Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 2.27.5

← 2.27.42.27.6 →

Passage 2.27.5

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
90Greek tokens
3,113input tokens
6,771output tokens
Sentence 1

2.27.5 sentence 1

Tokens
13
Input
688
Output
1,011
Total
1,699

Ἐπιδαυρίοις δέ ἐστι θέατρον ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ μάλιστα ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν θέας ἄξιον·

The copular clause has θέατρον as subject and ἄξιον as predicate adjective; ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is an idiomatic parenthetical/inferential dative-plus-infinitive construction, with μάλιστα modifying δοκεῖν.

punct xcomp obl iobj case advmod advcl cc nsubj det iobj obl root 1 Ἐπιδαυρίοις Ἐπιδαύριος / PROPN 2 δέ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 4 θέατρον θέατρον / NOUN 5 ἐν ἐν / ADP 6 τῷ ὁ / DET 7 ἱερῷ ἱερόν / NOUN 8 μάλιστα μάλιστα / ADV 9 ἐμοὶ ἐγώ / PRON 10 δοκεῖν δοκέω / VERB 11 θέας θέα / NOUN 12 ἄξιον ἄξιος / ADJ 13 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἘπιδαυρίοιςἘπιδαύριοςPROPNA-DatPlCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prop|Number=Plur3 ἐστιiobjhighDative of possession/reference with ἐστι: 'for the Epidaurians'.
2δέδέCCONJC||||||||_3 ἐστιcchigh
3ἐστιεἰμίAUXV3SPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular verb.
4θέατρονθέατρονNOUNN-ASN----Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 ἐστιnsubjhigh
5ἐνἐνADPR--------_7 ἱερῷcasehigh
6τῷDETL-DSN----Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἱερῷdethigh
7ἱερῷἱερόνNOUNN-DSN----Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 ἐστιoblhighPlace adjunct: 'in the sanctuary'.
8μάλισταμάλισταADVD--------Degree=Sup10 δοκεῖνadvmodhigh
9ἐμοὶἐγώPRONP-1DS----Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs10 δοκεῖνiobjhighDative experiencer with δοκεῖν.
10δοκεῖνδοκέωVERBV--PAN----Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act12 ἄξιονadvclmediumParenthetical infinitive, governed semantically by the speaker's judgment; attachment to ἄξιον is also possible.
11θέαςθέαNOUNN-GSF----Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 ἄξιονoblhighGenitive of value/association with ἄξιον: 'worth seeing'.
12ἄξιονἄξιοςADJA-NSN----Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 ἐστιxcomphighPredicate adjective agreeing with θέατρον; δοκεῖν is parenthetical.
13··PUNCT__3 ἐστιpuncthigh
Sentence 2

2.27.5 sentence 2

Tokens
38
Input
933
Output
2,789
Total
3,722

τὰ μὲν γὰρ Ῥωμαίων πολὺ δή τι καὶ ὑπερῆρ κ ε τῶν πανταχοῦ τῷ κόσμῳ, μεγέθει δὲ Ἀρκάδων τὸ ἐν Μεγάλῃ πόλει· ἁρμονίας δὲ ἢ κάλλους ἕνεκα ἀρχιτέκτων ποῖος ἐς ἅμιλλαν Πολυκλείτῳ γένοιτʼ ἂν ἀξιόχρεως;

Tokenization splits the printed form ὑπερήρκε into ὑπερῆρ + κ + ε; the three tokens are analyzed together as the perfect verb ὑπεραρκέω. The first clause is an elliptical comparison: τὰ ... [ὑπερῆρκε] ... τῶν ...; the second has μεγέθει as a dative of respect and τὸ ἐν Μεγάλῃ πόλει as the subject of an elliptical comparison. In the question, ποῖος ἀρχιτέκτων is the subject of γένοιτʼ ἂν, with ἀξιόχρεως predicative and Πολυκλείτῳ as dative of comparison.

discourse punct obl obl det advmod advmod punct nmod nsubj discourse discourse advmod obl nmod obl punct discourse advmod fixed cc case cc obl xcomp nmod fixed det det nmod amod conj compound case aux root root root 1 τὰ ὁ / DET 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 γὰρ γάρ / PART 4 Ῥωμαίων Ῥωμαῖος / PROPN 5 πολὺ πολύς / ADV 6 δή δή / PART 7 τι τις / PRON 8 καὶ καί / CCONJ 9 ὑπερῆρ ὑπεραρκέω / VERB 10 κ ὑπεραρκέω / X 11 ε ὑπεραρκέω / X 12 τῶν ὁ / DET 13 πανταχοῦ πανταχοῦ / ADV 14 τῷ ὁ / DET 15 κόσμῳ κόσμος / NOUN 16 , , / PUNCT 17 μεγέθει μέγεθος / NOUN 18 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 19 Ἀρκάδων Ἀρκάς / PROPN 20 τὸ ὁ / DET 21 ἐν ἐν / ADP 22 Μεγάλῃ μέγας / ADJ 23 πόλει πόλις / NOUN 24 · · / PUNCT 25 ἁρμονίας ἁρμονία / NOUN 26 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 27 ἤ / CCONJ 28 κάλλους κάλλος / NOUN 29 ἕνεκα ἕνεκα / ADP 30 ἀρχιτέκτων ἀρχιτέκτων / NOUN 31 ποῖος ποῖος / DET 32 ἐς εἰς / ADP 33 ἅμιλλαν ἅμιλλα / NOUN 34 Πολυκλείτῳ Πολύκλειτος / PROPN 35 γένοιτʼ γίγνομαι / VERB 36 ἂν ἄν / PART 37 ἀξιόχρεως ἀξιόχρεως / ADJ 38 ; ; / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὰDETarticle-acc-pl-neutCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur5 πολὺdethigh
2μὲνμένPARTpart_5 πολὺdiscoursehighCorrelative μέν; δέ appears at token 18.
3γὰργάρPARTpart_5 πολὺdiscoursehigh
4ῬωμαίωνῬωμαῖοςPROPNnoun-gen-plCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 πολὺnmodhighPartitive/genitive of reference with τὰ.
5πολὺπολύςADVadj-acc-sg-neutCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing9 ὑπερῆρadvmodmediumAdverbial accusative, modifying the comparative verb.
6δήδήPARTpart_9 ὑπερῆρdiscoursehigh
7τιτιςPRONpron-acc-sg-neutCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind5 πολὺadvmodmediumIndefinite/adverbial τι, reinforcing degree.
8καὶκαίCCONJconj_5 πολὺadvmodmediumAdverbial καί ('also/even'), not simple coordination.
9ὑπερῆρὑπεραρκέωVERBverb-perf-act-3sgMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act0 ROOTrootmediumFirst segment of split ὑπερήρκε; finite verb governs κ and ε as orthographic fragments.
10κὑπεραρκέωXorthographic-fragment_9 ὑπερῆρfixedhighTokenization fragment of ὑπερήρκε.
11εὑπεραρκέωXorthographic-fragment_9 ὑπερῆρfixedhighTokenization fragment of ὑπερήρκε.
12τῶνDETarticle-gen-pl-neutCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur13 πανταχοῦdethigh
13πανταχοῦπανταχοῦADVadv_9 ὑπερῆρadvmodhighAdverbial, modifying the comparison.
14τῷDETarticle-dat-sg-mascCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 κόσμῳdethigh
15κόσμῳκόσμοςNOUNnoun-dat-sg-mascCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ὑπερῆρoblhighDative of respect/realm: 'in the whole world'.
16,,PUNCT__9 ὑπερῆρpuncthigh
17μεγέθειμέγεθοςNOUNnoun-dat-sg-neutCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing20 τὸoblhighDative of respect: 'in size'.
18δὲδέCCONJconj_20 τὸcchighConnects the second elliptical comparison.
19ἈρκάδωνἈρκάςPROPNnoun-gen-plCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur20 τὸnmodhighGenitive of comparison/reference.
20τὸDETarticle-nom-sg-neutCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing0 ROOTrootlowNominalized article, subject of an elliptical clause; punctuation and coordination make attachment to the preceding verb uncertain.
21ἐνἐνADPprep-dat_23 πόλειcasehigh
22ΜεγάλῃμέγαςADJadj-dat-sg-femCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing23 πόλειamodhigh
23πόλειπόλιςNOUNnoun-dat-sg-femCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 τὸnmodhighPlace phrase modifying the nominalized τὸ.
24··PUNCT__20 τὸpuncthigh
25ἁρμονίαςἁρμονίαNOUNnoun-gen-sg-femCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing29 ἕνεκαnmodhighGenitive with ἕνεκα.
26δὲδέCCONJconj_35 γένοιτʼdiscoursehighTransition to the rhetorical question.
27CCONJconj_29 ἕνεκαcchighCoordinates ἁρμονίας and κάλλους.
28κάλλουςκάλλοςNOUNnoun-gen-sg-neutCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing29 ἕνεκαconjhighGenitive with ἕνεκα.
29ἕνεκαἕνεκαADPpostposition-gen_35 γένοιτʼoblhighPostposition governing the preceding genitives.
30ἀρχιτέκτωνἀρχιτέκτωνNOUNnoun-nom-sg-mascCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing31 ποῖοςcompoundhighAppositional noun with ποῖος.
31ποῖοςποῖοςDETadj-nom-sg-mascCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int35 γένοιτʼnsubjhighInterrogative determiner functioning adjectivally with ἀρχιτέκτων.
32ἐςεἰςADPprep-acc_33 ἅμιλλανcasehigh
33ἅμιλλανἅμιλλαNOUNnoun-acc-sg-femCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing35 γένοιτʼoblhighGoal/direction phrase: 'into competition'.
34ΠολυκλείτῳΠολύκλειτοςPROPNproper-name-dat-sg-mascCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing37 ἀξιόχρεωςoblhighDative of comparison/contest.
35γένοιτʼγίγνομαιVERBverb-aor-opt-mid-3sgMood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighPotential optative with ἄν; rhetorical question.
36ἂνἄνPARTparticle_35 γένοιτʼauxhighModal particle.
37ἀξιόχρεωςἀξιόχρεωςADJadj-nom-sg-mascCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing35 γένοιτʼxcomphighPredicative complement of γένοιτʼ.
38;;PUNCT__35 γένοιτʼpuncthigh
Sentence 3

2.27.5 sentence 3

Tokens
13
Input
676
Output
1,035
Total
1,711

Πολύκλειτος γὰρ καὶ θέατρον τοῦτο καὶ οἴκημα τὸ περιφερὲς ὁ ποιήσας ἦν.

Copular clause: Πολύκλειτος is the subject and ἦν the root; ποιήσας is a circumstantial/attributive participle agreeing with the subject, while θέατρον and οἴκημα are coordinated predicate nouns, with τοῦτο and τὸ περιφερὲς as their respective modifiers.

nsubj discourse xcomp conj amod cc det cc det det advcl punct root 1 Πολύκλειτος Πολύκλειτος / PROPN 2 γὰρ γάρ / SCONJ 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 θέατρον θέατρον / NOUN 5 τοῦτο οὗτος / PRON 6 καὶ καί / CCONJ 7 οἴκημα οἴκημα / NOUN 8 τὸ ὁ / DET 9 περιφερὲς περιφερής / ADJ 10 ὁ / DET 11 ποιήσας ποιέω / VERB 12 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΠολύκλειτοςΠολύκλειτοςPROPNN--PMS--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἦνnsubjhigh
2γὰργάρSCONJG--------_12 ἦνdiscoursemediumOften tagged SCONJ as a postpositive explanatory connective; relation is discourse-like.
3καὶκαίCCONJC--------_4 θέατρονcchigh
4θέατρονθέατρονNOUNN--ANS--Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing12 ἦνxcompmediumPredicate nominative under ἦν; coordinated with οἴκημα.
5τοῦτοοὗτοςPRONPD----NSN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem4 θέατρονdetmediumDemonstrative modifying or appositional to θέατρον.
6καὶκαίCCONJC--------_7 οἴκημαcchigh
7οἴκημαοἴκημαNOUNN--ANS--Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 θέατρονconjhighSecond coordinated predicate noun.
8τὸDETRA---NSN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art9 περιφερὲςdethigh
9περιφερὲςπεριφερήςADJA--NSN--Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 οἴκημαamodhigh
10DETRA---NMS-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 ποιήσαςdethighArticle with substantivized/attributive participle.
11ποιήσαςποιέωVERBV--AAPNMS-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act12 ἦνadvclmediumAorist active participle, likely circumstantial: ‘the one who made’; may be read attributively with Πολύκλειτος.
12ἦνεἰμίAUXV-I3SIA--Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
13..PUNCT__12 ἦνpuncthigh
Sentence 4

2.27.5 sentence 4

Tokens
26
Input
816
Output
1,936
Total
2,752

ἐντὸς δὲ τοῦ ἄλσους ναός τέ ἐστιν Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ ἄγαλμα Ἠπιόνης καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἱερὸν καὶ Θέμιδος καὶ στάδιον, οἷα Ἕλλησι τὰ πολλὰ γῆς χῶμα,

The sentence has an existential/copular coordination: ναός, ἄγαλμα, ἱερόν, and στάδιον are coordinated subjects/predicative nouns with ἐστιν. οἷα introduces an explanatory comparison: as is generally the case with Greeks, a χωμα (earth mound) of the land; the final construction is somewhat elliptical and οἷα is analyzed as a neuter plural relative/adjectival form with an implied plural referent.

parataxis punct conj conj cc amod obl case obl nmod conj nsubj cc nmod nsubj det cc cc nmod nmod cc cc det nmod punct root 1 ἐντὸς ἐντός / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τοῦ ὁ / DET 4 ἄλσους ἄλσος / NOUN 5 ναός ναός / NOUN 6 τέ τέ / CCONJ 7 ἐστιν εἰμί / VERB 8 Ἀρτέμιδος Ἄρτεμις / PROPN 9 καὶ καί / CCONJ 10 ἄγαλμα ἄγαλμα / NOUN 11 Ἠπιόνης Ἠπιόνη / PROPN 12 καὶ καί / CCONJ 13 Ἀφροδίτης Ἀφροδίτη / PROPN 14 ἱερὸν ἱερόν / NOUN 15 καὶ καί / CCONJ 16 Θέμιδος Θέμις / PROPN 17 καὶ καί / CCONJ 18 στάδιον στάδιον / NOUN 19 , , / PUNCT 20 οἷα οἷος / ADJ 21 Ἕλλησι Ἕλλην / NOUN 22 τὰ ὁ / DET 23 πολλὰ πολύς / ADJ 24 γῆς γῆ / NOUN 25 χῶμα χῶμα / NOUN 26 , , / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐντὸςἐντόςADVADVDegree=Pos4 ἄλσουςcasehighAdverb functioning as a preposition with genitive.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_7 ἐστινcchigh
3τοῦDETT-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 ἄλσουςdethigh
4ἄλσουςἄλσοςNOUNN-GSNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστινoblhighGenitive complement of ἐντός.
5ναόςναόςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐστινnsubjhighFirst coordinated nominative subject of ἐστιν.
6τέτέCCONJCONJ_5 ναόςcchighCorrelative/enclitic coordinator.
7ἐστινεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighExistential/copular verb; singular agrees with the first subject or functions impersonally with coordinated items.
8ἈρτέμιδοςἌρτεμιςPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ναόςnmodhighGenitive dependent on ναός: temple of Artemis.
9καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_10 ἄγαλμαcchigh
10ἄγαλμαἄγαλμαNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστινconjhighSecond coordinated nominative subject.
11ἨπιόνηςἨπιόνηPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ἄγαλμαnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἄγαλμα.
12καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_14 ἱερὸνcchigh
13ἈφροδίτηςἈφροδίτηPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 ἱερὸνnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἱερόν.
14ἱερὸνἱερόνNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστινconjhighThird coordinated nominative subject; substantive neuter adjective/noun.
15καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_16 Θέμιδοςcchigh
16ΘέμιδοςΘέμιςPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 ἱερὸνnmodhighGenitive coordinated with Ἀφροδίτης under ἱερόν: sanctuary of Aphrodite and Themis.
17καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_18 στάδιονcchigh
18στάδιονστάδιονNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστινconjhighFourth coordinated nominative subject.
19,,PUNCT__7 ἐστινpuncthigh
20οἷαοἷοςADJA-NPNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur25 χῶμαamodlowExplanatory/comparative form; syntactically elliptical, with an implied plural neuter referent.
21ἝλλησιἝλληνNOUNN-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur25 χῶμαoblmediumDative of reference or comparison: among/for Greeks.
22τὰDETT-NPNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur23 πολλὰdethighArticle with substantivized πολλὰ.
23πολλὰπολύςADJA-NPNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur25 χῶμαnsubjmediumSubstantivized phrase τὰ πολλὰ, likely ‘for the most part’; relation to final χῶμα is elliptical.
24γῆςγῆNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing25 χῶμαnmodhighGenitive dependent on χῶμα: mound of earth.
25χῶμαχῶμαNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστινparataxislowExplanatory nominal phrase after the comma; exact attachment and ellipsis are uncertain.
26,,PUNCT__25 χῶμαpuncthigh
← 2.27.42.27.6 →