Grammar parses for passage 2.30.10
Open translation for this passage
καὶ σφᾶς καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν καταλόγῳ φησὶν ὑπὸ Διομήδους ἄρχεσθαι.
Ὅμηρος is coordinated with the preceding καί; φησίν introduces an accusative-and-infinitive construction, with σφᾶς as the understood subject of passive ἄρχεσθαι and Διομήδους as its agent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Ὅμηρος | cc | high | |
| 2 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ἄρχεσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Ὅμηρος | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 φησὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of φησίν. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 6 καταλόγῳ | case | high | |
| 6 | καταλόγῳ | κατάλογος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 φησὶν | obl | high | Locative prepositional adjunct, ‘in the catalogue’. |
| 7 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Διομήδους | case | high | |
| 9 | Διομήδους | Διομήδης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἄρχεσθαι | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive infinitive. |
| 10 | ἄρχεσθαι | ἄρχω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 7 φησὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησίν; σφᾶς is its accusative subject. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φησὶν | punct | high |
Διομήδης γὰρ καὶ Εὐρύαλος ὁ Μηκιστέως Κυάνιππον τὸν Αἰγιαλέως παῖδα ὄντα ἐπιτροπεύοντες Ἀργείων ἡγήσαντο ἐς Τροίαν.
Διομήδης and Εὐρύαλος are coordinated subjects of ἡγήσαντο; ὁ Μηκιστέως is in apposition to Εὐρύαλος. Κυάνιππον, with its article and genitive patronymic, is the accusative object of ἐπιτροπεύοντες and the accusative subject of the participial ὄντα; ἐπιτροπεύοντες is a circumstantial participle modifying the coordinated subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Διομήδης | Διομήδης | PROPN | N--S-NP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἡγήσαντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G----- | _ | 14 ἡγήσαντο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Εὐρύαλος | cc | high | |
| 4 | Εὐρύαλος | Εὐρύαλος | PROPN | N--S-NP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Διομήδης | conj | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S-MNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Εὐρύαλος | appos | medium | Article introducing the following appositional name/patronymic phrase. |
| 6 | Μηκιστέως | Μηκιστεύς | PROPN | N-S-MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὁ | appos | medium | Patronymic/name in apposition within ὁ Μηκιστέως. |
| 7 | Κυάνιππον | Κυάνιππος | PROPN | N--S-MA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπιτροπεύοντες | obj | high | |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S-MAC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Κυάνιππον | det | high | |
| 9 | Αἰγιαλέως | Αἰγιαλεύς | PROPN | N-S-MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παῖδα | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive modifying παῖδα. |
| 10 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-S-MA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Κυάνιππον | appos | high | |
| 11 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐπιτροπεύοντες | xcomp | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Κυάνιππον; copular participle. |
| 12 | ἐπιτροπεύοντες | ἐπιτροπεύω | VERB | V-PAP-PMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἡγήσαντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with coordinated nominative subjects. |
| 13 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-P---MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπιτροπεύοντες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐπιτροπεύοντες: acting as guardians/mentors of the Argives. |
| 14 | ἡγήσαντο | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Τροίαν | case | high | |
| 16 | Τροίαν | Τροία | PROPN | N--S-AF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἡγήσαντο | obl | high | Goal/destination of ἡγήσαντο. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἡγήσαντο | punct | high |
Σθένελος δέ, ὡς ἐδήλωσα ἐν τοῖς πρότερον, οἰκίας τε ἦν ἐπιφανεστέρας, τῶν Ἀναξαγοριδῶν καλουμένων, καὶ ἡ βασιλεία τούτῳ μάλιστα ἦν ἡ Ἀργείων προσήκουσα.
Σθένελος is the subject of the first ἦν, with οἰκίας τε ... ἐπιφανεστέρας as a genitive predicate/characterization; ὡς ἐδήλωσα is a parenthetical comparative clause. The second ἦν has βασιλεία as subject, τούτῳ as dative possessor/association, and ἡ Ἀργείων προσήκουσα as a postposed predicative relative-like participial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σθένελος | Σθένελος | PROPN | N--S---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 Σθένελος | cc | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 1 Σθένελος | punct | high | |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐδήλωσα | mark | high | |
| 5 | ἐδήλωσα | δηλόω | VERB | V--1SIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ἦν | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical clause; could be analyzed as an adjunct to the whole sentence. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 πρότερον | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P---DPN-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 πρότερον | det | high | |
| 8 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐδήλωσα | obl | medium | Substantivized/adverbial form meaning 'previously'; the article phrase is elliptical. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 5 ἐδήλωσα | punct | high | |
| 10 | οἰκίας | οἰκία | NOUN | N--PFA--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Genitive predicate/description with ἦν; some analyses treat it as a genitive complement or predicate nominal. |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 οἰκίας | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V--3SIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἐπιφανεστέρας | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A--PFA-C-- | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 οἰκίας | amod | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P---GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Ἀναξαγοριδῶν | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἀναξαγοριδῶν | Ἀναξαγορίδης | PROPN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 καλουμένων | obl | medium | Genitive plural name for the Anaxagorids; dependent within the participial group. |
| 17 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V--PPM-G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 10 οἰκίας | acl | medium | Participial modifier of the understood/expressed Anaxagorid family; attachment to οἰκίας is syntactically loose. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 βασιλεία | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | P---NFS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 βασιλεία | det | high | |
| 21 | βασιλεία | βασιλεία | NOUN | N--SNA--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | P---DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 24 ἦν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or personal association with βασιλεία. |
| 23 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 27 προσήκουσα | advmod | high | |
| 24 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V--3SIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 12 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated second copular clause. |
| 25 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | P---NFS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 προσήκουσα | det | high | |
| 26 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 προσήκουσα | obl | high | Substantivized genitive plural, 'of the Argives', with προσήκουσα. |
| 27 | προσήκουσα | προσήκω | VERB | V--PAPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicative participle agreeing with βασιλεία; προσήκουσα ἡ Ἀργείων means the kingship especially belonging to the Argives. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high |
τοσαῦτα Τροιζηνίοις ἐχόμενα ἱστορίας ἦν, παρὲξ ἢ ὅσαι πόλεις παρʼ αὐτῶν φασιν ἀποικισθῆναι·
The construction means ‘so much history concerning the Troezenians, except for the cities which they say were colonized from them’; ἐχόμενα is a neuter plural participle agreeing with τοσαῦτα, while ἦν is singular with a neuter plural subject. παρὲξ introduces the exception, and ἢ is comparative/exclusionary (‘than/except’); ὅσαι πόλεις is the subject of the passive infinitive ἀποικισθῆναι, with αὐτῶν referring to the Troezenians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοσαῦτα | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἐχόμενα | amod | high | Neuter plural nominative, agreeing with ἐχόμενα. |
| 2 | Τροιζηνίοις | Τροιζήνιος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐχόμενα | obl | medium | Dative of relation/association with ἐχόμενα; ethnicon used substantivally. |
| 3 | ἐχόμενα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PNP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Middle/passive present participle, substantivally ‘things belonging to/concerning’; exact voice nuance is context-dependent. |
| 4 | ἱστορίας | ἱστορία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐχόμενα | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐχόμενα, likely partitive or descriptive (‘of history’). |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect indicative; singular with neuter plural subject, a standard Greek agreement pattern. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 7 | παρὲξ | παρέξ | ADP | R- | _ | 10 πόλεις | case | medium | Preposition/adverb introducing the exception phrase; governs the following genitive phrase. |
| 8 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 10 πόλεις | cc | medium | Exclusionary/comparative particle, coordinated with the preceding exception construction rather than ordinary disjunction. |
| 9 | ὅσαι | ὅσος | DET | A-RPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 πόλεις | det | high | Relative quantifier/determiner modifying πόλεις. |
| 10 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 φασιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φασιν and understood subject of ἀποικισθῆναι. |
| 11 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-G | _ | 12 αὐτῶν | case | high | Elided preposition governing the genitive αὐτῶν. |
| 12 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 10 πόλεις | obl | high | Genitive of source with παρά; antecedent is Τροιζηνίοις. |
| 13 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 παρὲξ | advcl | medium | Impersonal/reporting clause ‘they say’; its accusative-and-infinitive content is ὅσαι πόλεις ἀποικισθῆναι. |
| 14 | ἀποικισθῆναι | ἀποικίζω | VERB | V-ANP | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 13 φασιν | xcomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive, governed by φασιν; πόλεις is its understood nominative subject in indirect discourse. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high |
κατασκευὴν δὲ ἱερῶν καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα ἐς ἐπίδειξιν, τὸ ἐντεῦθεν ἐπέξειμι.
The coordinated accusative κατασκευὴν ... ὅσα ἄλλα is the object/topic resumed by τὸ ἐντεῦθεν; ἐπέξειμι is future first-person singular, ‘I shall proceed/discuss from here onward.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατασκευὴν | κατασκευή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπέξειμι | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐπέξειμι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἱερῶν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κατασκευὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κατασκευήν: construction of sanctuaries. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ὅσα | cc | high | |
| 5 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κατασκευὴν | conj | medium | Correlative/relative quantifier introducing the coordinated ‘whatever other things’ phrase. |
| 6 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ὅσα | amod | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἐπίδειξιν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 8 | ἐπίδειξιν | ἐπίδειξις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὅσα | nmod | high | Prepositional purpose phrase: for display. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐπέξειμι | punct | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπέξειμι | obj | medium | Articular accusative resumptive/topic expression; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 11 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ἐπέξειμι | advmod | high | ‘From here/onward’; modifies ἐπέξειμι. |
| 12 | ἐπέξειμι | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | V-FAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Future of ἐπέξειμι; governs the resumed accusative topic/object. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐπέξειμι | punct | high |