Grammar parses for passage 2.29.5
Open translation for this passage
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον μοῖρα Ἀργείων τῶν Ἐπίδαυρον ὁμοῦ Δηιφόντῃ κατασχόντων, διαβᾶσα ἐς Αἴγιναν καὶ Αἰγινήταις τοῖς ἀρχαίοις γενόμενοι σύνοικοι, τὰ Δωριέων ἔθη καὶ φωνὴν κατεστήσαντο ἐν τῇ νήσῳ.
The sentence has a main subject μοῖρα with κατεστήσαντο as its finite predicate; the genitive participial phrase τῶν ... κατασχόντων is attached to Ἀργείων, while διαβᾶσα and γενόμενοι are coordinated circumstantial participles referring to μοῖρα. The form γενόμενοι is grammatically masculine plural, despite the feminine singular subject implied by μοῖρα; this may reflect an understood masculine plural group or textual/syntactic irregularity, so its attachment is marked uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of time. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 27 κατεστήσαντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | d-------- | _ | 27 κατεστήσαντο | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative meaning later. |
| 4 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 κατεστήσαντο | nsubj | high | Subject of κατεστήσαντο. |
| 5 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | nepa---g- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 μοῖρα | nmod | high | Genitive of the Argives, dependent on μοῖρα. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 κατασχόντων | det | high | Article agreeing with the substantivized participle. |
| 7 | Ἐπίδαυρον | Ἐπίδαυρος | PROPN | nepa---a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 κατασχόντων | obj | high | Object of κατασχόντων. |
| 8 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | d-------- | _ | 10 κατασχόντων | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the participial action. |
| 9 | Δηιφόντῃ | Δηιφόντης | PROPN | nepm---d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κατασχόντων | obl | high | Dative of association with κατασχόντων. |
| 10 | κατασχόντων | κατέχω | VERB | v-papmng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 Ἀργείων | acl | high | Genitive plural participle agreeing with τῶν and referring to the Argives. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 διαβᾶσα | punct | high | |
| 12 | διαβᾶσα | διαβαίνω | VERB | v-sapafn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 κατεστήσαντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with μοῖρα. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 14 Αἴγιναν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 14 | Αἴγιναν | Αἴγινα | PROPN | nepa---a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 διαβᾶσα | obl | high | Goal of διαβᾶσα. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 19 γενόμενοι | cc | high | Coordinates the second participial phrase. |
| 16 | Αἰγινήταις | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | nepm---d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 γενόμενοι | obl | high | Dative of association with γενόμενοι. |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀρχαίοις | det | high | Article agreeing with ἀρχαίοις. |
| 18 | ἀρχαίοις | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Αἰγινήταις | amod | high | Adjective modifying Αἰγινήταις. |
| 19 | γενόμενοι | γίγνομαι | VERB | v-papmnn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 27 κατεστήσαντο | advcl | low | Masculine plural form; syntactic antecedent is anomalous if μοῖρα alone is intended. Coordinated circumstantial participle. |
| 20 | σύνοικοι | σύνοικος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 γενόμενοι | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective of γενόμενοι, with the same anomalous masculine plural agreement. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 κατεστήσαντο | punct | high | |
| 22 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἔθη | det | high | Article with ἔθη. |
| 23 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | nepm---g- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἔθη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔθη. |
| 24 | ἔθη | ἔθος | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 κατεστήσαντο | obj | high | First coordinated object of κατεστήσαντο. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 26 φωνὴν | cc | high | Coordinates the two objects. |
| 26 | φωνὴν | φωνή | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἔθη | conj | high | Second coordinated object, coordinated with ἔθη. |
| 27 | κατεστήσαντο | καθίστημι | VERB | v3pamm--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main predicate; middle voice meaning established/set up. |
| 28 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 30 νήσῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 29 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 νήσῳ | det | high | Article agreeing with νήσῳ. |
| 30 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 κατεστήσαντο | obl | high | Locative complement of κατεστήσαντο. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 κατεστήσαντο | punct | high |
προελθοῦσι δὲ Αἰγινήταις ἐς μέγα δυνάμεως, ὡς Ἀθηναίων γενέσθαι ναυσὶν ἐπικρατεστέρους καὶ ἐν τῷ Μηδικῷ πολέμῳ παρασχέσθαι πλοῖα μετά γε Ἀθηναίους πλεῖστα, οὐ παρέμεινεν ἐς ἅπαν ἡ εὐδαιμονία, γενόμενοι δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων ἀνάστατοι Θυρέαν τὴν ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι Λακεδαιμονίων δόντων ᾤκησαν.
The opening dative participial construction frames the ὡς + infinitive explanation; the final clause coordinates with παρέμεινεν and contains both a nominative participle and a genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθοῦσι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-APP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 3 Αἰγινήταις | advcl | high | Concessive/temporal dative participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 παρέμεινεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Αἰγινήταις | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 παρέμεινεν | obl | high | Dative with προελθοῦσι. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 μέγα | case | high | |
| 5 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 δυνάμεως | amod | medium | Accusative extent idiom with δύναμις. |
| 6 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Αἰγινήταις | obl | medium | Genitive in the expression ἐς μέγα δυνάμεως. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 Αἰγινήταις | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 γενέσθαι | mark | high | Introduces explanatory infinitival clause. |
| 9 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπικρατεστέρους | obl | high | Genitive of comparison. |
| 10 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AD-N | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 3 Αἰγινήταις | advcl | high | Infinitive in ὡς clause. |
| 11 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπικρατεστέρους | obl | high | Dative of respect/measure. |
| 12 | ἐπικρατεστέρους | ἐπικρατής | ADJ | A-AMP-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 παρασχέσθαι | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 πολέμῳ | case | high | |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 πολέμῳ | det | high | |
| 16 | Μηδικῷ | Μηδικός | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 πολέμῳ | amod | high | |
| 17 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 παρασχέσθαι | obl | high | |
| 18 | παρασχέσθαι | παρέχω | VERB | V-2AM-N | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 10 γενέσθαι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive under ὡς. |
| 19 | πλοῖα | πλοῖον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 παρασχέσθαι | obj | high | |
| 20 | μετά | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 Ἀθηναίους | case | high | |
| 21 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 22 Ἀθηναίους | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 22 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 πλεῖστα | obl | high | Μετά with accusative. |
| 23 | πλεῖστα | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 πλοῖα | amod | high | Superlative modifying πλοῖα. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 παρέμεινεν | punct | high | |
| 25 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 παρέμεινεν | advmod | high | |
| 26 | παρέμεινεν | παραμένω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 27 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 ἅπαν | case | high | |
| 28 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 παρέμεινεν | obl | high | Accusative extent/duration. |
| 29 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 εὐδαιμονία | det | high | |
| 30 | εὐδαιμονία | εὐδαιμονία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 παρέμεινεν | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 παρέμεινεν | punct | high | |
| 32 | γενόμενοι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 44 ᾤκησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject Αἰγινήταις understood. |
| 33 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 44 ᾤκησαν | cc | high | |
| 34 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | |
| 35 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 ἀνάστατοι | obl:agent | high | |
| 36 | ἀνάστατοι | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 γενόμενοι | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with γενόμενοι. |
| 37 | Θυρέαν | Θυρέα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 ᾤκησαν | obj | high | Object of ᾤκησαν. |
| 38 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 Θυρέαν | det | high | |
| 39 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 41 Ἀργολίδι | case | high | |
| 40 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 Ἀργολίδι | det | high | |
| 41 | Ἀργολίδι | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 Θυρέαν | nmod | high | Locative modifier of Θυρέαν. |
| 42 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 43 δόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 43 | δόντων | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 44 ᾤκησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 44 | ᾤκησαν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 26 παρέμεινεν | conj | high | Main coordinated verb; subject is the Aeginetans. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 παρέμεινεν | punct | high |
καὶ ἀπέλαβον μὲν τὴν νῆσον, ὅτε περὶ Ἑλλήσποντον αἱ Ἀθηναίων τριήρεις ἐλήφθησαν, πλούτου δὲ ἢ δυνάμεως οὐκέτι ἐξεγένετο ἐς ἴσον προελθεῖν σφισιν.
The sentence contrasts recovery of the island with the inability thereafter to attain equal wealth or power; σφισιν is a dative of reference with προελθεῖν, and ἐξεγένετο is impersonal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέλαβον | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἀπέλαβον | ἀπολαμβάνω | VERB | V-AIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject is understood; coordinated contrast continues with δέ. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέλαβον | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-AFA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 5 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | N-AFA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἀπέλαβον | obj | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέλαβον | punct | high | |
| 7 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἐλήφθησαν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 8 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Ἑλλήσποντον | case | high | Here with accusative, around/in the region of. |
| 9 | Ἑλλήσποντον | Ἑλλήσποντος | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐλήφθησαν | obl | high | |
| 10 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 τριήρεις | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 τριήρεις | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective functioning substantivally: 'of the Athenians'. |
| 12 | τριήρεις | τριήρης | NOUN | N-NPF-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 ἐλήφθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 13 | ἐλήφθησαν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 2 ἀπέλαβον | advcl | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐλήφθησαν | punct | high | |
| 15 | πλούτου | πλοῦτος | NOUN | N-GSM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 προελθεῖν | obl | medium | Genitive of respect/object with προελθεῖν: advance to equality in wealth. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἐξεγένετο | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 δυνάμεως | cc | high | Coordinates πλούτου and δυνάμεως. |
| 18 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | N-GSF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 προελθεῖν | obl | medium | Coordinated genitive with πλούτου. |
| 19 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | _ | Polarity=Neg | 20 ἐξεγένετο | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἐξεγένετο | ἐκγίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 2 ἀπέλαβον | conj | medium | Impersonal/semantically existential: 'it was no longer possible'. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 ἴσον | case | high | |
| 22 | ἴσον | ἴσος | ADJ | A-ASM-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 προελθεῖν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter accusative, 'to an equal level'. |
| 23 | προελθεῖν | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 ἐξεγένετο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἐξεγένετο. |
| 24 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM-P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 23 προελθεῖν | iobj | high | Dative of reference. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέλαβον | punct | high |