct | high |
καταβάντος δὲ ἐς τὸ χθαμαλώτερον ἐρείπια Ὑσιῶν ἐστι πόλεώς ποτε ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι, καὶ τὸ πταῖσμα Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐνταῦθα γενέσθαι λέγουσιν.
The opening genitive absolute καταβάντος δὲ introduces movement to the lower ground; the second clause is an accusative-and-infinitive construction governed by λέγουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταβάντος | καταβαίνω | VERB | V--AAP-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 ἐστι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with implicit masculine singular subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 χθαμαλώτερον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----ASN- | Case=Accusative|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 5 χθαμαλώτερον | det | high | |
| 5 | χθαμαλώτερον | χθαμαλός | ADJ | A--MSC | Case=Accusative|Degree=Comparative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 καταβάντος | obl | medium | Substantivized comparative, governed by ἐς. |
| 6 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | Ὑσιῶν | Ὑσιαί | PROPN | Ne----GP- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 6 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Place-name in the genitive. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular clause: ἐρείπια is the subject. |
| 9 | πόλεώς | πόλις | NOUN | N-----GS- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Genitive of what the ruins are. |
| 10 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 πόλεώς | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Ἀργολίδι | case | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DSF- | Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 13 Ἀργολίδι | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἀργολίδι | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | Ne----DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 πόλεώς | nmod | high | Locative phrase modifying πόλις. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported clause. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----ASN- | Case=Accusative|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 17 πταῖσμα | det | high | |
| 17 | πταῖσμα | πταῖσμα | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 20 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 18 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne----DP- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 20 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of occurrence/experience. |
| 19 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 20 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 21 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 21 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 8 ἐστι | conj | high | Coordinates a second clause with the preceding assertion. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high |