Grammar parses for passage 2.25.5
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ χωρίον τότε μὲν Λυγκεία ἐκαλεῖτο, οἰκήσαντος δὲ ὕστερον ἐν αὐτῷ Λύρκου---παῖς δὲ ἦν Ἄβαντος νόθος--- τὸ ὄνομα διʼ αὐτὸν ἔσχηκε·
The participial genitive οἰκήσαντος Λύρκου is a genitive absolute, while παῖς ... νόθος is an interpolated nominal clause; ἔσχηκε is perfect active, with τὸ ὄνομα as object and διʼ αὐτόν expressing cause/reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D | PronType=Dem | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | advmod | high | |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 6 | Λυγκεία | Λυγκεία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | xcomp | medium | Predicate name; feminine form agrees with an understood χώρα/περιοχή or may be an elliptical name. |
| 7 | ἐκαλεῖτο | καλέω | VERB | V-3II-SMI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | punct | high | |
| 9 | οἰκήσαντος | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 Λύρκου | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle; syntactically dependent on Λύρκου. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 9 οἰκήσαντος | cc | high | Connective within the genitive-absolute frame. |
| 11 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D | _ | 9 οἰκήσαντος | advmod | high | |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 13 αὐτῷ | case | high | |
| 13 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 9 οἰκήσαντος | obl | high | Refers to the place; masculine/neuter dative form is formally ambiguous. |
| 14 | Λύρκου | Λύρκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | obl | high | Genitive-absolute nominal. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 18 παῖς | punct | high | Dash delimiting the parenthetical. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 15 - | punct | high | Dash sequence as supplied. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 16 - | punct | high | Dash sequence as supplied. |
| 18 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 20 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective in parenthetical clause. |
| 20 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 18 παῖς | cop | high | Copula; nominal predicate follows. |
| 21 | Ἄβαντος | Ἄβας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 νόθος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on νόθος. |
| 22 | νόθος | νόθος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective: ‘illegitimate’. |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 18 παῖς | punct | high | Dash delimiting the parenthetical. |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 23 - | punct | high | Dash sequence as supplied. |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 24 - | punct | high | Dash sequence as supplied. |
| 26 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 27 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἔσχηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχηκε. |
| 28 | διʼ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 29 αὐτὸν | case | high | Elided form before αὐτόν. |
| 29 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 30 ἔσχηκε | obl | high | Accusative after διά; causal/reference complement. |
| 30 | ἔσχηκε | ἔχω | VERB | V-RIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἐκαλεῖτο | conj | medium | Form is perfect active 3sg in Classical Greek; tagset rendered conservatively as finite active, with perfect value omitted from xpos convention. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 30 ἔσχηκε | punct | high |
καὶ ἄλλα τέ ἐστιν οὐκ ἀξιόλογα ἐν τοῖς ἐρειπίοις καὶ εἰκὼν ἐπὶ στήλῃ τοῦ Λύρκου.
The sentence coordinates two predicates: ἄλλα ... ἐστιν and εἰκὼν (with an understood ἐστιν); ἐν τοῖς ἐρειπίοις modifies the first predicate, while τοῦ Λύρκου is a genitive dependent on στήλῃ/its image context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | PRON | A--NP???-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective. |
| 3 | τέ | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated predicate; the second conjunct has an understood copula. |
| 5 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 ἀξιόλογα | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἀξιόλογα | ἀξιόλογος | ADJ | A--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with substantivized ἄλλα. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 ἐρειπίοις | case | high | |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐρειπίοις | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐρειπίοις | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀξιόλογα | obl | high | Locative/setting complement of ἀξιόλογα ἐστίν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 εἰκὼν | cc | high | Coordinates the second nominal predicate. |
| 11 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | conj | medium | Second coordinated subject/predicate nominal, with ἐστιν understood; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 στήλῃ | case | high | |
| 13 | στήλῃ | στήλη | NOUN | N-DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἰκὼν | obl | high | Prepositional complement specifying the location/support of the image. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Λύρκου | det | high | |
| 15 | Λύρκου | Λύρκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 στήλῃ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on στήλῃ, identifying the stele as Lyrkus’s; attachment may alternatively be understood with εἰκών. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐς μὲν δὴ ταύτην ἐστὶν ἐξ Ἄργους ἑξήκοντα μάλιστά που στάδια, ἐκ δὲ Λυρκείας ἕτερα τοσαῦτα ἐς Ὀρνεάς.
The first clause means approximately sixty stadia from Argos to this place; the second elliptically repeats the distance from Lyrceia to Orneae, with ἕτερα τοσαῦτα functioning as the second-distance measure. The copula ἐστίν is existential/predicative and takes the prepositional distance phrase as its complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 ταύτην | case | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Correlative particle; δέ follows in the second clause. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AFSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Accusative destination/place complement with ἐς; antecedent is the place just discussed. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/predicative use. |
| 6 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 7 Ἄργους | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἄργους | Ἄργος | PROPN | NE-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 11 στάδια | nmod | high | Source of the measured distance. |
| 8 | ἑξήκοντα | ἑξήκοντα | NUM | NUM | NumType=Card | 11 στάδια | nummod | high | |
| 9 | μάλιστά | μάλιστα | ADV | D3 | Degree=Sup | 8 ἑξήκοντα | advmod | high | Approximately/at most in this context. |
| 10 | που | που | PART | PART | _ | 8 ἑξήκοντα | discourse | medium | Enclitic particle conveying approximation or speaker uncertainty. |
| 11 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | NA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Accusative of extent/distance. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 15 Λυρκείας | case | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Coordinates the second, elliptic clause. |
| 15 | Λυρκείας | Λυρκεία | PROPN | NF-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 17 τοσαῦτα | nmod | high | Source place. |
| 16 | ἕτερα | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NPAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 τοσαῦτα | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, modifying τοσαῦτα. |
| 17 | τοσαῦτα | τοσοῦτος | PRON | PD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Substantivized demonstrative meaning ‘so many [stadia]’; elliptical predicate of distance. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 19 Ὀρνεάς | case | high | |
| 19 | Ὀρνεάς | Ὀρνεαί | PROPN | NF-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 17 τοσαῦτα | obl | high | Destination of the second distance phrase. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
Λυρκείας μὲν δὴ πόλεως, ἅτε ἠρημωμένης ἤδη κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλήνων στρατείαν ἐπὶ Ἴλιον, οὐκ ἐποιήσατο Ὅμηρος ἐν καταλόγῳ μνήμην·
Λυρκείας πόλεως is a genitive topic/point of reference; ἅτε introduces a causal-concessive circumstantial participial clause, with ἠρημωμένης agreeing with πόλεως. ἐποιήσατο takes μνήμην as object; Ὅμηρος is the subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λυρκείας | Λυρκεία | PROPN | N--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλεως | nmod | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 17 ἐποιήσατο | discourse | high | Correlative particle; no explicit δέ in this sentence. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 17 ἐποιήσατο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 μνήμην | nmod | medium | Genitive topic/point of reference with μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 πόλεως | punct | high | |
| 6 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | C----- | _ | 7 ἠρημωμένης | mark | high | |
| 7 | ἠρημωμένης | ἐρημόω | VERB | V-RMP-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 πόλεως | acl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with πόλεως. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D--------- | _ | 7 ἠρημωμένης | advmod | high | |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 στρατείαν | case | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 στρατείαν | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N--G-P--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 στρατείαν | nmod | high | |
| 12 | στρατείαν | στρατεία | NOUN | N--A-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἠρημωμένης | obl | high | Object of κατά in the temporal/event expression. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 14 Ἴλιον | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιος | PROPN | N--A-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 στρατείαν | nmod | high | Destination complement of ἐπί, semantically modifying στρατείαν. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high | |
| 16 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | _ | 17 ἐποιήσατο | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle idiom ποιεῖσθαι μνήμην, 'make mention'. |
| 18 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N--N-S--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποιήσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 20 καταλόγῳ | case | high | |
| 20 | καταλόγῳ | κατάλογος | NOUN | N--D-S--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποιήσατο | obl | high | Locative-like prepositional phrase: in the catalogue. |
| 21 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N--A-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high |