Grammar parses for passage 2.30.9
Open translation for this passage
σημεῖον δέ· ἀποθανόντος γὰρ Τροίζηνος Πιτθεὺς ἐς τὴν νῦν πόλιν συναγαγὼν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ὠνόμασεν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ Τροίζηνα, συλλαβὼν Ὑπέρειάν τε καὶ Ἄνθ ει αν.
The sentence has an elliptical nominal opening (σημεῖον δέ), a genitive absolute (ἀποθανόντος ... Τροίζηνος), and two circumstantial participles modifying Πιτθεύς (συναγαγών, συλλαβών). Tokens 25–27 preserve the supplied split spelling of Ἄνθειαν; the final phrase is coordinated with Ὑπέρειαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σημεῖον | σημεῖον | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Elliptical nominal clause, likely ‘a sign/evidence’; root by convention. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 1 σημεῖον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | · | · | PUNCT | U------- | _ | 1 σημεῖον | punct | high | |
| 4 | ἀποθανόντος | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | VPAAGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 Πιτθεὺς | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 5 | γὰρ | γάρ | ADV | C------- | _ | 4 ἀποθανόντος | advmod | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 6 | Τροίζηνος | Τροιζήν | PROPN | Neosg---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀποθανόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject, personal name. |
| 7 | Πιτθεὺς | Πιτθεύς | PROPN | N-----mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ὠνόμασεν | nsubj | high | Main-clause subject. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 πόλιν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----af- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 10 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 πόλιν | advmod | high | Temporal modifier of πόλιν. |
| 11 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N------a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 συναγαγὼν | obl | high | Goal/location of συναγαγών with ἐς. |
| 12 | συναγαγὼν | συνάγω | VERB | VPAA-NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ὠνόμασεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Πιτθεύς. |
| 13 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S----am- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀνθρώπους | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-----ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 συναγαγὼν | obj | high | Object of συναγαγών. |
| 15 | ὠνόμασεν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | VAAA3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb; the initial nominal phrase is syntactically elliptical/discourse-linked. |
| 16 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Τροίζηνα | case | high | Source expression ‘after/from’. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀδελφοῦ | det | high | |
| 18 | ἀδελφοῦ | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-----mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Τροίζηνα | obl | high | Object of ἀπό within the naming phrase. |
| 19 | Τροίζηνα | Τροιζήν | PROPN | N-----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὠνόμασεν | obj | high | Name assigned by ὠνόμασεν. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | U------- | _ | 21 συλλαβὼν | punct | high | |
| 21 | συλλαβὼν | συλλαμβάνω | VERB | VPAA-NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ὠνόμασεν | advcl | high | Second circumstantial participle agreeing with Πιτθεύς; governs coordinated objects. |
| 22 | Ὑπέρειάν | Ὑπέρεια | PROPN | N-----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 συλλαβὼν | obj | high | First item in the coordinated object phrase. |
| 23 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 22 Ὑπέρειάν | cc | high | Enclitic coordinator. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 25 Ἄνθ | cc | high | Coordinator of the second name; interaction with τε is correlative/coordinate. |
| 25 | Ἄνθ | Ἄνθεια | PROPN | N-----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 συλλαβὼν | conj | medium | Supplied split spelling; analyzed as the initial segment of the name Ἄνθειαν. |
| 26 | ει | Ἄνθεια | PROPN | N-----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 Ἄνθ | flat | low | Non-independent split orthographic segment; retained exactly as supplied. |
| 27 | αν | Ἄνθεια | PROPN | N-----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 Ἄνθ | flat | low | Non-independent split orthographic segment completing the supplied spelling Ἄνθειαν. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | U------- | _ | 15 ὠνόμασεν | punct | high |
πολλοῖς δὲ ἔτεσιν ὕστερον ἐς ἀποικίαν ἐκ Τροιζῆνος σταλέντες Ἁλικαρνασσὸν ἐν τῇ Καρίᾳ καὶ Μύνδον ἀπῴκισαν οἱ γεγονότες ἀπʼ Ἀετίου τοῦ Ἄνθα.
The participle σταλέντες is a circumstantial passive participle modifying the subject of ἀπῴκισαν; οἱ γεγονότες ἀπʼ Ἀετίου τοῦ Ἄνθα is a substantivized genealogical expression.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἔτεσιν | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔτεσιν | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ὕστερον | obl:tmod | high | |
| 4 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | A----- | _ | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb with dative plural expression. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R----A- | _ | 6 ἀποικίαν | case | high | |
| 6 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 σταλέντες | obl | high | Purpose/destination of being sent. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R----G- | _ | 8 Τροιζῆνος | case | high | |
| 8 | Τροιζῆνος | Τροιζήν | PROPN | Ne-G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 σταλέντες | obl:source | high | |
| 9 | σταλέντες | στέλλω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, temporal/circumstantial. |
| 10 | Ἁλικαρνασσὸν | Ἁλικαρνασσός | PROPN | N-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | obj | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R----D- | _ | 13 Καρίᾳ | case | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S---DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Καρίᾳ | det | high | |
| 13 | Καρίᾳ | Καρία | PROPN | N-SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ἁλικαρνασσὸν | nmod | high | Locative apposition to Halicarnassus. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 15 Μύνδον | cc | high | |
| 15 | Μύνδον | Μύνδος | PROPN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | obj | high | |
| 16 | ἀπῴκισαν | ἀποικίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 γεγονότες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 18 | γεγονότες | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-RAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | nsubj | high | Substantivized perfect participle: descendants/those sprung from. |
| 19 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R----G- | _ | 20 Ἀετίου | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἀετίου | Ἀετίος | PROPN | N-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 γεγονότες | obl:source | high | |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ἄνθα | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἄνθα | Ἄνθος | PROPN | N-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἀετίου | appos | high | Patronymic/appositional identification of Aetios. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀπῴκισαν | punct | high |
Τροίζηνος δὲ οἱ παῖδες Ἀνάφλυστος καὶ Σφῆττος μετοικοῦσιν ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν, καὶ οἱ δῆμοι τὰ ὀνόματα ἔχουσιν ἀπὸ τούτων.
Two coordinated finite clauses: the first has παῖδες as subject and a destination phrase ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν; the second has δῆμοι as subject and ὀνόματα as object, with ἀπὸ τούτων expressing derivation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τροίζηνος | Τροιζήν | PROPN | Ne;Nom;Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδες | nsubj | medium | Place-name in genitive-form surface spelling, functioning as possessor/genitival modifier with οἱ παῖδες. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 8 μετοικοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Art;Nom;Plur;Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παῖδες | det | high | |
| 4 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N;Nom;Plur;Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μετοικοῦσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | Ἀνάφλυστος | Ἀνάφλυστος | PROPN | Ne;Nom;Sing;Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδες | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to παῖδες. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 5 Ἀνάφλυστος | cc | high | |
| 7 | Σφῆττος | Σφῆττος | PROPN | Ne;Nom;Sing;Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἀνάφλυστος | conj | high | Second personal name coordinated with Ἀνάφλυστος. |
| 8 | μετοικοῦσιν | μετοικέω | VERB | V;Pres;Act;Ind;3Pl | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 11 Ἀττικήν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art;Acc;Sing;Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἀττικήν | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἀττικήν | Ἀττική | PROPN | Ne;Acc;Sing;Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μετοικοῦσιν | obl | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μετοικοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 18 ἔχουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Art;Nom;Plur;Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 δῆμοι | det | high | |
| 15 | δῆμοι | δῆμος | NOUN | N;Nom;Plur;Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἔχουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art;Acc;Plur;Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ὀνόματα | det | high | |
| 17 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N;Acc;Plur;Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | V;Pres;Act;Ind;3Pl | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 μετοικοῦσιν | conj | high | |
| 19 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | Prep | _ | 20 τούτων | case | high | |
| 20 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | Dem;Gen;Plur;Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 18 ἔχουσιν | obl | high | Refers to the named sons; ἀπό governs the genitive. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μετοικοῦσιν | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ ἐς Θησέα θυγατριδοῦν Πιτθέως εἰδόσι τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν οὐ γράφω, δεῖ δέ με τοσόνδε ἔτι δηλῶσαι.
The sentence has two coordinated finite clauses: γράφω with topical τὰ ... τὰ ... and an impersonal δεῖ clause with accusative subject με and infinitival complement δηλῶσαι. The rare form θυγατριδοῦν is analyzed cautiously as an accusative adjective associated with Θησέα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T---NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 γράφω | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, object of γράφω; topical phrase with following ἐς Θησέα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 γράφω | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Θησέα | case | high | Variant form ἐς of εἰς. |
| 4 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N--ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θυγατριδοῦν | obl | medium | Accusative governed by ἐς; phrase modifies θυγατριδοῦν. |
| 5 | θυγατριδοῦν | θυγατριδοῦς | ADJ | A--ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τὰ | amod | low | Rare/lexically difficult form; interpreted as an accusative masculine adjective meaning related through a daughter, agreeing substantively with Θησέα. |
| 6 | Πιτθέως | Πιτθεύς | PROPN | N--GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θυγατριδοῦν | nmod | medium | Genitive of relation/descent with θυγατριδοῦν. |
| 7 | εἰδόσι | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 12 γράφω | advcl | medium | Perfect active participle, dative plural; likely ethical/absolute dative, 'for those who know'. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T---NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 γράφω | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, second object/topic of γράφω. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 αὐτὸν | case | high | Variant form ἐς of εἰς. |
| 10 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-SASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 τὰ | nmod | high | Accusative object of ἐς in the topical phrase τὰ ἐς αὐτόν. |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 12 γράφω | advmod | high | |
| 12 | γράφω | γράφω | VERB | V-PAI-1S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γράφω | punct | high | |
| 14 | δεῖ | δεῖ | VERB | V-PAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal verb introducing an infinitival complement; coordinated clause after the comma. |
| 15 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 δεῖ | cc | high | |
| 16 | με | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1A-S---- | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 19 δηλῶσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive δηλῶσαι. |
| 17 | τοσόνδε | τοσόσδε | ADJ | A--ASN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 δηλῶσαι | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter accusative singular, amount extent of what must be shown. |
| 18 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 δηλῶσαι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | δηλῶσαι | δηλόω | VERB | V-AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 δεῖ | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of impersonal δεῖ. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 δεῖ | punct | high |