Grammar parses for passage 2.25.7
Open translation for this passage
ἐρχομένοις δὲ ἐξ Ἄργους ἐς τὴν Ἐπιδαυρίαν ἐστὶν οἰκοδόμημα ἐν δεξιᾷ πυραμίδι μάλιστα εἰκασμένον, ἔχει δὲ ἀσπίδας σχῆμα Ἀργολικὰς ἐπειργασμένας.
The sentence has an existential construction: ἐρχομένοις is a dative participial adjunct referring to travelers, οἰκοδόμημα is the subject of ἐστίν, and the second clause has ἔχει with ἀσπίδας as object and σχῆμα as a predicative accusative; πυραμίδι is instrumental/comparative with εἰκασμένον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐρχομένοις | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἐστὶν | advcl | medium | Dative present middle participle, substantivally referring to those coming; semantically circumstantial. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Ἄργους | case | high | |
| 4 | Ἄργους | Ἄργος | PROPN | N- GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐρχομένοις | obl | high | Object of ἐξ. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Ἐπιδαυρίαν | case | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἐπιδαυρίαν | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἐπιδαυρίαν | Ἐπιδαυρία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐρχομένοις | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 8 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | οἰκοδόμημα | οἰκοδόμημα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Postposed existential subject. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 11 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | NOUN | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, 'on the right'. |
| 12 | πυραμίδι | πυραμίς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 εἰκασμένον | obl | medium | Dative of comparison or means with εἰκασμένον: resembling a pyramid. |
| 13 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV | Degree=Sup | 14 εἰκασμένον | advmod | high | |
| 14 | εἰκασμένον | ἐικάζω | VERB | V-RPP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 οἰκοδόμημα | acl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with οἰκοδόμημα. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 8 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinates a second predication about the building. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἀσπίδας | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 19 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἔχει | nsubj | low | Form is nominative; likely predicative/elliptical construction with ἀσπίδας, though a textual or syntactic irregularity is possible. |
| 20 | Ἀργολικὰς | Ἀργολικός | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἀσπίδας | amod | high | |
| 21 | ἐπειργασμένας | ἐπεργάζομαι | VERB | V-RPP-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 18 ἀσπίδας | acl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with ἀσπίδας. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 8 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα Προίτῳ περὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς πρὸς Ἀκρίσιον μάχη γίνεται, καὶ τέλος μὲν ἴσον τῷ ἀγῶνι συμβῆναί φασι καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ διαλλαγὰς ὕστερον, ὡς οὐδέτεροι βεβαίως κρατεῖν ἐδύναντο· συμβάλλειν δὲ σφᾶς λέγουσιν ἀσπίσι πρῶτον τότε καὶ αὐτοὺς καὶ τὸ στράτευμα ὡπλισμένους.
The infinitive συμβῆναι is governed by φασι, with coordinated accusative subjects τέλος/διαλλαγάς understood from the narrative construction; the final accusative participle ὡπλισμένους is coordinated semantically with αὐτούς and τὸ στράτευμα despite overt masculine plural agreement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 9 γίνεται | advmod | high | |
| 2 | Προίτῳ | Προῖτος | PROPN | Ne-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 μάχη | obl | high | Dative of association/reference. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀρχῆς | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μάχη | obl | high | |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἀκρίσιον | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἀκρίσιον | Ἀκρίσιος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 μάχη | obl | high | |
| 8 | μάχη | μάχη | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γίνεται | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | γίνεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3spie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 γίνεται | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 φασι | cc | high | |
| 12 | τέλος | τέλος | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 συμβῆναί | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative/nominal adverb, 'finally'. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 17 συμβῆναί | discourse | high | |
| 14 | ἴσον | ἴσος | ADJ | A-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 συμβῆναί | advmod | medium | Predicative/adverbial, agreeing with implicit τέλος or used adverbially. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 ἀγῶνι | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀγῶνι | ἀγών | NOUN | N-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἴσον | obl | medium | Dative of comparison with ἴσον. |
| 17 | συμβῆναί | συμβαίνω | VERB | V--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 φασι | ccomp | high | |
| 18 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 γίνεται | conj | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 διαλλαγὰς | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 αὐτοῦ | case | high | |
| 21 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 22 διαλλαγὰς | obl | high | Refers to the contest/battle. |
| 22 | διαλλαγὰς | διαλλαγή | NOUN | N-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 συμβῆναί | conj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of συμβῆναι. |
| 23 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 διαλλαγὰς | advmod | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 φασι | punct | high | |
| 25 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 29 ἐδύναντο | mark | medium | Explanatory/causal clause. |
| 26 | οὐδέτεροι | οὐδέτερος | PRON | P-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 29 ἐδύναντο | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | βεβαίως | βεβαίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 28 κρατεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 28 | κρατεῖν | κρατέω | VERB | V--pan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 29 ἐδύναντο | xcomp | high | |
| 29 | ἐδύναντο | δύναμαι | VERB | V3piie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 17 συμβῆναί | advcl | high | |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 γίνεται | punct | high | |
| 31 | συμβάλλειν | συμβάλλω | VERB | V--pan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 34 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 34 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 33 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 31 συμβάλλειν | obj | high | Reflexive accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 34 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 γίνεται | conj | high | |
| 35 | ἀσπίσι | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 31 συμβάλλειν | obl | medium | Instrumental dative, 'with shields'. |
| 36 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 31 συμβάλλειν | advmod | high | Adverbial superlative. |
| 37 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 31 συμβάλλειν | advmod | high | |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 αὐτοὺς | cc | high | |
| 39 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 43 ὡπλισμένους | conj | high | Coordinated accusative predicate/subject complement with τὸ στράτευμα. |
| 40 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 42 στράτευμα | cc | high | |
| 41 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-s---nn- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 42 στράτευμα | det | high | |
| 42 | στράτευμα | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 αὐτοὺς | conj | high | Coordinated accusative predicate/subject complement. |
| 43 | ὡπλισμένους | ὁπλίζω | VERB | V-prpama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 31 συμβάλλειν | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with αὐτούς; στράτευμα is coordinated but mismatched in gender, likely understood with separate agreement/zeugma. |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
τοῖς δὲ πεσοῦσιν ἀφʼ ἑκατέρων--- πολῖται γὰρ καὶ συγγενεῖς ἦσαν---ἐποιήθη ταύτῃ μνῆμα ἐν κοινῷ.
The dative participial phrase τοῖς πεσοῦσιν is the recipient/affected group of ἐποιήθη; πεσοῦσιν is substantivized and modified by ἀφʼ ἑκατέρων. The parenthetical clause identifies them as citizens and relatives. ταύτῃ is an adverbial dative meaning ‘there/in this place’; μνῆμα is the neuter passive subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T----DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 πεσοῦσιν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | cc | high | |
| 3 | πεσοῦσιν | πίπτω | VERB | VPAPDPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἐποιήθη | iobj | high | Substantivized participle: ‘those who fell’. |
| 4 | ἀφʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἑκατέρων | case | high | |
| 5 | ἑκατέρων | ἑκάτερος | ADJ | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 πεσοῦσιν | obl | high | Substantivized genitive after ἀπό: ‘from each side’. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 9 | πολῖται | πολίτης | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative in the parenthetical clause. |
| 10 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 συγγενεῖς | cc | high | |
| 12 | συγγενεῖς | συγγενής | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πολῖται | conj | high | Coordinated predicate adjective/substantive. |
| 13 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | VHPI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 πεσοῦσιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause. |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 17 | ἐποιήθη | ποιέω | VERB | VAPI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive: ‘a monument was made’. |
| 18 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | RD--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποιήθη | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, likely ‘there/in this place’; feminine form may agree elliptically with χώρα/γῇ. |
| 19 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποιήθη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 κοινῷ | case | high | |
| 21 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A--DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποιήθη | obl | high | Substantivized/elliptical: ‘in common’. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποιήθη | punct | high |