Grammar parses for passage 2.29.2
Open translation for this passage
Αἰγινῆται δὲ οἰκοῦσιν ἔχοντες τὴν νῆσον ἀπαντικρὺ τῆς Ἐπιδαυρίας.
ἔχοντες is a circumstantial present participle agreeing with Αἰγινῆται; ἀπαντικρὺ governs the genitive τῆς Ἐπιδαυρίας, meaning ‘opposite Epidauros/Epidauria’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Αἰγινῆται | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | N-----MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 οἰκοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name functioning as the subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 οἰκοῦσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V- PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V- PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 οἰκοῦσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with the subject. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 6 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | N-----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἔχοντες | obj | high | Direct object of ἔχοντες. |
| 7 | ἀπαντικρὺ | ἀπαντικρύ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 ἔχοντες | advmod | medium | Adverb of location/opposition, construed with the following genitive. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἐπιδαυρίας | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἐπιδαυρίας | Ἐπιδαυρία | PROPN | N-----GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπαντικρὺ | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ἀπαντικρύ; the feminine toponym may denote the territory/city of Epidauros. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high |
ἀνθρώπους δʼ οὐκ εὐθὺς ἐξ ἀρχῆς λέγουσιν ἐν αὐτῇ γενέσθαι· Διὸς δὲ ἐς ἔρημον κομίσαντος Αἴγιναν τὴν Ἀσωποῦ τῇ μὲν τὸ ὄνομα ἐτέθη τοῦτο ἀντὶ Οἰνώνης, Αἰακοῦ δὲ αἰτήσαντος ὡς ηὐξήθη παρὰ Διὸς οἰκήτορας, οὕτω οἱ τὸν Δία ἀνεῖναι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους φασὶν ἐκ τῆς γῆς.
Main predicate λέγουσιν governs infinitival γενέσθαι; the participial clauses with Διός/Αἰακοῦ are genitive absolutes. In οἱ ... φασὶν, οἱ is the masculine plural article used substantivally (‘they’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | 前? | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | advmod | high | Negates λέγουσιν. |
| 4 | εὐθὺς | εὐθύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier. |
| 5 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Preposition governing ἀρχῆς. |
| 6 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 εὐθὺς | obl | high | Temporal ablatival phrase ‘from the beginning’. |
| 7 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite predicate. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 αὐτῇ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτῇ. |
| 9 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Refers to Aegina; location with γενέσθαι. |
| 10 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κομίσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject of κομίσαντος. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἐτέθη | cc | high | Connective in the first explanatory clause. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 ἔρημον | case | high | Preposition governing ἔρημον. |
| 15 | ἔρημον | ἔρημος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κομίσαντος | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, destination ‘to an uninhabited place’. |
| 16 | κομίσαντος | κομίζω | VERB | V-APA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἐτέθη | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Διός. |
| 17 | Αἴγιναν | Αἴγινα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κομίσαντος | obj | high | Object of κομίσαντος. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀσωποῦ | det | high | Article with Ἀσωποῦ. |
| 19 | Ἀσωποῦ | Ἀσωπός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Αἴγιναν | appos | high | Patronymic/appositional identification of Αἴγιναν, ‘Asopus’s daughter’. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐτέθη | iobj | medium | Substantival dative referring to Aegina; recipient/affected party. |
| 21 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 20 τῇ | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δὲ at token 30. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 23 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐτέθη | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive ἐτέθη. |
| 24 | ἐτέθη | τίθημι | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 7 λέγουσιν | parataxis | high | Finite clause coordinated/loosely attached to the main report. |
| 25 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 24 ἐτέθη | obj | high | Object/predicative result of ἐτέθη, ‘this’. |
| 26 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 Οἰνώνης | case | high | Preposition governing Οἰνώνης. |
| 27 | Οἰνώνης | Οἰνώνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐτέθη | obl | high | Replacement/comparison complement, ‘instead of Oenone’. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐτέθη | punct | high | |
| 29 | Αἰακοῦ | Αἰακός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 αἰτήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject of αἰτήσαντος. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 αἰτήσαντος | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 31 | αἰτήσαντος | αἰτέω | VERB | V-APA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 45 φασὶν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Αἰακοῦ. |
| 32 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ηὐξήθη | mark | high | Introduces causal/content-like clause after αἰτήσαντος. |
| 33 | ηὐξήθη | αὐξάνω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 31 αἰτήσαντος | ccomp | medium | Passive ‘was increased’ or ‘grew’; understood subject is implicit/contextual. |
| 34 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 Διὸς | case | high | Preposition governing Διός. |
| 35 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ηὐξήθη | obl | high | Source/agency complement of ηὐξήθη. |
| 36 | οἰκήτορας | οἰκήτωρ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 αἰτήσαντος | obj | high | Object of αἰτήσαντος, ‘inhabitants’. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 αἰτήσαντος | punct | high | |
| 38 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | ADV | _ | 45 φασὶν | advmod | high | Correlative adverb, ‘thus’. |
| 39 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 45 φασὶν | nsubj | high | Substantival article, ‘they’. |
| 40 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 Δία | det | high | Article with Δία. |
| 41 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἀνεῖναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἀνεῖναι. |
| 42 | ἀνεῖναι | ἀνίημι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 45 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by φασίν. |
| 43 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 ἀνθρώπους | det | high | Article with ἀνθρώπους. |
| 44 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 ἀνεῖναι | obj | high | Object of ἀνεῖναι. |
| 45 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 λέγουσιν | parataxis | high | Second reporting predicate, coordinated in discourse with λέγουσιν. |
| 46 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 48 γῆς | case | high | Preposition governing γῆς. |
| 47 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 48 γῆς | det | high | Article with γῆς. |
| 48 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 ἀνεῖναι | obl | high | Source complement of ἀνεῖναι. |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
βασιλεύσαντα δὲ ἐν τῇ γῇ πλὴν Αἰακὸν οὐδένα εἰπεῖν ἔχουσιν, ἐπεὶ μηδὲ τῶν Αἰακοῦ παίδων τινὰ ἴσμεν καταμείναντα, Πηλεῖ μὲν συμβὰν καὶ Τελαμῶνι ἐπὶ φόνῳ φεύγειν τῷ Φώκου, τῶν δὲ αὖ Φώκου παίδων περὶ τὸν Παρνασσὸν οἰκησάντων ἐν τῇ νῦν καλουμένῃ Φωκίδι.
The sentence has coordinated explanatory participial structures: an accusative participle with εἰπεῖν, an impersonal συμβὰν construction governing φεύγειν, and a contrasting genitive absolute with οἰκησάντων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | βασιλεύσαντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | AAPMSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 εἰπεῖν | csubj | medium | Accusative participle functioning as the understood subject of εἰπεῖν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 βασιλεύσαντα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 γῇ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DATFSG | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 γῇ | det | high | |
| 5 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | NDFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 βασιλεύσαντα | obl | high | |
| 6 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Αἰακὸν | case | high | Preposition governing Αἰακόν. |
| 7 | Αἰακὸν | Αἰακός | PROPN | NAMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 οὐδένα | obl | high | Object of the exception phrase πλὴν. |
| 8 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | AAMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 9 εἰπεῖν | obj | high | Object of εἰπεῖν, with πλὴν Αἰακόν as exception. |
| 9 | εἰπεῖν | λέγω | VERB | VAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 10 ἔχουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἔχουσιν. |
| 10 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | VPAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἴσμεν | mark | high | Introduces the explanatory subordinate clause. |
| 13 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 τῶν | cc | high | |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 παίδων | det | high | |
| 15 | Αἰακοῦ | Αἰακός | PROPN | NGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 16 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | NGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 τινὰ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on τινά. |
| 17 | τινὰ | τις | PRON | XAPMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 19 καταμείναντα | obj | high | Object of καταμείναντα. |
| 18 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | VRAI1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 10 ἔχουσιν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ἐπεί clause. |
| 19 | καταμείναντα | καταμένω | VERB | AAPMSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 ἴσμεν | xcomp | high | Accusative participle with τινά as its subject/object nexus. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἴσμεν | punct | high | |
| 21 | Πηλεῖ | Πηλεύς | PROPN | NDMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 συμβὰν | obl | high | Dative of person concerned with συμβάν. |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 23 συμβὰν | discourse | high | |
| 23 | συμβὰν | συμβαίνω | VERB | V2AAPNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 ἴσμεν | advcl | medium | Impersonal nominative neuter participle, with φεύγειν as its complement. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 Τελαμῶνι | cc | high | |
| 25 | Τελαμῶνι | Τελαμών | PROPN | NDMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 συμβὰν | obl | high | Coordinated dative of person concerned. |
| 26 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 φόνῳ | case | high | With dative φόνῳ, indicating the occasion/cause. |
| 27 | φόνῳ | φόνος | NOUN | NDMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 φεύγειν | obl | high | |
| 28 | φεύγειν | φεύγω | VERB | VPAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 23 συμβὰν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of impersonal συμβάν. |
| 29 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 Φώκου | det | high | |
| 30 | Φώκου | Φῶκος | PROPN | NDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 φόνῳ | nmod | high | Dative genitive-like dependent specifying whose murder. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἴσμεν | punct | high | |
| 32 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 36 παίδων | det | high | |
| 33 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 οἰκησάντων | cc | high | Adversative continuation paired with μὲν. |
| 34 | αὖ | αὖ | ADV | ADV | _ | 40 οἰκησάντων | advmod | high | |
| 35 | Φώκου | Φῶκος | PROPN | NGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 36 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | NGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 οἰκησάντων | nsubj | medium | Genitive absolute subject with οἰκησάντων. |
| 37 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 39 Παρνασσὸν | case | high | |
| 38 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 39 Παρνασσὸν | det | high | |
| 39 | Παρνασσὸν | Παρνασσός | PROPN | NASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 οἰκησάντων | obl | high | |
| 40 | οἰκησάντων | οἰκέω | VERB | AAPGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 ἴσμεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, contrasting with the preceding μὲν clause. |
| 41 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 45 Φωκίδι | case | high | |
| 42 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DDFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 45 Φωκίδι | det | high | |
| 43 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | ADV | _ | 44 καλουμένῃ | advmod | high | |
| 44 | καλουμένῃ | καλέω | VERB | VPPDFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 45 Φωκίδι | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying Φωκίδι. |
| 45 | Φωκίδι | Φωκίς | PROPN | NDFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 οἰκησάντων | obl | high | Location of οἰκησάντων. |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔχουσιν | punct | high |