Grammar parses for passage 2.30.7
Open translation for this passage
ἔλεγον δὲ ὅτι οὗτος τῇ Σαρωνίδι τὸ ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδι ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ τελματώδει καὶ ἐπιπολῆς μᾶλλον, ὥστε καὶ Φοιβαία λίμνη διὰ τοῦτο ἐκαλεῖτο.
Indirect statement with an inner clause describing the building and a result clause introduced by ὥστε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔλεγον | λέγω | VERB | V-IIPIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἔλεγον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἔλεγον | ccomp | high | Introduces indirect statement. |
| 4 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | P-NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 ᾠκοδόμησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ᾠκοδόμησεν. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-SFD--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Σαρωνίδι | det | high | Article with Σαρωνίδι. |
| 6 | Σαρωνίδι | Σαρωνίς | PROPN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ᾠκοδόμησεν | iobj | medium | Likely dative of reference/location with the verb; uncertain proper-name type. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἱερὸν | det | high | Article with ἱερὸν. |
| 8 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obj | high | Direct object. |
| 9 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Dative complement depending on ἱερὸν. |
| 10 | ᾠκοδόμησεν | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-AAIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ὅτι | ccomp | high | Verb of indirect statement. |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 12 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obl | high | Locative/positional oblique. |
| 13 | τελματώδει | τελματώδης | ADJ | A-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 θαλάσσῃ | amod | high | Adjective modifying θαλάσσῃ. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐπιπολῆς | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 15 | ἐπιπολῆς | ἐπιπολής | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 μᾶλλον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying μᾶλλον. |
| 16 | μᾶλλον | μάλλον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ᾠκοδόμησεν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying the manner/location description. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ᾠκοδόμησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἐκαλεῖτο | mark | high | Result clause marker. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 Φοιβαία | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 20 | Φοιβαία | Φοιβαία | ADJ | A-NSF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 λίμνη | amod | medium | Likely adjectival proper name modifying λίμνη. |
| 21 | λίμνη | λίμνη | NOUN | N-NSF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐκαλεῖτο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκαλεῖτο. |
| 22 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 τοῦτο | case | high | Preposition. |
| 23 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 24 ἐκαλεῖτο | obl | high | Causal oblique with διά. |
| 24 | ἐκαλεῖτο | καλέω | VERB | V-IMPIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 18 ὥστε | advcl | high | Result clause predicate. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐκαλεῖτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Σάρωνα δὲ---θηρεύειν γὰρ δὴ μάλιστα ᾕρητο---κατέλαβεν ἔλαφον διώκοντα ἐς θάλασσαν συνεσπεσεῖν φευγούσῃ·
The passage contains a parenthetical aside with ᾕρητο and an infinitival construction; attachment of the participial phrase φευγούσῃ is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σάρωνα | Σάρων | PROPN | N-S---ACM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 κατέλαβεν | obj | high | Direct object of κατέλαβεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Dash marking parenthetical insertion. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Dash marking parenthetical insertion. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Dash marking parenthetical insertion. |
| 6 | θηρεύειν | θηρεύω | VERB | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 ᾕρητο | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive with ᾕρητο. |
| 7 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ᾕρητο | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 8 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ᾕρητο | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 9 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 10 ᾕρητο | advmod | high | Modifies ᾕρητο. |
| 10 | ᾕρητο | αἱρέω | VERB | V-MIP3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 14 κατέλαβεν | advcl | medium | Parenthetical clause; exact discourse relation to main clause is somewhat uncertain. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Dash marking parenthetical insertion. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Dash marking parenthetical insertion. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Dash marking parenthetical insertion. |
| 14 | κατέλαβεν | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 15 | ἔλαφον | ἔλαφος | NOUN | N-S---ACM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 κατέλαβεν | obj | high | Object of κατέλαβεν. |
| 16 | διώκοντα | διώκω | VERB | V-PPA-ACM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἔλαφον | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying ἔλαφον. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 θάλασσαν | case | high | Preposition governing θάλασσαν. |
| 18 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-S---AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 συνεσπεσεῖν | obl | high | Dependent of συνεσπεσεῖν. |
| 19 | συνεσπεσεῖν | συνεμπίπτω | VERB | V-AAN---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 κατέλαβεν | xcomp | medium | Infinitival complement; semantics slightly uncertain. |
| 20 | φευγούσῃ | φεύγω | VERB | V-PPA-DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 συνεσπεσεῖν | advcl | medium | Dative participle; likely circumstantial, exact attachment uncertain. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἤδη δὲ κάμνοντα αὐτὸν καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων κατακλυζόμενον ἐπέλαβε τὸ χρεών.
The syntax is an impersonal construction with τὸ χρεών as the subject-like nominal of ἐπέλαβε, while two accusative participles describe the affected person.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἐπέλαβε | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 ἐπέλαβε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | κάμνοντα | κάμνω | VERB | V-PAP-AMA- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἐπέλαβε | advcl | high | Participial circumstance predicated of αὐτόν. |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 κάμνοντα | obj | medium | Object/complement of κάμνοντα. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 9 κατακλυζόμενον | cc | high | Coordinates participial modifiers. |
| 6 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 κυμάτων | case | high | Marks agent/source with genitive. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---FG-- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 κυμάτων | det | high | Article with κυμάτων. |
| 8 | κυμάτων | κῦμα | NOUN | N-P---NG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 κατακλυζόμενον | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 9 | κατακλυζόμενον | κατακλύζω | VERB | V-PPP-AMA- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἐπέλαβε | advcl | high | Second participial circumstance, coordinated with κάμνοντα. |
| 10 | ἐπέλαβε | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NA-- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 χρεών | det | high | Article with χρεών. |
| 12 | χρεών | χρεών | NOUN | N-S---NA-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπέλαβε | nsubj | high | Impersonal subject/predicative noun with article. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπέλαβε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐκπεσόντα δὲ τὸν νεκρὸν κατὰ τὴν Φοιβαίαν λίμνην ἐς τὸ ἄλσος τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ἐντὸς τοῦ ἱεροῦ περιβόλου θάπτουσι.
The participial phrase ἐκπεσόντα δὲ depends on the main verb and is best read as a circumstance/background description of the dead man.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκπεσόντα | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 θάπτουσι | advcl | high | Aorist active participle modifying the object; temporal/causal background clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PUNCT | _ | 18 θάπτουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 νεκρὸν | det | high | Article modifying νεκρόν. |
| 4 | νεκρὸν | νεκρός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 θάπτουσι | obj | high | Substantival adjective, direct object of θάπτουσι. |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 λίμνην | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 λίμνην | det | high | Article modifying λίμνην. |
| 7 | Φοιβαίαν | Φοιβαία | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 λίμνην | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of λίμνην; treated as proper-like epithet. |
| 8 | λίμνην | λίμνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 θάπτουσι | obl | high | Object of κατά. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἄλσος | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἄλσος | det | high | Article modifying ἄλσος. |
| 11 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 θάπτουσι | obl | high | Goal phrase with ἐς. |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Ἀρτέμιδος | det | high | Article modifying Ἀρτέμιδος. |
| 13 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄλσος. |
| 14 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 περιβόλου | case | high | Postposition/preposition with genitive. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 περιβόλου | det | high | Article modifying περιβόλου. |
| 16 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 περιβόλου | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying περιβόλου. |
| 17 | περιβόλου | περίβολος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive object of ἐντός, modifying ἄλσος phrase. |
| 18 | θάπτουσι | θάπτω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 θάπτουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ λίμνην ἀπὸ τούτου Σαρωνίδα τὴν ταύτῃ θάλασσαν καλοῦσιν ἀντὶ Φοιβαίας.
The syntax is straightforward, but Σαρωνίδα is interpreted as an adjectival ethnic/name modifying λίμνην, and ταύτῃ as a dative modifier of θάλασσαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking to prior clause. |
| 2 | λίμνην | λίμνη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Direct object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 4 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing τούτου. |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 καλοῦσιν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 5 | Σαρωνίδα | Σαρωνίς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 λίμνην | amod | medium | Treat as adjectival ethnic/name modifying λίμνην. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 θάλασσαν | det | high | Definite article modifying θάλασσαν. |
| 7 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 θάλασσαν | amod | medium | Dative demonstrative modifying θάλασσαν; sense 'here/this'. |
| 8 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 9 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Φοιβαίας | case | high | Preposition governing Φοιβαίας. |
| 11 | Φοιβαίας | Φοιβαία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 καλοῦσιν | obl | medium | Prepositional phrase expressing replacement ('instead of'). |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |