Grammar parses for passage 2.31.10
Open translation for this passage
πρὸς τούτῳ τῷ ἀγάλματι τὸ ῥόπαλον θεῖναί φασιν Ἡρακλέα· καὶ---ἦν γὰρ κοτίνου---τοῦτο μὲν ὅτῳ πιστὰ ἐνέφυ τῇ γῇ καὶ ἀνεβλάστησεν αὖθις καὶ ἔστιν ὁ κότινος πεφυκὼς ἔτι,
The sentence is highly paratactic, with an accusative-with-infinitive report and a parenthetical explanatory clause; the damaged/elliptical κοτίνου segment is syntactically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 4 ἀγάλματι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἀγάλματι | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἀγάλματι. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἀγάλματι | det | high | Article modifying ἀγάλματι. |
| 4 | ἀγάλματι | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 θεῖναί | obl | high | Dative complement with πρός. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ῥόπαλον | det | high | Article modifying ῥόπαλον. |
| 6 | ῥόπαλον | ῥόπαλον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 θεῖναί | obj | high | Object of θεῖναί. |
| 7 | θεῖναί | τίθημι | VERB | AOR_INF_ACT | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασιν. |
| 8 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | PRES_ACT_IND_3PL | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἦν | parataxis | medium | Main report verb; coordinated/explanatory with following clause. |
| 9 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 θεῖναί | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of infinitive θεῖναί in accusative with infinitive. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 15 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | IMPF_ACT_IND_3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/explanatory clause introducing parenthetical reason. |
| 16 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 17 | κοτίνου | κότινος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἦν | xcomp | low | Probably genitive of material/attribute in ellipsis with ἦν. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 21 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 25 ἐνέφυ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνέφυ. |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 21 τοῦτο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 23 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 25 ἐνέφυ | obl | medium | Relative dative, likely with πιστά as predicate/adjunct; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 24 | πιστὰ | πιστός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἐνέφυ | obj | low | Morphology uncertain; probably adverbial/predicative use meaning 'firmly' or 'securely'. |
| 25 | ἐνέφυ | ἐμφύω | VERB | AOR_ACT_IND_3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the descriptive clause. |
| 26 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 γῇ | det | high | Article modifying γῇ. |
| 27 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐνέφυ | obl | high | Dative of location with ἐνέφυ. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ἀνεβλάστησεν | cc | high | Coordination. |
| 29 | ἀνεβλάστησεν | ἀναβλαστάνω | VERB | AOR_ACT_IND_3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 25 ἐνέφυ | conj | high | Coordinated verb with ἐνέφυ. |
| 30 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | _ | _ | 29 ἀνεβλάστησεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀνεβλάστησεν. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 32 ἔστιν | cc | high | Coordination. |
| 32 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | PRES_ACT_IND_3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ἐνέφυ | conj | high | Coordinated present-state clause. |
| 33 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 κότινος | det | high | Article modifying κότινος. |
| 34 | κότινος | κότινος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστιν. |
| 35 | πεφυκὼς | φύω | VERB | PSTP_PFV_ACT_NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 κότινος | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying κότινος. |
| 36 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 32 ἔστιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔστιν. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐνέφυ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸν δὲ Ἡρακλέα λέγουσιν ἀνευρόντα τὸν πρὸς τῇ Σαρωνίδι κότινον ἀπὸ τούτου τεμεῖν ῥόπαλον.
The main syntactic difficulty is the participial phrase ἀνευρόντα τὸν πρὸς τῇ Σαρωνίδι κότινον, which likely modifies Ἡρακλέα; ἀπὸ τούτου attaches to τεμεῖν as its source/complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἡρακλέα | det | high | Article with Ἡρακλέα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of λέγουσιν. |
| 4 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | ἀνευρόντα | ἀνευρίσκω | VERB | V-AAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Ἡρακλέα | advcl | medium | Participial clause modifying Ἡρακλέα; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 κότινον | det | high | Article with κότινον. |
| 7 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 10 κότινον | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S-DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Σαρωνίδι | det | high | Article with Σαρωνίδι. |
| 9 | Σαρωνίδι | Σαρωνίς | PROPN | N-DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 κότινον | nmod | high | Dative complement of πρὸς. |
| 10 | κότινον | κότινος | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνευρόντα | obj | medium | Object of ἀνευρόντα; phrase with πρὸς τῇ Σαρωνίδι modifies the noun. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R | _ | 13 τεμεῖν | case | high | Marks source. |
| 12 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 τεμεῖν | obl | high | Genitive complement with ἀπό. |
| 13 | τεμεῖν | τέμνω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of λέγουσιν. |
| 14 | ῥόπαλον | ῥόπαλον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 τεμεῖν | obj | high | Object of τεμεῖν. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Διὸς ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Σωτῆρος· ποιῆσαι δὲ αὐτὸ βασιλεύοντα Ἀέτιον τὸν Ἄνθα λέγουσιν.
The syntax is two-part: an existential statement headed by ἔστι, then a reported assertion with infinitive ποιῆσαι governed by λέγουσιν; the internal argument structure of the infinitival clause is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb as matrix root. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | medium | Adds emphatic/focalizing force. |
| 4 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἱερόν. |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-S---NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject/predicate noun with existential ἔστι. |
| 6 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-S---FSA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | obl | medium | Likely accusative of respect: 'with the epithet'. |
| 7 | Σωτῆρος | Σωτήρ | NOUN | N-S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐπίκλησιν. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 9 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 9 ποιῆσαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 11 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-3SNSA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ποιῆσαι | obj | medium | Object of infinitive; gender may be neuter if referring to the temple. |
| 12 | βασιλεύοντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 αὐτὸ | amod | low | Likely participial modifier of αὐτό, though syntax is somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | Ἀέτιον | Ἀέτιος | PROPN | N-S---MAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ποιῆσαι | obj | medium | Accusative subject/object within infinitival clause, likely personal name. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-S---MAS- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἄνθα | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 15 | Ἄνθα | Ἄνθας | PROPN | N-S---MAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Likely object of λέγουσιν in indirect discourse-like construction. |
| 16 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστι | parataxis | medium | Main reporting verb following the infinitival clause. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὕδωρ δὲ ὀνομάζουσι Χρυσορόαν· αὐχμοῦ δὲ ἐπὶ ἔτη συμβάντος σφίσιν ἐννέα, ἐν οἷς οὐχ ὗεν ὁ θεός, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἀναξηρανθῆναί φασιν ὕδατα, τὸν δὲ Χρυσορόαν τοῦτον καὶ τότε ὁμοίως διαμεῖναι ῥέοντα.
The sentence has two report clauses with a genitive absolute and a relative temporal clause; the final infinitive phrase depends on φασιν, with ῥέοντα attached as a participial modifier of Χρυσορόαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Object of ὀνομάζουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of the first clause. |
| 4 | Χρυσορόαν | Χρυσορόας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | medium | Name in accusative, direct object/predicate complement of naming. |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | αὐχμοῦ | αὐχμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 συμβάντος | obl | high | Genitive absolute with συμβάντος. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 συμβάντος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 10 συμβάντος | case | high | Preposition governing ἔτη. |
| 9 | ἔτη | ἔτος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 συμβάντος | obl | high | Part of the temporal phrase with ἐπί. |
| 10 | συμβάντος | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | advcl | high | Genitive absolute modifying the later infinitival/reporting clause. |
| 11 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | obl | medium | Dative of reference/interest within the genitive absolute context. |
| 12 | ἐννέα | ἐννέα | NUM | M- | NumType=Card | 9 ἔτη | nummod | high | Numeral modifying ἔτη. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 15 οἷς | case | high | Preposition governing οἷς. |
| 15 | οἷς | ὅς | PRON | P-APN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 17 ὗεν | obl | high | Relative pronoun in a temporal/clausal adjunct. |
| 16 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 17 ὗεν | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 17 | ὗεν | ὕω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 15 οἷς | acl:relcl | high | Verb in the relative clause. |
| 18 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 θεός | det | high | Article with θεός. |
| 19 | θεός | θεός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὗεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ὗεν. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 ὕδατα | det | high | Article with ὕδατα. |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 21 τὰ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 23 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ὕδατα | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ὕδατα. |
| 24 | ἀναξηρανθῆναί | ἀναξηραίνω | VERB | V-APN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 25 φασιν | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασιν. |
| 25 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ὀνομάζουσι | conj | high | Second reporting verb coordinated with the first clause. |
| 26 | ὕδατα | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἀναξηρανθῆναί | obj | high | Subject-like argument of the passive infinitive. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 Χρυσορόαν | det | high | Article with Χρυσορόαν. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 30 | Χρυσορόαν | Χρυσορόας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 διαμεῖναι | obj | medium | Object of διαμεῖναι; repeated name. |
| 31 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 30 Χρυσορόαν | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Χρυσορόαν. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 33 τότε | cc | high | Coordinates adverbial elements. |
| 33 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 34 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D | _ | 35 διαμεῖναι | advmod | high | Manner adverb modifying διαμεῖναι. |
| 35 | διαμεῖναι | διαμένω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 25 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασιν. |
| 36 | ῥέοντα | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 Χρυσορόαν | acl | high | Attributive/resultative participle modifying Χρυσορόαν. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |