Grammar parses for passage 2.31.10
Open translation for this passage
καὶ Ἑρμῆς ἐνταῦθά ἐστι Πολύγιος καλούμενος.
Copular clause: Ἑρμῆς is the subject, Πολύγιος a predicate nominal, and καλούμενος is a supplementary participle agreeing with Ἑρμῆς; ἐνταῦθα is a locative adverb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 Ἑρμῆς | cc | high | |
| 2 | Ἑρμῆς | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Personal/divine name. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 4 ἐστι | advmod | high | Locative adverb; final accent is conditioned before ἐστι. |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Πολύγιος | Πολύγιος | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | xcomp | high | Predicate name after copula. |
| 6 | καλούμενος | καλέω | VERB | V-PMP-SMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 2 Ἑρμῆς | acl | high | Supplementary/passive participle, agreeing with Ἑρμῆς; ‘called/named’. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high |
πρὸς τούτῳ τῷ ἀγάλματι τὸ ῥόπαλον θεῖναί φασιν Ἡρακλέα· καὶ---ἦν γὰρ κοτίνου---τοῦτο μὲν ὅτῳ πιστὰ ἐνέφυ τῇ γῇ καὶ ἀνεβλάστησεν αὖθις καὶ ἔστιν ὁ κότινος πεφυκὼς ἔτι,
Infinitival construction with φασίν governs θεῖναί and accusative Ἡρακλέα; τοῦτο resumes the club, with ὅτῳ referring instrumentally/relative to the place or object in which it took root. The dashes are editorial punctuation tokens.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 ἀγάλματι | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD----DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἀγάλματι | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἀγάλματι. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἀγάλματι | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀγάλματι | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-----DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 θεῖναί | obl | high | Dative with πρός, locative/reference adjunct. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ῥόπαλον | det | high | |
| 6 | ῥόπαλον | ῥόπαλον | NOUN | N-----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 θεῖναί | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of the infinitive. |
| 7 | θεῖναί | τίθημι | VERB | V--AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 φασιν | xcomp | high | Aorist active infinitive governed by φασίν. |
| 8 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 θεῖναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates the explanatory clause. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 15 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 8 φασιν | conj | medium | Imperfect copula in parenthetical explanation; predicate complement is κοτίνου. |
| 16 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 17 | κοτίνου | κότινος | NOUN | N-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Genitive predicate complement, elliptically ‘was of wild olive’. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 21 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 25 ἐνέφυ | obj | high | Resumptive demonstrative referring to the club. |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 21 τοῦτο | discourse | high | |
| 23 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | PI----DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 25 ἐνέφυ | obl | low | Form is dative masculine/neuter singular relative pronoun; antecedent and precise semantic role are uncertain in the transmitted wording. |
| 24 | πιστὰ | πιστός | ADJ | A----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἐνέφυ | advmod | low | Likely adverbial/idiomatic use, perhaps ‘firmly’; exact analysis uncertain. |
| 25 | ἐνέφυ | ἐμφύω | VERB | V-AAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 32 ἔστιν | ccomp | medium | Aorist of ἐμφύω, ‘took root/grew into’; subject is resumptive τοῦτο. |
| 26 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 γῇ | det | high | |
| 27 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐνέφυ | obl | high | Dative with ἐμφύω, construed as the ground/earth. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 ἀνεβλάστησεν | cc | high | |
| 29 | ἀνεβλάστησεν | ἀναβλαστάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 25 ἐνέφυ | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐνέφυ. |
| 30 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 29 ἀνεβλάστησεν | advmod | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 32 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated main predicate; alternatively the whole continuation may be attached under φασίν. |
| 33 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 κότινος | det | high | |
| 34 | κότινος | κότινος | NOUN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 35 | πεφυκὼς | φύω | VERB | V-RAP-Nも | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 κότινος | acl | high | Perfect active participle, agreeing with κότινος; xpos contains an uncertain/nonstandard final code. |
| 36 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 35 πεφυκὼς | advmod | high | ‘Still’. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἔστιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Διὸς ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Σωτῆρος· ποιῆσαι δὲ αὐτὸ βασιλεύοντα Ἀέτιον τὸν Ἄνθα λέγουσιν.
The first clause is an existential construction with ἱερόν as predicate/subject-like noun and Διός as genitive dependent; ἐπίκλησιν is an adverbial accusative meaning ‘by the epithet’, with Σωτῆρος dependent on it. The infinitive ποιῆσαι is an explanatory complement, while βασιλεύοντα and τὸν Ἄνθα form an accusative participial construction with αὐτό as object; the subject of λέγουσιν is generic/implicit.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἱερὸν | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 ἱερὸν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 ἱερὸν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Existential predicate/subject-like noun; nominative neuter singular. |
| 6 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘by the epithet/name’. |
| 7 | Σωτῆρος | σωτήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | high | |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἱερὸν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἱερὸν | xcomp | medium | Explanatory infinitive after the statement that the sanctuary exists. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 ποιῆσαι | cc | high | |
| 11 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 9 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | Object of ποιῆσαι, referring to the sanctuary. |
| 12 | βασιλεύοντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 Ἀέτιον | acl | medium | Accusative participle agreeing with Ἀέτιον; construction is semantically elliptical/uncertain. |
| 13 | Ἀέτιον | Ἀέτιος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ποιῆσαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive; proper name. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἄνθα | det | high | |
| 15 | Ἄνθα | Ἄνθας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 βασιλεύοντα | obj | medium | Proper name; accusative, governed within the participial phrase. |
| 16 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ποιῆσαι | parataxis | medium | Generic reporting verb with implicit subject; syntactic attachment to the infinitival assertion is uncertain. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ποιῆσαι | punct | high |
ὕδωρ δὲ ὀνομάζουσι Χρυσορόαν· αὐχμοῦ δὲ ἐπὶ ἔτη συμβάντος σφίσιν ἐννέα, ἐν οἷς οὐχ ὗεν ὁ θεός, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἀναξηρανθῆναί φασιν ὕδατα, τὸν δὲ Χρυσορόαν τοῦτον καὶ τότε ὁμοίως διαμεῖναι ῥέοντα.
Infinitival clauses depend on φασιν: τὰ ἄλλα ὕδατα is the accusative subject of ἀναξηρανθῆναι, while τὸν Χρυσορόαν τοῦτον is the accusative subject of διαμεῖναι; ῥέοντα is a predicate/resultative participle agreeing with Χρυσορόαν. The opening ὕδωρ Χρυσορόαν is an accusative naming construction with omitted/understood subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Subject/object of naming construction; nominative form with ὀνομάζουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb; subject is unexpressed third-person plural. |
| 4 | Χρυσορόαν | Χρυσορόας | PROPN | n-s---aa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | medium | Accusative name complement in naming construction. |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | |
| 6 | αὐχμοῦ | αὐχμός | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 συμβάντος | obl | high | Genitive absolute noun, with συμβάντος. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 συμβάντος | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 9 ἔτη | case | high | |
| 9 | ἔτη | ἔτος | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 συμβάντος | obl | high | Duration accusative with ἐπί. |
| 10 | συμβάντος | συμβαίνω | VERB | v-sapmng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 11 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | p-p---nd- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 10 συμβάντος | obl | high | Dative of affected persons in the genitive-absolute clause. |
| 12 | ἐννέα | ἐννέα | NUM | m-------- | NumType=Card | 9 ἔτη | nummod | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 συμβάντος | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 15 οἷς | case | high | |
| 15 | οἷς | ὅς | PRON | p-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ὗεν | obl | high | Relative pronoun referring to ἔτη. |
| 16 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 17 ὗεν | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ὗεν | ὕω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 10 συμβάντος | acl:relcl | high | Impersonal weather verb with ὁ θεός as explicit agent/subject. |
| 18 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 θεός | det | high | |
| 19 | θεός | θεός | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὗεν | nsubj | medium | Explicit subject/agent of the weather verb. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | punct | high | |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 23 ἄλλα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, paired with δέ at token 29. |
| 23 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ὕδατα | amod | high | Substantivized adjective modifying ὕδατα. |
| 24 | ἀναξηρανθῆναί | ἀναξηραίνω | VERB | v---app--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 25 φασιν | xcomp | high | First accusative-and-infinitive complement of φασιν. |
| 25 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | conj | high | Reports the two coordinated infinitival clauses. |
| 26 | ὕδατα | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀναξηρανθῆναι. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 28 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Χρυσορόαν | det | high | |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μέν at token 22. |
| 30 | Χρυσορόαν | Χρυσορόας | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 διαμεῖναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of διαμεῖναι. |
| 31 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Χρυσορόαν | det | high | Demonstrative determiner reinforcing the proper name. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | cc | high | Additive coordinator, ‘also/even then’. |
| 33 | τότε | τότε | ADV | d-------- | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | advmod | high | |
| 34 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | advmod | high | ‘Similarly/likewise’. |
| 35 | διαμεῖναι | διαμένω | VERB | v---aan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 25 φασιν | conj | high | Second accusative-and-infinitive complement coordinated with ἀναξηρανθῆναι. |
| 36 | ῥέοντα | ῥέω | VERB | v-sppama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 διαμεῖναι | xcomp | high | Predicative participle agreeing with accusative Χρυσορόαν. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high |