Grammar parses for passage 2.31.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐν τούτῳ δέ εἰσι τῷ ναῷ βωμοὶ θεῶν τῶν λεγομένων ὑπὸ γῆν ἄρχειν,
Locative εἰσι governs βωμοί, with ἐν + dative phrase specifying location; τῶν λεγομένων ... ἄρχειν is a genitive participial relative modifying θεῶν, with ὑπό + accusative expressing rule over those beneath the earth.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 6 ναῷ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | Pd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ναῷ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ναῷ. |
| 3 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 εἰσι | cc | high | |
| 4 | εἰσι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/locative verb. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S----DMS- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ναῷ | det | high | |
| 6 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | N--DMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 εἰσι | obl | high | Dative of location with ἐν. |
| 7 | βωμοὶ | βωμός | NOUN | N--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Existential subject. |
| 8 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 βωμοὶ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βωμοί. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S----GPM- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 λεγομένων | det | high | Article introducing the attributive participle. |
| 10 | λεγομένων | λέγω | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 8 θεῶν | acl | high | Genitive plural participle agreeing with θεῶν. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 12 γῆν | case | high | With accusative γῆν. |
| 12 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N--A-SF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἄρχειν | obl | high | Accusative object of ὑπό, with ἄρχειν. |
| 13 | ἄρχειν | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 λεγομένων | xcomp | medium | Infinitive complement of λεγομένων; θεοί are understood subject. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἰσι | punct | high |
καί φασιν ἐξ Ἅιδου Σεμέλην τε ὑπὸ Διονύσου κομισθῆναι ταύτῃ καὶ ὡς Ἡρακλῆς ἀναγάγοι τὸν κύνα τοῦ Ἅιδου·
Infinitival construction governed by φασιν: Σεμέλην is the accusative subject of κομισθῆναι, while the coordinated clause introduced by ὡς has an optative ἀναγάγοι with Ἡρακλῆς as subject; ταύτῃ is an elliptical locative/directional adverbial referring to the route or place.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Ἅιδου | case | high | |
| 4 | Ἅιδου | ᾍδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 κομισθῆναι | obl | high | |
| 5 | Σεμέλην | Σεμέλη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κομισθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Σεμέλην | cc | high | Correlates with καί at token 11. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Διονύσου | case | high | |
| 8 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 κομισθῆναι | obl:agent | high | |
| 9 | κομισθῆναι | κομίζω | VERB | V-ANP | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 2 φασιν | ccomp | high | |
| 10 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κομισθῆναι | obl | medium | Likely elliptical locative or directional dative; precise syntactic relation is uncertain. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἀναγάγοι | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported content with the first. |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἀναγάγοι | mark | high | Introduces reported content with optative. |
| 13 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀναγάγοι | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | ἀναγάγοι | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-AOA-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 2 φασιν | ccomp | high | Optative in reported content after φασιν. |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κύνα | det | high | |
| 16 | κύνα | κύων | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀναγάγοι | obj | high | |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ἅιδου | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἅιδου | ᾍδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κύνα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κύνα. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 φασιν | punct | high |
ἐγὼ δὲ Σεμέλην μὲν οὐδὲ ἀποθανεῖν ἀρχὴν πείθομαι Διός γε οὖσαν γυναῖκα,
The accusative-and-infinitive complement of πείθομαι is Σεμέλην ἀποθανεῖν, with οὖσαν γυναῖκα Διός as a predicative participial phrase; ἀρχήν is an adverbial accusative meaning ‘at all’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγὼ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1NS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 8 πείθομαι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 πείθομαι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Σεμέλην | Σεμέλη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποθανεῖν | obj | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 3 Σεμέλην | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is not expressed in this sentence. |
| 5 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 ἀποθανεῖν | advmod | medium | Negative additive particle introducing the infinitival phrase. |
| 6 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 πείθομαι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with πείθομαι. |
| 7 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποθανεῖν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘at all/from the outset’; lexicalized adverbial use. |
| 8 | πείθομαι | πείθω | VERB | V-1PMI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice ‘I am persuaded/believe’. |
| 9 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 οὖσαν | obl | high | Genitive dependent on οὖσαν, ‘being Zeus’s wife’. |
| 10 | γε | γε | PART | PRT | _ | 9 Διός | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle attached to the genitive phrase. |
| 11 | οὖσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἀποθανεῖν | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Σεμέλην; circumstantial/predicative participle. |
| 12 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 οὖσαν | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with οὖσαν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πείθομαι | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ ἐς τὸν ὀνομαζόμενον Ἅιδου κύνα ἑτέρωθι ἔσται μοι δῆλα ὁποῖα εἶναί μοι δοκεῖ.
The clause means roughly ‘as for the things concerning the so-called Hades’ dog, elsewhere it will be clear to me what they seem to me to be’; δῆλα is the main predicative complement, while ὁποῖα εἶναι δοκεῖ is an embedded characterization.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-PNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 δῆλα | nsubj | high | Neuter plural article substantivized; subject of ἔσται. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C—— | _ | 11 δῆλα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R—— | _ | 7 κύνα | case | high | Epic/poetic variant of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὀνομαζόμενον | det | high | |
| 5 | ὀνομαζόμενον | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPMSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 κύνα | amod | high | Attributive passive participle modifying κύνα. |
| 6 | Ἅιδου | ᾍδης | PROPN | N-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὀνομαζόμενον | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ὀνομαζόμενον, indicating the name/designation; traditionally construed ‘named Hades’. |
| 7 | κύνα | κύων | NOUN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 δῆλα | obj | high | Accusative object/topic of δῆλα; phrase ἐς τὸν ... κύνα. |
| 8 | ἑτέρωθι | ἑτέρωθι | ADV | D—— | Degree=Pos | 9 ἔσται | advmod | high | Adverb ‘elsewhere/on another occasion’. |
| 9 | ἔσται | εἰμί | AUX | V-F3S— | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Future copular/possessive predicate: ‘will be clear’. |
| 10 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1S-D— | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 11 δῆλα | obl | high | Dative of reference with δῆλα. |
| 11 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | A-PNN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔσται | xcomp | high | Neuter plural predicative adjective with understood subject τὰ. |
| 12 | ὁποῖα | ὁποῖος | ADJ | A-PNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 δοκεῖ | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement in the infinitival clause, agreeing with understood neuter plural subject τὰ. |
| 13 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 δοκεῖ | cop | high | Copula of the infinitival complement. |
| 14 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1S-D— | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 15 δοκεῖ | obl | high | Dative of experiencer with δοκεῖ. |
| 15 | δοκεῖ | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 ἔσται | ccomp | high | Impersonal ‘it seems to me’; governs the infinitive εἶναι. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔσται | punct | high |