Grammar parses for passage 2.24.7
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ὄνομα ἐφʼ ὅτῳ τῷ χωρίῳ γέγονεν, οὐ λέγουσι, πλὴν εἰ μὴ καὶ τοῦτο ἄρα ὠνομάσθη διὰ τὸν Πειρήνης παῖδα Κεγχρίαν.
The clause πλὴν εἰ μὴ καὶ τοῦτο ἄρα ὠνομάσθη is syntactically compressed; ὠνομάσθη is treated as the head of the exception clause, with πλὴν as an introductory modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ὄνομα | det | high | Article modifying ὄνομα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g--------- | _ | 8 γέγονεν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 γέγονεν | nsubj | medium | Accusative with γέγονεν; likely subject-like with impersonal/generic sense. |
| 4 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 7 χωρίῳ | case | high | Preposition governing ὅτῳ. |
| 5 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 7 χωρίῳ | obl | high | Relative pronoun in dative. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χωρίῳ | det | high | Article modifying χωρίῳ. |
| 7 | χωρίῳ | χωρίον | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 γέγονεν | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 8 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | v-3sria-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 γέγονεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | d--------- | _ | 11 λέγουσι | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 11 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | v-3ppia-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 γέγονεν | parataxis | high | Second main clause. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADV | d--------- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | advmod | medium | Exception/intensifying particle introducing clause. |
| 14 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | c--------- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | mark | high | Conditional/subordinating marker. |
| 15 | μὴ | μή | PART | d--------- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | advmod | high | Negative particle with εἰ. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | PART | g--------- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | advmod | high | Additive particle. |
| 17 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | p-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 ὠνομάσθη | obj | medium | Object of ὠνομάσθη. |
| 18 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | g--------- | _ | 19 ὠνομάσθη | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 19 | ὠνομάσθη | ὀνομάζω | VERB | v-3saip-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 11 λέγουσι | advcl | high | Subordinate/exception clause attached to λέγουσι. |
| 20 | διὰ | διά | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 24 Κεγχρίαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative phrase. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 Κεγχρίαν | det | high | Article modifying παῖδα. |
| 22 | Πειρήνης | Πειρήνη | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παῖδα. |
| 23 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κεγχρίαν | appos | medium | Likely appositional with Κεγχρίαν in the naming phrase. |
| 24 | Κεγχρίαν | Κεγχρίας | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὠνομάσθη | obl | high | Object of διὰ phrase expressing cause/source. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 γέγονεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ πολυάνδρια ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν Ἀργείων νικησάντων μάχῃ Λακεδαιμονίους περὶ Ὑσιάς.
The main syntactic difficulty is the genitive absolute νικησάντων ... with a participial phrase that supplies the circumstance for the existential clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 πολυάνδρια | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction introducing the clause. |
| 2 | πολυάνδρια | πολυάνδριον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicative/existential subject of ἐστιν. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the copular/existential verb. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb as clause root. |
| 5 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργείος | ADJ | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 6 νικησάντων | amod | medium | Genitive plural modifier dependent on the participle; likely substantival 'of the Argives'. |
| 6 | νικησάντων | νικάω | VERB | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 2 πολυάνδρια | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle modifying πολυάνδρια / the clause as circumstantial background. |
| 7 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 νικησάντων | obl | high | Dative of respect/instrument within the participial construction. |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 6 νικησάντων | obj | high | Direct object of νικησάντων. |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | _ | 10 Ὑσιάς | case | high | Preposition governing Ὑσιάς. |
| 10 | Ὑσιάς | Ὑσιά | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 6 νικησάντων | obl | high | Prepositional oblique dependent on the participle, expressing location/area of the battle. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καταβάντος δὲ ἐς τὸ χθαμαλώτερον ἐρείπια Ὑσιῶν ἐστι πόλεώς ποτε ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι, καὶ τὸ πταῖσμα Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐνταῦθα γενέσθαι λέγουσιν.
Two-clause structure: first a genitive absolute plus existential ἐστι, then a reportive clause with accusative-and-infinitive complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταβάντος | καταβαίνω | VERB | PAP-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐρείπια | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle modifying the main clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 καταβάντος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ἐρείπια | case | high | Introduces goal phrase. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 χθαμαλώτερον | det | high | Article with comparative adjective. |
| 5 | χθαμαλώτερον | χθαμαλός | ADJ | A-ASM-CMP | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐρείπια | obl | high | Substantivized comparative in prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Nominative absent; likely subject of ἐστι with understood 'there are'. |
| 7 | Ὑσιῶν | Ὑσία | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 6 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/association. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of first clause. |
| 9 | πόλεώς | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Genitive modifier; likely with ποτε. |
| 10 | ποτε | ποτε | PART | _ | _ | 9 πόλεώς | advmod | high | Temporal enclitic modifying πόλεως. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 13 Ἀργολίδι | case | high | Preposition. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Ἀργολίδι | det | high | Article with place-name. |
| 13 | Ἀργολίδι | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Coordination with second clause. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 πταῖσμα | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 17 | πταῖσμα | πταῖσμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 18 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur | 20 γενέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative experiencer/affected party with γενέσθαι. |
| 19 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 20 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying infinitive. |
| 20 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 21 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive after λέγουσιν. |
| 21 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main predicate; governs infinitival complement. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |