Grammar parses for passage 2.27.4
Open translation for this passage
γέγραπται δὲ φωνῇ τῇ Δωρίδι.
Impersonal perfect passive γέγραπται governs the dative of means φωνῇ, modified by the article and the adjective Δωρίδι; δέ is a coordinating connective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal perfect passive, ‘it has been written’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | φωνῇ | φωνή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 1 γέγραπται | obl | high | Dative of means or manner: ‘in/by a voice or dialect’. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 3 φωνῇ | det | high | Article agreeing with φωνῇ. |
| 5 | Δωρίδι | Δωρίς | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 3 φωνῇ | amod | high | Adjectival form ‘Doric’, agreeing with φωνῇ. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high |
ταύτης τῆς στήλης τῷ ἐπιγράμματι ὁμολογοῦντα λέγουσιν Ἀρικιεῖς, ὡς τεθνεῶτα Ἱππόλυτον ἐκ τῶν Θησέως ἀρῶν ἀνέστησεν Ἀσκληπιός·
The participle ὁμολογοῦντα agrees with the accusative understood object of λέγουσιν and introduces the inscription's claim; ὡς introduces the reported content, with τεθνεῶτα and Ἱππόλυτον as the accusative subject/object-like constituent of the infinitival claim, while Ἀσκληπιός is the nominative agent of ἀνέστησεν. The exact attachment of ὁμολογοῦντα is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτης | οὗτος | DET | PD-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 στήλης | det | high | |
| 2 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 στήλης | det | high | |
| 3 | στήλης | στήλη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπιγράμματι | nmod | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἐπιγράμματι | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐπιγράμματι | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὁμολογοῦντα | obl | high | Dative of agreement/reference with ὁμολογοῦντα. |
| 6 | ὁμολογοῦντα | ὁμολογέω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 λέγουσιν | xcomp | medium | Accusative masculine singular participle, likely predicative/secondary predicate with an elliptical accusative referent under λέγουσιν. |
| 7 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | Ἀρικιεῖς | Ἀρικιεῖς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name, nominative plural. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 17 ἀνέστησεν | mark | high | Introduces the reported proposition. |
| 11 | τεθνεῶτα | θνῄσκω | VERB | V-RAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἀνέστησεν | advcl | medium | Accusative perfect participle, functioning as a predicative constituent with Ἱππόλυτον in the ὡς-clause. |
| 12 | Ἱππόλυτον | Ἱππόλυτος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 τεθνεῶτα | obj | medium | Accusative subject-like argument of the participial reported proposition; syntactically coordinated with the resultative predicate. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-G | _ | 16 ἀρῶν | case | high | |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ἀρῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀρῶν | nmod | high | |
| 16 | ἀρῶν | ἀρά | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ἀνέστησεν | obl | high | Source/cause phrase: 'from the curses of Theseus'. |
| 17 | ἀνέστησεν | ἀνίστημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the content clause governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 18 | Ἀσκληπιός | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀνέστησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ὡς αὖθις ἐβίω, οὐκ ἠξίου νέμειν τῷ πατρὶ συγγνώμην, ἀλλὰ ὑπεριδὼν τὰς δεήσεις ἐς Ἰταλίαν ἔρχεται παρὰ τοὺς Ἀρικιεῖς, καὶ ἐβασίλευσέ τε αὐτόθι καὶ ἀνῆκε τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι τέμενος, ἔνθα ἄχρι ἐμοῦ μονομαχίας ἆθλα ἦν καὶ ἱερᾶσθαι τῇ θεῷ τὸν νικῶντα·
The opening ὡς-clause is temporal (‘when he lived again’); ἠξίου governs the infinitive νέμειν with dative τῷ πατρὶ and accusative συγγνώμην. ὑπεριδών is a concessive/temporal participle with δεήσεις as object. In the final clause, ἔνθα introduces the description of the institution: ἆθλα were held, with τὸν νικῶντα as accusative subject of the infinitive ἱερᾶσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἠξίου | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἠξίου | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐβίω | mark | medium | Temporal/conjunctional ὡς. |
| 4 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐβίω | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐβίω | βιόω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἠξίου | advcl | high | Aorist of ἐμβιόω/βιόω in the temporal clause. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 5 ἐβίω | punct | high | |
| 7 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 8 ἠξίου | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἠξίου | ἀξιόω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 20 ἔρχεται | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with ἔρχεται. |
| 9 | νέμειν | νέμω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἠξίου | xcomp | high | |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πατρὶ | det | high | |
| 11 | πατρὶ | πατήρ | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 νέμειν | iobj | high | |
| 12 | συγγνώμην | συγγνώμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 νέμειν | obj | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 8 ἠξίου | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἔρχεται | cc | high | |
| 15 | ὑπεριδὼν | ὑπεροράω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 ἔρχεται | advcl | high | Concessive/temporal participle; subject is the implicit subject of ἔρχεται. |
| 16 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 δεήσεις | det | high | |
| 17 | δεήσεις | δέησις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ὑπεριδὼν | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ἰταλίαν | case | high | |
| 19 | Ἰταλίαν | Ἰταλία | PROPN | NeASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἔρχεται | obl | high | |
| 20 | ἔρχεται | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 21 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Ἀρικιεῖς | case | high | With accusative, ‘to/among’. |
| 22 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 Ἀρικιεῖς | det | high | |
| 23 | Ἀρικιεῖς | Ἀρικιεῖς | PROPN | NeAPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἔρχεται | obl | medium | Ethnic name; inflection/lemma uncertain. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 23 Ἀρικιεῖς | punct | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 ἐβασίλευσέ | cc | high | |
| 26 | ἐβασίλευσέ | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 ἔρχεται | conj | high | |
| 27 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 ἐβασίλευσέ | cc | high | |
| 28 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 26 ἐβασίλευσέ | advmod | high | |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 30 ἀνῆκε | cc | high | |
| 30 | ἀνῆκε | ἀνίημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 ἐβασίλευσέ | conj | high | |
| 31 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 Ἀρτέμιδι | det | high | |
| 32 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | NeDSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἀνῆκε | iobj | high | |
| 33 | τέμενος | τέμενος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἀνῆκε | obj | high | |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 30 ἀνῆκε | punct | high | |
| 35 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 40 ἦν | advmod | high | Locative/relative adverb introducing the following description. |
| 36 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | R-------- | _ | 37 ἐμοῦ | case | high | |
| 37 | ἐμοῦ | ἐγώ | PRON | P1-GSM | Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 40 ἦν | obl | high | Genitive of temporal limit. |
| 38 | μονομαχίας | μονομαχία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ἆθλα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἆθλα, ‘prizes of single combat’. |
| 39 | ἆθλα | ἆθλον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 40 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 40 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 20 ἔρχεται | parataxis | medium | Impersonal/existential continuation under ἔνθα; agreement is with neuter plural collective subject. |
| 41 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 42 ἱερᾶσθαι | cc | high | |
| 42 | ἱερᾶσθαι | ἱεράω | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 40 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated with the nominal predicate/description; ‘the victor to be consecrated’. |
| 43 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 44 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 ἱερᾶσθαι | obl | high | |
| 45 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 46 νικῶντα | det | high | |
| 46 | νικῶντα | νικάω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 42 ἱερᾶσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἱερᾶσθαι. |
| 47 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 20 ἔρχεται | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ἀγὼν ἐλευθέρων μὲν προέκειτο οὐδενί, οἰκέταις δὲ ἀποδρᾶσι τοὺς δεσπότας.
The first clause means the contest was not open to any free person; the second elliptic clause supplies προέκειτο for runaway slaves, with ἀποδρᾶσι agreeing with οἰκέταις and τοὺς δεσπότας as its object. The form ἀποδρᾶσι is morphologically ambiguous in isolation but is here dative plural participial/adjectival in sense.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἀγὼν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 6 προέκειτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀγὼν | ἀγών | NOUN | N--SMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 προέκειτο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐλευθέρων | ἐλεύθερος | ADJ | A--GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 οὐδενί | nmod | medium | Substantivized genitive plural, ‘of free persons’; gender may be generic. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G---- | _ | 6 προέκειτο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with following δέ. |
| 6 | προέκειτο | πρόκειμαι | VERB | V3SIIM | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect middle/deponent. |
| 7 | οὐδενί | οὐδείς | PRON | P--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 6 προέκειτο | iobj | high | Dative of reference/eligibility, ‘to no one’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 προέκειτο | punct | high | |
| 9 | οἰκέταις | οἰκέτης | NOUN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 προέκειτο | iobj | medium | Dative of reference in the elliptic second member. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 6 προέκειτο | cc | high | Postpositive member of μέν...δέ. |
| 11 | ἀποδρᾶσι | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | V--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 οἰκέταις | amod | low | Parsed as dative masculine plural present active participle, ‘fleeing’; spelling/form is uncertain and may represent a substantivized form. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 δεσπότας | det | high | |
| 13 | δεσπότας | δεσπότης | NOUN | N--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀποδρᾶσι | obj | high | Object of the participial notion ‘fleeing from’. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 προέκειτο | punct | high |