Grammar parses for passage 2.26.1
Open translation for this passage
κατὰ δὲ τὴν Λῆσσαν ἔχεται τῆς Ἀργείας ἡ Ἐπιδαυρίων·
The construction ἡ Ἐπιδαυρίων is an elliptical/substantivized ethnic expression; the parser treats it as the subject of ἔχεται, while τῆς Ἀργείας is its genitive complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 4 Λῆσσαν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative Λῆσσαν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἔχεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Λῆσσαν | det | high | Article modifying Λῆσσαν. |
| 4 | Λῆσσαν | Λῆσσα | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχεται | obl | high | Place name in the accusative after κατά. |
| 5 | ἔχεται | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Middle/passive-form verb; construed here with a genitive complement and subject ἡ Ἐπιδαυρίων. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀργείας | det | high | Article modifying Ἀργείας. |
| 7 | Ἀργείας | Ἀργεία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχεται | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἔχεται, denoting relation or extent. |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἐπιδαυρίων | det | high | Article introducing the substantivized genitive plural form. |
| 9 | Ἐπιδαυρίων | Ἐπιδαύριος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχεται | nsubj | medium | Genitive plural ethnic substantivized with ἡ; syntax and agreement are idiomatic/elliptical. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχεται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
πρὶν δὲ ἢ κατʼ αὐτὴν γενέσθαι τὴν πόλιν, ἐπὶ τὸ ἱερὸν ἀφίξῃ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ.
The protasis πρὶν ἢ κατʼ αὐτὴν γενέσθαι τὴν πόλιν is an infinitival temporal clause; ἀφίξῃ is second-person singular aorist subjunctive, with the subject understood from context. The form ἐπὶ τὸ ἱερόν is taken as goal adjunct, and τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ modifies ἱερόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 13 ἀφίξῃ | mark | high | Temporal subordinator introducing the infinitival clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | PTCL | _ | 13 ἀφίξῃ | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | mark | medium | Part of the temporal construction πρὶν ἢ + infinitive. |
| 4 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 αὐτὴν | case | high | Elided κατά governing the accusative pronoun. |
| 5 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | PRAA-S3F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 γενέσθαι | obl | medium | Accusative governed by κατά; likely refers to the city. |
| 6 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 13 ἀφίξῃ | advcl | high | Aorist middle infinitive in the temporal clause. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-FSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πόλιν | det | high | Article modifying πόλιν. |
| 8 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-FSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίξῃ | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ἱερὸν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative goal phrase. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἱερὸν | det | high | Article modifying ἱερόν. |
| 12 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφίξῃ | obl | high | Accusative goal complement of ἀφίξῃ. |
| 13 | ἀφίξῃ | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2AAS-2S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second-person singular aorist subjunctive; subject is implicit. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἀσκληπιοῦ | det | high | Article modifying the divine name. |
| 15 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν: temple of Asclepius. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφίξῃ | punct | high |
ταύτην τὴν χώραν οὐκ οἶδα οἵτινες πρότερον ᾤκησαν πρὶν Ἐπίδαυρον ἐλθεῖν ἐς αὐτήν·
The sentence has οἶδα as the matrix root with ταύτην τὴν χώραν as its object; οἵτινες ᾤκησαν is an embedded interrogative/relative clause, and πρὶν Ἐπίδαυρον ἐλθεῖν ἐς αὐτήν is a temporal πρίν-clause with an articular-less infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | Pd | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 χώραν | det | high | |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Td | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 χώραν | det | high | |
| 3 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 οἶδα | obj | high | |
| 4 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 5 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 5 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RPAI1S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect in form, conventionally present in meaning. |
| 6 | οἵτινες | ὅστις | PRON | P-----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 ᾤκησαν | nsubj | medium | Introduces an embedded indirect question or indefinite relative clause. |
| 7 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | A-S---NC- | Degree=Cmp | 8 ᾤκησαν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ᾤκησαν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 5 οἶδα | ccomp | high | Aorist indicative. |
| 9 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐλθεῖν | mark | high | Temporal conjunction introducing the infinitival clause. |
| 10 | Ἐπίδαυρον | Ἐπίδαυρος | PROPN | Ne----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐλθεῖν | obj | high | Accusative with the infinitive. |
| 11 | ἐλθεῖν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ᾤκησαν | advcl | high | Infinitive under πρίν; understood subject is Ἐπίδαυρον. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 αὐτήν | case | high | |
| 13 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | P-----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 11 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | Object of ἐς; refers to χώραν. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 οἶδα | punct | high |
οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ τοὺς ἀπογόνους Ἐπιδαύρου πυθέσθαι παρὰ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἐδυνάμην.
Infinitive πυθέσθαι is the complement of ἐδυνάμην; τοὺς ἀπογόνους is its accusative subject/object-like argument, with Ἐπιδαύρου as dependent genitive. παρὰ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων means ‘from the locals’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D- | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἐδυνάμην | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μὴν | μήν | PART | X | _ | 11 ἐδυνάμην | discourse | high | Adversative/continuative particle. |
| 3 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C-C | Polarity=Neg | 7 πυθέσθαι | cc | high | Correlates with the preceding οὐ μὴν and adds emphasis. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπογόνους | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀπογόνους | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-A-M-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πυθέσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative associated with the complementary infinitive; semantically the persons about whom knowledge is sought. |
| 6 | Ἐπιδαύρου | Ἐπίδαυρος | PROPN | N-A-M-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπογόνους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀπογόνους. |
| 7 | πυθέσθαι | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-NAMM-P | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 ἐδυνάμην | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, complement of ἐδυνάμην. |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 10 ἐπιχωρίων | case | high | |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-G-M-P | substantivized=Yes|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πυθέσθαι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective: ‘the locals’; παρὰ governs the genitive here. |
| 11 | ἐδυνάμην | δύναμαι | VERB | V-IAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐδυνάμην | punct | high |
τελευταῖον δὲ πρὶν ἢ παραγενέσθαι Δωριέας ἐς Πελοπόννησον βασιλεῦσαί φασι Πιτυρέα Ἴωνος ἀπόγονον τοῦ Ξούθου.
The sentence has two infinitival structures: temporal πρὶν ἢ παραγενέσθαι with accusative subject Δωριέας, and reported βασιλεῦσαι with accusative subject Πιτυρέα; ἀπόγονον Ἴωνος τοῦ Ξούθου is an appositional genealogy.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τελευταῖον | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 φασι | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘finally/last’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 φασι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 5 παραγενέσθαι | mark | high | Temporal subordinator with infinitive. |
| 4 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 παραγενέσθαι | cc | medium | Correlative/alternative particle in the construction πρὶν ἢ παραγενέσθαι. |
| 5 | παραγενέσθαι | παραγίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 10 φασι | advcl | high | Aorist middle infinitive in temporal clause. |
| 6 | Δωριέας | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 παραγενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 8 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 8 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 παραγενέσθαι | obl | high | Goal/destination of παραγενέσθαι. |
| 9 | βασιλεῦσαί | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 φασι | xcomp | high | Aorist active infinitive, complementary to φασι. |
| 10 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix reporting verb. |
| 11 | Πιτυρέα | Πιτυρεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεῦσαί | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive βασιλεῦσαι under accusative-and-infinitive. |
| 12 | Ἴωνος | Ἴων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπόγονον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀπόγονον. |
| 13 | ἀπόγονον | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Πιτυρέα | appos | high | Appositional description of Πιτυρέα. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ξούθου | det | high | Article with Ξούθου. |
| 15 | Ξούθου | Ξοῦθος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἴωνος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Ἴωνος. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φασι | punct | high |
τοῦτον παραδοῦναι λέγουσιν ἀμαχεὶ τὴν γῆν Δηιφόντῃ καὶ Ἀργείοις·
λέγουσιν takes an accusative-and-infinitive complement; παραδοῦναι governs τοῦτον as object, τὴν γῆν as the thing handed over, and coordinated dative recipients Δηιφόντῃ καὶ Ἀργείοις.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 παραδοῦναι | obj | high | |
| 2 | παραδοῦναι | παραδίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Accusative-and-infinitive complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 3 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ἀμαχεὶ | ἀμαχεί | ADV | ADV | _ | 2 παραδοῦναι | advmod | medium | Adverbial form meaning without a fight; accentuation/lemma normalization is somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 γῆν | det | high | |
| 6 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 παραδοῦναι | obj | high | |
| 7 | Δηιφόντῃ | Δηιφόντης | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 παραδοῦναι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Ἀργείοις | cc | high | |
| 9 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Δηιφόντῃ | conj | high | Coordinated dative with Δηιφόντῃ. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 λέγουσιν | punct | high |