Grammar parses for passage 2.29.4
Open translation for this passage
γεγόνασι δὲ ἀπὸ μὲν Πηλέως οἱ ἐν Ἠπείρῳ βασιλεῖς, Τελαμῶνος δὲ τῶν παίδων Αἴαντος μέν ἐστιν ἀφανέστερον γένος οἷα ἰδιωτεύσαντος ἀνθρώπου, πλὴν ὅσον Μιλτιάδης, ὃς Ἀθηναίοις ἐς Μαραθῶνα ἡγήσατο, καὶ Κίμων ὁ Μιλτιάδου προῆλθον ἐς δόξαν·
The sentence contrasts the descendants of Peleus with Ajax's less prominent lineage; the οἷα + genitive participial phrase is syntactically somewhat compressed, and the final coordinated clause continues the exception introduced by πλὴν ὅσον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γεγόνασι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3PPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γεγόνασι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Πηλέως | case | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 3 ἀπὸ | advmod | high | |
| 5 | Πηλέως | Πηλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεῖς | nmod | high | |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 βασιλεῖς | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Ἠπείρῳ | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἠπείρῳ | Ἤπειρος | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεῖς | obl | high | |
| 9 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 γεγόνασι | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γεγόνασι | punct | high | |
| 11 | Τελαμῶνος | Τελαμών | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παίδων | det | high | |
| 14 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Αἴαντος | nmod | high | |
| 15 | Αἴαντος | Αἴας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 γένος | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/relationship: Ajax's descendants. |
| 16 | μέν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 17 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3PSAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 γεγόνασι | conj | high | Copular clause coordinated/contrasted with the preceding statement. |
| 18 | ἀφανέστερον | ἀφανής | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 γένος | amod | high | |
| 19 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | οἷα | οἷος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἰδιωτεύσαντος | mark | medium | Concessive/causal circumstantial marker introducing the participial phrase. |
| 21 | ἰδιωτεύσαντος | ἰδιωτεύω | VERB | V-APMSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 γένος | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute-like explanatory participle; agreement is formally masculine singular, likely referring to Ajax. |
| 22 | ἀνθρώπου | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἰδιωτεύσαντος | xcomp | medium | Predicate/complement of ἰδιωτεύσαντος: 'having lived as a private person'. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 γένος | punct | high | |
| 24 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 ὅσον | case | high | Exceptive preposition governing ὅσον. |
| 25 | ὅσον | ὅσος | PRON | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 Μιλτιάδης | obl | medium | Accusative extent/exception phrase, 'insofar as'. |
| 26 | Μιλτιάδης | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἡγήσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἡγήσατο | punct | high | |
| 28 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | R-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἡγήσατο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Miltiades. |
| 29 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἡγήσατο | iobj | high | |
| 30 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 Μαραθῶνα | case | high | |
| 31 | Μαραθῶνα | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἡγήσατο | obl | high | |
| 32 | ἡγήσατο | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-3SAMDep | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 25 ὅσον | acl:relcl | high | |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἡγήσατο | punct | high | |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 38 προῆλθον | cc | high | |
| 35 | Κίμων | Κίμων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 προῆλθον | nsubj | high | |
| 36 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 Κίμων | det | high | |
| 37 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 Κίμων | nmod | high | Patronymic/possessive genitive. |
| 38 | προῆλθον | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 32 ἡγήσατο | conj | high | Singular verb with coordinated singular subject Κίμων; coordinated with ἡγήσατο. |
| 39 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 40 δόξαν | case | high | |
| 40 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 προῆλθον | obl | high | |
| 41 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γεγόνασι | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ Τευκρίδαι βασιλεῖς διέμειναν Κυπρίων ἄρχοντες ἐς Εὐαγόραν.
Τευκρίδαι βασιλεῖς is the subject and appositional/predicative nominal phrase; ἄρχοντες is a predicative participle agreeing with the subject, with ἐς Εὐαγόραν marking the endpoint of their rule. The identity of Εὐαγόρα is treated as a proper name; case morphology is clear despite accentual variation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-d-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Τευκρίδαι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 διέμειναν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Τευκρίδαι | Τευκρίδης | PROPN | Nbmpn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 διέμειναν | nsubj | high | Ethnic/dynastic plural used as the subject. |
| 4 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--PNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Τευκρίδαι | appos | high | Nominal apposition or predicative designation of Τευκρίδαι. |
| 5 | διέμειναν | διαμένω | VERB | V3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | Κυπρίων | Κύπριος | PROPN | N--PGM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἄρχοντες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄρχοντες, indicating the people ruled. |
| 7 | ἄρχοντες | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PAPNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 διέμειναν | xcomp | high | Predicative circumstantial participle, agreeing with Τευκρίδαι βασιλεῖς. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Εὐαγόραν | case | high | |
| 9 | Εὐαγόραν | Εὐαγόρας | PROPN | N--SAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἄρχοντες | obl | high | Proper name in the accusative after ἐς; endpoint of the period of rule. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 διέμειναν | punct | high |
Φώκῳ δὲ Ἄσιος ὁ τὰ ἔπη ποιήσας γενέσθαι φησὶ Πανοπέα καὶ Κρῖσον·
The dative Φώκῳ is the experiencer/addressee of φησί; Ἄσιος is the subject of φησί, with the article-plus-participial phrase ὁ τὰ ἔπη ποιήσας in apposition. γενέσθαι is an infinitive clause whose coordinated accusative subjects are Πανοπέα and Κρῖσον, governed by φησί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φώκῳ | Φώκος | PROPN | Nb------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 φησὶ | iobj | high | Dative recipient/experiencer of φησί. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 φησὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἄσιος | Ἄσιος | PROPN | Nb------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 φησὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of φησί. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ποιήσας | det | high | Article substantivizing/agreement-marking the participial phrase. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἔπη | det | high | Article with ἔπη. |
| 6 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | Nb-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ποιήσας | obj | high | Object of ποιήσας. |
| 7 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | 安pa----mas | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Ἄσιος | appos | medium | Aorist active participle in article-participle apposition to Ἄσιος; orthographic xpos is uncertain. |
| 8 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | Vmpn---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 φησὶ | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of φησί. |
| 9 | φησὶ | φημί | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 10 | Πανοπέα | Πανοπεύς | PROPN | Nb------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Κρῖσον | cc | high | Coordinates the two accusative infinitival subjects. |
| 12 | Κρῖσον | Κρῖσος | PROPN | Nb------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Πανοπέα | conj | high | Second coordinated accusative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησὶ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ Πανοπέως μὲν ἐγένετο Ἐπειὸς ὁ τὸν ἵππον τὸν δούρειον, ὡς Ὅμηρος ἐποίησεν, ἐργασάμενος, Κρίσου δὲ ἦν ἀπόγονος τρίτος Πυλάδης, Στροφίου τε ὢν τοῦ Κρίσου καὶ Ἀναξιβίας ἀδελφῆς Ἀγαμέμνονος.
Ἐπειὸς is the subject of ἐγένετο, with Πανοπέως as genitive of origin; ὁ ... ἐργασάμενος is a genitive-attributive/identifying participial phrase for Ἐπειὸς. In the second clause Πυλάδης is subject and ἀπόγονος τρίτος predicate, with Κρίσου dependent on ἀπόγονος; ὢν introduces the parentage phrase. The exact relation of third (ἀπόγονος τρίτος) is syntactically clear as predicate nominal, though the genitive sequence is appositional/possessive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | Πανοπέως | Πανοπεύς | PROPN | NPMGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Genitive of origin/descent with ἐγένετο. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, answered by δέ. |
| 4 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SAMI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Ἐπειὸς | Ἐπειός | PROPN | NPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐργασάμενος | det | high | Article with the participial identification of Ἐπειὸς; concord is expected despite intervening accusatives. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἵππον | det | high | |
| 8 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐργασάμενος | obj | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 δούρειον | det | high | |
| 10 | δούρειον | δούρειος | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἵππον | amod | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐργασάμενος | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐποίησεν | mark | high | Introduces the Homeric manner/comparison clause. |
| 13 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | NPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V3SAAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ἐργασάμενος | advcl | high | Parenthetical comparison clause. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐργασάμενος | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐργασάμενος | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V--AMPNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 5 Ἐπειὸς | acl | high | Participial modifier identifying Ἐπειός; takes ἵππον as object. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐργασάμενος | punct | high | |
| 18 | Κρίσου | Κρῖσος | PROPN | NPMGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀπόγονος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀπόγονος. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 20 ἦν | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 20 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SII---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; coordination with the first verbal predicate is implicit. |
| 21 | ἀπόγονος | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with ἦν. |
| 22 | τρίτος | τρίτος | ADJ | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀπόγονος | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἀπόγονος. |
| 23 | Πυλάδης | Πυλάδης | PROPN | NPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 25 | Στροφίου | Στρόφιος | PROPN | NPMGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ὢν | obl | high | Genitive with ὢν, naming the father. |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 27 ὢν | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive parentage phrases. |
| 27 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V--PMPNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 23 Πυλάδης | advcl | high | Conjunct participle, subject understood as Πυλάδης. |
| 28 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Κρίσου | det | high | |
| 29 | Κρίσου | Κρῖσος | PROPN | NPMGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ὢν | obl | high | Genitive complement with ὢν, coordinated with Ἀναξιβίας. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 32 ἀδελφῆς | cc | high | |
| 31 | Ἀναξιβίας | Ἀναξιβία | PROPN | NPMGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ἀδελφῆς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀδελφῆς. |
| 32 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ὢν | obl | medium | Appositional/parentage phrase: ὢν τοῦ Κρίσου καὶ Ἀναξιβίας ἀδελφῆς. |
| 33 | Ἀγαμέμνονος | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | NPMGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἀδελφῆς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀδελφῆς: sister of Agamemnon. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἦν | punct | high |
γένη μὲν τοσαῦτα τῶν καλουμένων Αἰακιδῶν, ἐξεχώρησε δὲ ἑτέρωσε ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς.
The first clause is an verbless nominal statement, with γένη as the understood subject/predicate noun and τοσαῦτα as its predicative quantifier; τῶν καλουμένων Αἰακιδῶν is a genitive dependent on γένη. The second clause has an implicit subject referring to the preceding γένη, with ἑτέρωσε as a directional adverb and ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς as a temporal ablatival/genitive phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γένη | γένος | NOUN | N-----N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐξεχώρησε | nsubj | high | Subject of the following verb; the clause is nominally elliptical before ἐξεχώρησε. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 1 γένη | discourse | high | Correlative/discourse particle. |
| 3 | τοσαῦτα | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-----N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 γένη | amod | medium | Predicative quantifier agreeing with γένη; analyzed as an adjectival modifier. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L----G-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 καλουμένων | det | high | Article modifying the substantivized participle. |
| 5 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 1 γένη | nmod | high | Substantivized present passive participle, ‘those called’; governs Αἰακιδῶν in apposition/specification. |
| 6 | Αἰακιδῶν | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | N----G-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 καλουμένων | appos | high | Proper-name patronymic in apposition to the substantivized καλουμένων. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐξεχώρησε | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἐξεχώρησε | ἐκχωρέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate; singular subject is implicit or distributive despite the preceding neuter plural γένη. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Df | _ | 8 ἐξεχώρησε | cc | high | Adversative/continuative coordinator. |
| 10 | ἑτέρωσε | ἑτέρωσε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἐξεχώρησε | advmod | high | Directional adverb, ‘elsewhere/to another place’. |
| 11 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Apocopated preposition governing ἀρχῆς. |
| 12 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-----G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐξεχώρησε | obl | high | Temporal/ablatival genitive with ἀπό, ‘from the beginning’. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐξεχώρησε | punct | high |