Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 2.30.4

← 2.30.3 2.30.5 →

Passage 2.30.4

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

118Greek tokens

3,419input tokens

8,661output tokens

Sentence 1

2.30.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 18
Input: 726
Output: 1,394
Total: 2,120

τὸ δὲ Πανελλήνιον, ὅτι μὴ τοῦ Διὸς τὸ ἱερόν, ἄλλο τὸ ὄρος ἀξιόλογον εἶχεν οὐδέν.

Main predicate εἶχεν takes τὸ Πανελλήνιον as subject and οὐδέν as object; ἄλλο τὸ ὄρος ἀξιόλογον is a predicative/accusative object-complement phrase. The parenthetical ὅτι μὴ τοῦ Διὸς τὸ ἱερόν is elliptical, approximately ‘because it was not the sanctuary of Zeus’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T--NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 Πανελλήνιον	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	16 εἶχεν	cc	high
3	Πανελλήνιον	Πανελλήνιον	PROPN	Neut-Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 εἶχεν	nsubj	high	Substantivized neuter proper name.
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 εἶχεν	punct	high
5	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	C--------	_	10 ἱερόν	mark	low	Introduces an elliptical parenthetical causal clause; alternatively may be treated as a clause-level paratactic marker.
6	μὴ	μή	PART	T--------	Polarity=Neg	10 ἱερόν	advmod	medium	Negates the elliptical copular predication.
7	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Διὸς	det	high
8	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	Neut?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἱερόν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἱερόν.
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 ἱερόν	det	high	Article of the elliptical predicate noun phrase.
10	ἱερόν	ἱερός	NOUN	A--NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 εἶχεν	parataxis	low	Elliptical parenthetical nominal clause, likely with omitted ἐστίν; attachment is uncertain.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 εἶχεν	punct	high
12	ἄλλο	ἄλλος	ADJ	A--ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 ὄρος	amod	medium	Agrees with τὸ ὄρος; the phrase is an accusative predicative complement with εἶχεν.
13	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ὄρος	det	high
14	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N--ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 εἶχεν	obj	medium	Part of the accusative complement phrase ἄλλο τὸ ὄρος ἀξιόλογον.
15	ἀξιόλογον	ἀξιόλογος	ADJ	A--ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 ὄρος	amod	high	Agrees with ὄρος; semantically ‘noteworthy’.
16	εἶχεν	ἔχω	VERB	V-I aAI3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
17	οὐδέν	οὐδείς	PRON	A-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	16 εἶχεν	obj	high	Substantivized negative pronoun, ‘nothing’.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	16 εἶχεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

2.30.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 10
Input: 654
Output: 783
Total: 1,437

τοῦτο δὲ τὸ ἱερὸν λέγουσιν Αἰακὸν ποιῆσαι τῷ Διί·

Accusative τοῦτο τὸ ἱερόν is the reported-speech subject of ποιῆσαι; Αἰακόν is the accusative agent/subject of the infinitive, while τῷ Διί is its dative recipient/beneficiary. λέγουσιν is an impersonal active reporting verb with omitted plural subject.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	RD-S--NA--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	5 λέγουσιν	obj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	5 λέγουσιν	cc	high
3	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RA-S---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 ἱερὸν	det	high
4	ἱερὸν	ἱερόν	NOUN	A-S---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 τοῦτο	nmod	high	Substantivized adjective, agreeing with τὸ.
5	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
6	Αἰακὸν	Αἰακός	PROPN	N-S---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ποιῆσαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject/agent of the infinitive.
7	ποιῆσαι	ποιέω	VERB	V-AAA-INF	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	5 λέγουσιν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν.
8	τῷ	ὁ	DET	RA-S---MD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 Διί	det	high
9	Διί	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-S---MD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ποιῆσαι	iobj	high	Dative recipient/beneficiary of ποιῆσαι.
10	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	5 λέγουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

2.30.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 69
Input: 1,278
Output: 4,914
Total: 6,192

τὰ δὲ ἐς τὴν Αὐξησίαν καὶ Δαμίαν, ὡς οὐχ ὗεν ὁ θεὸς Ἐπιδαυρίοις, ὡς τὰ ξόανα ταῦτα ἐκ μαντείας ἐποιήσαντο ἐλαίας παρʼ Ἀθηναίων λαβόντες, ὡς Ἐπιδαύριοι μὲν οὐκ ἀπέφερον ἔτι Ἀθηναίοις ἃ ἐτάξαντο οἷα Αἰγινητῶν ἐχόντων τὰ ἀγάλματα, Ἀθηναίων δὲ ἀπώλοντο οἱ διαβάντες διὰ ταῦτα ἐς Αἴγιναν, ταῦτα εἰπόντος Ἡροδότου καθʼ ἕκαστον αὐτῶν ἐπʼ ἀκριβὲς οὔ μοι γράφειν κατὰ γνώμην ἦν εὖ προειρημένα,

Long accusative/topic phrase with successive ὡς clauses; final construction is impersonal ἦν ... γράφειν, with προειρημένα agreeing with ταῦτα. Some attachment choices, especially the first ὡς clause and οἷα-clause, are interpretive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ξόανα	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	53 ταῦτα	cc	high
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	5 Αὐξησίαν	case	high	Epic/Attic variant of εἰς.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 Αὐξησίαν	det	high
5	Αὐξησίαν	Αὐξησία	PROPN	NbASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 ξόανα	nmod	medium	First member of the paired topic/object phrase τὰ ... ἐς Αὐξησίαν καὶ Δαμίαν.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	7 Δαμίαν	cc	high
7	Δαμίαν	Δαμία	PROPN	NbASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 Αὐξησίαν	conj	medium	Paired with Αὐξησίαν.
8	,	,	PUNCT	---------	_	53 ταῦτα	punct	high
9	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C---------	_	11 ὗεν	mark	medium	Introduces explanatory/reported circumstance.
10	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	D---------	Polarity=Neg	11 ὗεν	advmod	high
11	ὗεν	ὕω	VERB	V3SIAAI	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	53 ταῦτα	advcl	medium	Imperfect of ὕω, ‘was raining’; clause subject is ὁ θεός.
12	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 θεὸς	det	high
13	θεὸς	θεός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ὗεν	nsubj	high
14	Ἐπιδαυρίοις	Ἐπιδαύριος	PROPN	Nb-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ὗεν	iobj	high	Dative of affected party.
15	,	,	PUNCT	---------	_	11 ὗεν	punct	high
16	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C---------	_	22 ἐποιήσαντο	mark	medium	Introduces explanatory content.
17	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ξόανα	det	high
18	ξόανα	ξόανον	NOUN	N-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	22 ἐποιήσαντο	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐποιήσαντο.
19	ταῦτα	οὗτος	DET	A-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ξόανα	amod	high	Demonstrative adjective modifying ξόανα.
20	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R---------	_	21 μαντείας	case	high
21	μαντείας	μαντεία	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 ἐποιήσαντο	obl	high	Source/basis: ‘from an oracle’.
22	ἐποιήσαντο	ποιέω	VERB	V3PIMAI	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Mid	53 ταῦτα	advcl	medium	Middle voice: ‘made/caused to be made’.
23	ἐλαίας	ἐλαία	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 ἐποιήσαντο	obl	medium	Genitive of material/source, likely ‘of olive wood’.
24	παρʼ	παρά	ADP	R---------	_	25 Ἀθηναίων	case	high	Before genitive: from.
25	Ἀθηναίων	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	Nb-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	26 λαβόντες	obl	high	Object of λαβόντες with παρά.
26	λαβόντες	λαμβάνω	VERB	V-PAP-NPM	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	22 ἐποιήσαντο	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle; understood subject is the makers/Epidaurians.
27	,	,	PUNCT	---------	_	22 ἐποιήσαντο	punct	high
28	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C---------	_	32 ἀπέφερον	mark	medium	Introduces another explanatory clause.
29	Ἐπιδαύριοι	Ἐπιδαύριος	PROPN	Nb-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	32 ἀπέφερον	nsubj	high
30	μὲν	μέν	PART	D---------	_	32 ἀπέφερον	discourse	high	Correlative μέν with δέ at token 44.
31	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D---------	Polarity=Neg	32 ἀπέφερον	advmod	high
32	ἀπέφερον	ἀποφέρω	VERB	V3PIIAI	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	53 ταῦτα	advcl	medium	Imperfect; object ἃ follows.
33	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D---------	_	32 ἀπέφερον	advmod	high
34	Ἀθηναίοις	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	Nb-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	32 ἀπέφερον	iobj	high
35	ἃ	ὅς	PRON	P-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	32 ἀπέφερον	obj	high	Relative pronoun, antecedent understood goods/dues.
36	ἐτάξαντο	τάσσω	VERB	V3PIMAI	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Mid	35 ἃ	acl:relcl	high	Middle: ‘agreed/assigned’; subject is Epidaurians.
37	οἷα	οἷος	ADJ	A-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	39 ἐχόντων	amod	low	Likely predicative/comparative ‘such as’, with unusual agreement; attachment is uncertain.
38	Αἰγινητῶν	Αἰγινήτης	PROPN	Nb-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	39 ἐχόντων	nsubj	medium	Genitive subject of the participle in a genitive absolute-like comparison.
39	ἐχόντων	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAP-GPM	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	32 ἀπέφερον	advcl	medium	Genitive participial clause: ‘when the Aeginetans possessed...’.
40	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	41 ἀγάλματα	det	high
41	ἀγάλματα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	39 ἐχόντων	obj	high
42	,	,	PUNCT	---------	_	32 ἀπέφερον	punct	high
43	Ἀθηναίων	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	Nb-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	45 ἀπώλοντο	nsubj	medium	Genitive subject with ἀπώλοντο, likely part of the μέν...δέ contrast.
44	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	45 ἀπώλοντο	cc	high	Correlative with μέν at token 30.
45	ἀπώλοντο	ἀπόλλυμι	VERB	V3PIMDI	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Mid	53 ταῦτα	advcl	medium	Middle/deponent in context: ‘perished’.
46	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	47 διαβάντες	det	high	Substantivizing article with participle.
47	διαβάντες	διαβαίνω	VERB	V-PAP-NPM	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	45 ἀπώλοντο	nsubj	high	Substantivized: ‘those who crossed over’.
48	διὰ	διά	ADP	R---------	_	49 ταῦτα	case	high	With accusative: on account of.
49	ταῦτα	οὗτος	PRON	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	47 διαβάντες	obl	high
50	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	51 Αἴγιναν	case	high
51	Αἴγιναν	Αἴγινα	PROPN	Nb-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	47 διαβάντες	obl	high
52	,	,	PUNCT	---------	_	45 ἀπώλοντο	punct	high
53	ταῦτα	οὗτος	PRON	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	66 ἦν	obj	high	Resumptive object of προειρημένα/‘the foregoing matters’.
54	εἰπόντος	λέγω	VERB	V-AAP-GSM	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	66 ἦν	advcl	high	Genitive absolute with Ἡροδότου.
55	Ἡροδότου	Ἡρόδοτος	PROPN	Nb-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	54 εἰπόντος	nsubj	high
56	καθʼ	κατά	ADP	R---------	_	57 ἕκαστον	case	high	Before accusative: according to each/detail by detail.
57	ἕκαστον	ἕκαστος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	63 γράφειν	obl	medium	Substantivized adjective, ‘each [one]’; object of κατά.
58	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	57 ἕκαστον	nmod	high	Partitive genitive with ἕκαστον.
59	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	R---------	_	60 ἀκριβὲς	case	high	With accusative: exactly/in detail.
60	ἀκριβὲς	ἀκριβής	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	63 γράφειν	obl	high	Adverbial accusative phrase.
61	οὔ	οὐ	PART	D---------	Polarity=Neg	63 γράφειν	advmod	high	Negates γράφειν.
62	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	P-1DS	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1	63 γράφειν	iobj	high	Ethical dative: ‘for me’.
63	γράφειν	γράφω	VERB	V-PAN	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	66 ἦν	xcomp	high	Subject of impersonal ἦν; ‘to write’.
64	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R---------	_	65 γνώμην	case	high	With accusative: in accordance with.
65	γνώμην	γνώμη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	63 γράφειν	obl	high	‘According to my judgment/opinion’.
66	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V3SIIAI	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal copular predicate: ‘it was [not my view] to write’.
67	εὖ	εὖ	ADV	D---------	_	68 προειρημένα	advmod	high	‘Well’.
68	προειρημένα	προερέω	VERB	V-RPP-APN	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Pass	53 ταῦτα	acl	medium	Perfect passive participle, ‘having been said before’; agrees with ταῦτα.
69	,	,	PUNCT	---------	_	66 ἦν	punct	high

Sentence 4

2.30.4 sentence 4

Tokens: 21
Input: 761
Output: 1,570
Total: 2,331

πλὴν τοσοῦτό γε ὅτι εἶδόν τε τὰ ἀγάλματα καὶ ἔθυσά σφισι κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ καθὰ δὴ καὶ Ἐλευσῖνι θύειν νομίζουσιν.

πλήν introduces an exceptive qualification; ὅτι governs the finite clause. The final καθά-clause is comparative/relative and contains the impersonal-like νομίζουσιν with an accusive-and-infinitive construction (Ἐλευσῖνι θύειν).

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	πλὴν	πλήν	ADP	ADV	_	2 τοσοῦτό	case	medium	Exceptive preposition/adverb; analyzed as introducing the qualification.
2	τοσοῦτό	τοσοῦτος	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 εἶδόν	obj	medium	Neuter substantive adjective, ‘this much’; case may be nominative or accusative by construction.
3	γε	γε	PART	X	_	2 τοσοῦτό	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
4	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	C	_	5 εἶδόν	mark	high	Introduces the content clause.
5	εἶδόν	ὁράω	VERB	V-AAI-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	First-person aorist indicative; coordinates with ἔθυσά.
6	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	5 εἶδόν	cc	high	First member of τε...καί coordination.
7	τὰ	ὁ	DET	RA-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 ἀγάλματα	det	high	Article modifying ἀγάλματα.
8	ἀγάλματα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	5 εἶδόν	obj	high	Object of εἶδον.
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	10 ἔθυσά	cc	high	Coordinates the second finite verb.
10	ἔθυσά	θύω	VERB	V-AAI-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	5 εἶδόν	conj	high	First-person aorist indicative coordinated with εἶδον.
11	σφισι	σφεῖς	PRON	RP-DP3P	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	10 ἔθυσά	iobj	high	Third-person plural dative pronoun, recipients of sacrifice.
12	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	P	_	14 αὐτὰ	case	high	Preposition governing the accusative phrase τὰ αὐτά.
13	τὰ	ὁ	DET	RA-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 αὐτὰ	det	high	Article modifying αὐτά.
14	αὐτὰ	αὐτός	PRON	RP-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 ἔθυσά	obl	high	Substantive accusative phrase, ‘in the same ways’; governed by κατά.
15	καθὰ	καθώς	SCONJ	C	_	20 νομίζουσιν	mark	medium	Comparative/relative connector, ‘just as’; orthographic form καθά.
16	δὴ	δή	PART	X	_	15 καθὰ	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	19 θύειν	cc	medium	Correlative ‘also/even’ particle associated with the comparison.
18	Ἐλευσῖνι	Ἐλευσίς	PROPN	Ne-D-S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 θύειν	obl	high	Dative of place or association with θύειν.
19	θύειν	θύω	VERB	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	20 νομίζουσιν	xcomp	high	Present active infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive complement of νομίζουσιν; implicit subject is understood.
20	νομίζουσιν	νομίζω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	15 καθὰ	advcl	medium	Present third-person plural; governs θύειν as a belief/thought complement. Subject is implicit.
21	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	5 εἶδόν	punct	high

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