Grammar parses for passage 2.27.5
Open translation for this passage
Ἐπιδαυρίοις δέ ἐστι θέατρον ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ μάλιστα ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν θέας ἄξιον·
The copular clause has θέατρον as subject and ἄξιον as predicate adjective; ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is an idiomatic parenthetical/inferential dative-plus-infinitive construction, with μάλιστα modifying δοκεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἐπιδαυρίοις | Ἐπιδαύριος | PROPN | A-DatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prop|Number=Plur | 3 ἐστι | iobj | high | Dative of possession/reference with ἐστι: 'for the Epidaurians'. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C|||||||| | _ | 3 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb. |
| 4 | θέατρον | θέατρον | NOUN | N-ASN---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἱερῷ | case | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSN---- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερῷ | det | high | |
| 7 | ἱερῷ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-DSN---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστι | obl | high | Place adjunct: 'in the sanctuary'. |
| 8 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 10 δοκεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS---- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 10 δοκεῖν | iobj | high | Dative experiencer with δοκεῖν. |
| 10 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V--PAN---- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 ἄξιον | advcl | medium | Parenthetical infinitive, governed semantically by the speaker's judgment; attachment to ἄξιον is also possible. |
| 11 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | N-GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἄξιον | obl | high | Genitive of value/association with ἄξιον: 'worth seeing'. |
| 12 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-NSN---- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with θέατρον; δοκεῖν is parenthetical. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστι | punct | high |
τὰ μὲν γὰρ Ῥωμαίων πολὺ δή τι καὶ ὑπερῆρ κ ε τῶν πανταχοῦ τῷ κόσμῳ, μεγέθει δὲ Ἀρκάδων τὸ ἐν Μεγάλῃ πόλει· ἁρμονίας δὲ ἢ κάλλους ἕνεκα ἀρχιτέκτων ποῖος ἐς ἅμιλλαν Πολυκλείτῳ γένοιτʼ ἂν ἀξιόχρεως;
Tokenization splits the printed form ὑπερήρκε into ὑπερῆρ + κ + ε; the three tokens are analyzed together as the perfect verb ὑπεραρκέω. The first clause is an elliptical comparison: τὰ ... [ὑπερῆρκε] ... τῶν ...; the second has μεγέθει as a dative of respect and τὸ ἐν Μεγάλῃ πόλει as the subject of an elliptical comparison. In the question, ποῖος ἀρχιτέκτων is the subject of γένοιτʼ ἂν, with ἀξιόχρεως predicative and Πολυκλείτῳ as dative of comparison.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | article-acc-pl-neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πολὺ | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | part | _ | 5 πολὺ | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; δέ appears at token 18. |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | part | _ | 5 πολὺ | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | noun-gen-pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 πολὺ | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive of reference with τὰ. |
| 5 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | adj-acc-sg-neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ὑπερῆρ | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, modifying the comparative verb. |
| 6 | δή | δή | PART | part | _ | 9 ὑπερῆρ | discourse | high | |
| 7 | τι | τις | PRON | pron-acc-sg-neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 5 πολὺ | advmod | medium | Indefinite/adverbial τι, reinforcing degree. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 5 πολὺ | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί ('also/even'), not simple coordination. |
| 9 | ὑπερῆρ | ὑπεραρκέω | VERB | verb-perf-act-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First segment of split ὑπερήρκε; finite verb governs κ and ε as orthographic fragments. |
| 10 | κ | ὑπεραρκέω | X | orthographic-fragment | _ | 9 ὑπερῆρ | fixed | high | Tokenization fragment of ὑπερήρκε. |
| 11 | ε | ὑπεραρκέω | X | orthographic-fragment | _ | 9 ὑπερῆρ | fixed | high | Tokenization fragment of ὑπερήρκε. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | article-gen-pl-neut | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 πανταχοῦ | det | high | |
| 13 | πανταχοῦ | πανταχοῦ | ADV | adv | _ | 9 ὑπερῆρ | advmod | high | Adverbial, modifying the comparison. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | article-dat-sg-masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 κόσμῳ | det | high | |
| 15 | κόσμῳ | κόσμος | NOUN | noun-dat-sg-masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὑπερῆρ | obl | high | Dative of respect/realm: 'in the whole world'. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ὑπερῆρ | punct | high | |
| 17 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | noun-dat-sg-neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 τὸ | obl | high | Dative of respect: 'in size'. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 20 τὸ | cc | high | Connects the second elliptical comparison. |
| 19 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | noun-gen-pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 τὸ | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison/reference. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | article-nom-sg-neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | low | Nominalized article, subject of an elliptical clause; punctuation and coordination make attachment to the preceding verb uncertain. |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | prep-dat | _ | 23 πόλει | case | high | |
| 22 | Μεγάλῃ | μέγας | ADJ | adj-dat-sg-fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 πόλει | amod | high | |
| 23 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | noun-dat-sg-fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 τὸ | nmod | high | Place phrase modifying the nominalized τὸ. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 τὸ | punct | high | |
| 25 | ἁρμονίας | ἁρμονία | NOUN | noun-gen-sg-fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἕνεκα | nmod | high | Genitive with ἕνεκα. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 35 γένοιτʼ | discourse | high | Transition to the rhetorical question. |
| 27 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 29 ἕνεκα | cc | high | Coordinates ἁρμονίας and κάλλους. |
| 28 | κάλλους | κάλλος | NOUN | noun-gen-sg-neut | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἕνεκα | conj | high | Genitive with ἕνεκα. |
| 29 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | postposition-gen | _ | 35 γένοιτʼ | obl | high | Postposition governing the preceding genitives. |
| 30 | ἀρχιτέκτων | ἀρχιτέκτων | NOUN | noun-nom-sg-masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ποῖος | compound | high | Appositional noun with ποῖος. |
| 31 | ποῖος | ποῖος | DET | adj-nom-sg-masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int | 35 γένοιτʼ | nsubj | high | Interrogative determiner functioning adjectivally with ἀρχιτέκτων. |
| 32 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | prep-acc | _ | 33 ἅμιλλαν | case | high | |
| 33 | ἅμιλλαν | ἅμιλλα | NOUN | noun-acc-sg-fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 γένοιτʼ | obl | high | Goal/direction phrase: 'into competition'. |
| 34 | Πολυκλείτῳ | Πολύκλειτος | PROPN | proper-name-dat-sg-masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 ἀξιόχρεως | obl | high | Dative of comparison/contest. |
| 35 | γένοιτʼ | γίγνομαι | VERB | verb-aor-opt-mid-3sg | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Potential optative with ἄν; rhetorical question. |
| 36 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | particle | _ | 35 γένοιτʼ | aux | high | Modal particle. |
| 37 | ἀξιόχρεως | ἀξιόχρεως | ADJ | adj-nom-sg-masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 γένοιτʼ | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of γένοιτʼ. |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 γένοιτʼ | punct | high |
Πολύκλειτος γὰρ καὶ θέατρον τοῦτο καὶ οἴκημα τὸ περιφερὲς ὁ ποιήσας ἦν.
Copular clause: Πολύκλειτος is the subject and ἦν the root; ποιήσας is a circumstantial/attributive participle agreeing with the subject, while θέατρον and οἴκημα are coordinated predicate nouns, with τοῦτο and τὸ περιφερὲς as their respective modifiers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πολύκλειτος | Πολύκλειτος | PROPN | N--PMS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 12 ἦν | discourse | medium | Often tagged SCONJ as a postpositive explanatory connective; relation is discourse-like. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 θέατρον | cc | high | |
| 4 | θέατρον | θέατρον | NOUN | N--ANS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative under ἦν; coordinated with οἴκημα. |
| 5 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 θέατρον | det | medium | Demonstrative modifying or appositional to θέατρον. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 οἴκημα | cc | high | |
| 7 | οἴκημα | οἴκημα | NOUN | N--ANS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 θέατρον | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate noun. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 περιφερὲς | det | high | |
| 9 | περιφερὲς | περιφερής | ADJ | A--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 οἴκημα | amod | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA---NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ποιήσας | det | high | Article with substantivized/attributive participle. |
| 11 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | V--AAPNMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἦν | advcl | medium | Aorist active participle, likely circumstantial: ‘the one who made’; may be read attributively with Πολύκλειτος. |
| 12 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-I3SIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high |
ἐντὸς δὲ τοῦ ἄλσους ναός τέ ἐστιν Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ ἄγαλμα Ἠπιόνης καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἱερὸν καὶ Θέμιδος καὶ στάδιον, οἷα Ἕλλησι τὰ πολλὰ γῆς χῶμα,
The sentence has an existential/copular coordination: ναός, ἄγαλμα, ἱερόν, and στάδιον are coordinated subjects/predicative nouns with ἐστιν. οἷα introduces an explanatory comparison: as is generally the case with Greeks, a χωμα (earth mound) of the land; the final construction is somewhat elliptical and οἷα is analyzed as a neuter plural relative/adjectival form with an implied plural referent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 ἄλσους | case | high | Adverb functioning as a preposition with genitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄλσους | det | high | |
| 4 | ἄλσους | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐντός. |
| 5 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | First coordinated nominative subject of ἐστιν. |
| 6 | τέ | τέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ναός | cc | high | Correlative/enclitic coordinator. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb; singular agrees with the first subject or functions impersonally with coordinated items. |
| 8 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ναός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός: temple of Artemis. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated nominative subject. |
| 11 | Ἠπιόνης | Ἠπιόνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἱερὸν | cc | high | |
| 13 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 14 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Third coordinated nominative subject; substantive neuter adjective/noun. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 Θέμιδος | cc | high | |
| 16 | Θέμιδος | Θέμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive coordinated with Ἀφροδίτης under ἱερόν: sanctuary of Aphrodite and Themis. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 στάδιον | cc | high | |
| 18 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Fourth coordinated nominative subject. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 20 | οἷα | οἷος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 χῶμα | amod | low | Explanatory/comparative form; syntactically elliptical, with an implied plural neuter referent. |
| 21 | Ἕλλησι | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 χῶμα | obl | medium | Dative of reference or comparison: among/for Greeks. |
| 22 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 πολλὰ | det | high | Article with substantivized πολλὰ. |
| 23 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 χῶμα | nsubj | medium | Substantivized phrase τὰ πολλὰ, likely ‘for the most part’; relation to final χῶμα is elliptical. |
| 24 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 χῶμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on χῶμα: mound of earth. |
| 25 | χῶμα | χῶμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | parataxis | low | Explanatory nominal phrase after the comma; exact attachment and ellipsis are uncertain. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 χῶμα | punct | high |