Grammar parses for passage 2.25.2
Open translation for this passage
προελθοῦσι δὲ αὐτόθεν διαβάντων ποταμὸν χείμαρρον Χάραδρον καλούμενον ἔστιν Οἰνόη, τὸ ὄνομα ἔχουσα, ὡς Ἀργεῖοί φασιν, ἀπὸ Οἰνέως.
The opening dative participle προελθοῦσι is an absolute/ loosely circumstantial participial phrase, while διαβάντων agrees with the understood travelers and governs ποταμόν; Οἰνόη is the existential subject of ἔστιν, with τὸ ὄνομα ἔχουσα as a supplementary participle. The final ἀπό phrase gives the asserted etymological source of the name.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθοῦσι | προέρχομαι | VERB | AAP-DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial aorist participle; dative likely absolute or agreeing with an implicit plural subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 προελθοῦσι | advmod | high | Adverb meaning 'from that very place'. |
| 4 | διαβάντων | διαβαίνω | VERB | AAP-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Genitive plural aorist participle, likely genitive absolute; its understood subject is the travelers. |
| 5 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 4 διαβάντων | obj | high | Object of διαβάντων. |
| 6 | χείμαρρον | χείμαρρος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 5 ποταμὸν | appos | medium | Appositional noun, specifying ποταμόν. |
| 7 | Χάραδρον | Χάραδρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 χείμαρρον | appos | high | Proper name in apposition to the stream. |
| 8 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | PPM-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 7 Χάραδρον | acl | high | Agrees with Χάραδρον; passive participle 'called'. |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | VPAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular main verb. |
| 10 | Οἰνόη | Οἰνόη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 9 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the existential clause. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 Οἰνόη | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 13 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 13 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 14 ἔχουσα | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσα. |
| 14 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | PPA-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 10 Οἰνόη | acl | high | Supplementary participle agreeing with Οἰνόη. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔχουσα | punct | high | |
| 16 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 φασιν | mark | high | Introduces the parenthetical reporting clause. |
| 17 | Ἀργεῖοί | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 18 φασιν | nsubj | high | Argives as subject of φασιν. |
| 18 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | VPAI3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 21 Οἰνέως | parataxis | high | Parenthetical reporting verb. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Οἰνέως | case | high | Introduces the source phrase. |
| 21 | Οἰνέως | Οἰνεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 14 ἔχουσα | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ἀπό; semantically supplies the claimed source of the name. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἐτιμώρησεν αὐτῷ στρατεύσας ἐς τὴν Καλυδωνίαν, παραμένειν δὲ οὐκ ἔφη οἱ δύνασθαι.
The first clause has an understood subject ‘he’ (ὁ), with στρατεύσας as a circumstantial aorist participle; παραμένειν ... δύνασθαι is an infinitival complement of ἔφη, with οἱ as dative experiencer/subject of the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | nsubj | high | Substantival article, ‘he’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἄλλα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 5 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘the other things’. |
| 6 | ἐτιμώρησεν | τιμωρέω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P3SMSD---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | iobj | medium | Dative recipient/beneficiary, potentially reflexive in sense. |
| 8 | στρατεύσας | στρατεύω | VERB | V--AAPNMS- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, sharing subject with ὁ. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Καλυδωνίαν | case | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Καλυδωνίαν | det | high | |
| 11 | Καλυδωνίαν | Καλυδωνία | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 στρατεύσας | obl | high | Place name governed by ἐς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | παραμένειν | παραμένω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 ἔφη | ccomp | high | Subjectless infinitive, coordinated contrastively with δύνασθαι. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἔφη | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 15 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἔφη | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V3SIAI--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | parataxis | high | Introduces infinitival speech complement. |
| 17 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P3SMSD---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 18 δύνασθαι | iobj | medium | Dative of the person with δύνασθαι; Greek οἱ is an enclitic third-person dative pronoun. |
| 18 | δύνασθαι | δύναμαι | VERB | V--PMN--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 16 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Second infinitive coordinated with παραμένειν; οἱ is its dative subject/experiencer. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐτιμώρησεν | punct | high |
συνακολουθεῖν δέ, εἰ βούλοιτο, ἐς Ἄργος ἐκεῖνον ἐκέλευεν.
Infinitival complement συνακολουθεῖν is coordinated with an implicit/understood subject and governed by ἐκέλευεν; ἐκεῖνον is the accusative object of ἐκέλευεν, while the εἰ-clause is parenthetical/conditional with optative βούλοιτο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνακολουθεῖν | συνακολουθέω | VERB | V- -PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 ἐκέλευεν | xcomp | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐκέλευεν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 10 ἐκέλευεν | punct | high | |
| 4 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 5 βούλοιτο | mark | high | |
| 5 | βούλοιτο | βούλομαι | VERB | V3SPOA | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐκέλευεν | advcl | medium | Optative in the conditional clause; subject is unexpressed. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 5 βούλοιτο | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Ἄργος | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | Neut-Acc-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκέλευεν | obl | high | Accusative destination governed by ἐς; indeclinable-looking neuter place name. |
| 9 | ἐκεῖνον | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | Pd3msa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκέλευεν | obj | high | |
| 10 | ἐκέλευεν | κελεύω | VERB | V3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 10 ἐκέλευεν | punct | high |
ἀφικόμενον δὲ τά τε ἄλλα ἐθεράπευεν, ὡς πατρὸς θεραπεύειν πατέρα εἰκὸς ἦν, καὶ ἀποθανόντα ἔθαψεν ἐνταῦθα.
The accusative participles ἀφικόμενον and ἀποθανόντα are coordinated adverbial predicates with an implicit masculine singular subject, likely the contextual person; ὡς introduces a causal/comparative explanatory clause, with πατρὸς and πατέρα governed by θεραπεύειν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφικόμενον | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Medium | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | advcl | high | Adverbial aorist participle, accusative masculine singular, agreeing with the implicit object/subject of the finite clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | τά | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἄλλα | det | high | Article used substantivally with ἄλλα. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἄλλα | cc | high | Correlative/coordinating particle in τά τε ἄλλα. |
| 5 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective, object of ἐθεράπευεν. |
| 6 | ἐθεράπευεν | θεραπεύω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb; subject is implicit from context. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 θεραπεύειν | mark | medium | Introduces an explanatory causal/comparative clause. |
| 9 | πατρὸς | πατήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 θεραπεύειν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on θεραπεύειν, plausibly ‘as being a father’; syntactically somewhat elliptical. |
| 10 | θεραπεύειν | θεραπεύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 13 ἦν | csubj | medium | Infinitive functioning as clausal subject or explanatory infinitive with εἰκός ἦν. |
| 11 | πατέρα | πατήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 θεραπεύειν | obj | high | Object of θεραπεύειν. |
| 12 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | ADJ | A-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἦν | xcomp | high | Neuter substantive adjective, ‘fitting/probable’, with impersonal ἦν. |
| 13 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | advcl | medium | Impersonal existential/copular verb governing εἰκός and the infinitive clause. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἔθαψεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite predicate. |
| 16 | ἀποθανόντα | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 17 ἔθαψεν | advcl | high | Adverbial aorist participle, coordinated in sense with ἀφικόμενον. |
| 17 | ἔθαψεν | θάπτω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 18 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 17 ἔθαψεν | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying ἔθαψεν. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐθεράπευεν | punct | high |
ἀπὸ τούτου μὲν Οἰνόη χωρίον ἐστὶν Ἀργείοις.
Οἰνόη is the predicate nominative subject of ἐστίν; χωρίον is a nominal predicate, and Ἀργείοις is a dative of possession/association. ἀπὸ τούτου μὲν is a connective temporal/discourse phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 τούτου | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ἐστὶν | obl | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Correlative particle; the expected δέ follows in broader context. |
| 4 | Οἰνόη | Οἰνόη | PROPN | N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Predicate-nominative/subject place name. |
| 5 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-S---N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Nominal predicate with copular ἐστίν. |
| 6 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐστὶν | iobj | high | Dative of possession or association: 'for/to the Argives'. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | punct | high |