Grammar parses for passage 2.31.6
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Θεαρίου κατασκευάσαι μὲν Πιτθέα ἔφασαν, ἔστι δὲ ὧν οἶδα παλαιότατον.
The sentence contrasts an asserted origin (Πιτθέα κατασκευάσαι) with an evaluative clause: the temple is the oldest among those known to the speaker; the relative ὧν is best treated as substantival partitive genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 11 ἔφασαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔφασαν | obj | high | Subject of the impersonal/passive-like reporting construction; semantically the temple is what was constructed. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἀπόλλωνος | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Θεαρίου | det | high | |
| 7 | Θεαρίου | Θεάριος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἀπόλλωνος | appos | medium | Epithet in the genitive, appositional to Ἀπόλλωνος. |
| 8 | κατασκευάσαι | κατασκευάζω | VERB | V-ANF | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ἔφασαν | ccomp | high | Aorist infinitive in indirect assertion after ἔφασαν. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 8 κατασκευάσαι | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; its corresponding δέ occurs at token 14. |
| 10 | Πιτθέα | Πιτθεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κατασκευάσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | ἔφασαν | φημί | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔφασαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἔφασαν | conj | high | Existential/copular clause coordinated with the reporting clause; understood subject is τὸ ἱερόν. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 13 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 15 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | R-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 οἶδα | obj | medium | Partitive genitive: among the things/temples that I know; relative pronoun is substantival. |
| 16 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 17 παλαιότατον | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying the superlative παλαιότατον. |
| 17 | παλαιότατον | παλαιός | ADJ | A-NSN-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἔστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with ἔστι; neuter agrees with the understood subject ἱερόν. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔστι | punct | high |
ἀρχαῖος μὲν οὖν καὶ Φωκαεῦσι τοῖς ἐν Ἰωνίᾳ ναός ἐστιν Ἀθηνᾶς, ὃν Ἅρπαγός ποτε ὁ Μῆδος ἐνέπρησεν, ἀρχαῖος δὲ καὶ ὁ Σαμίοις Ἀπόλλωνος Πυθίου·
The sentence has two coordinated nominal clauses with ναός understood in the second: ἀρχαῖος ... ναός ἐστιν Ἀθηνᾶς and ἀρχαῖος ... ὁ ... Ἀπόλλωνος Πυθίου. The relative clause modifies ναός; ὃν is its object and Ἅρπαγός its subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀρχαῖος | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ναός | amod | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 1 ἀρχαῖος | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | G--------- | _ | 1 ἀρχαῖος | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 Φωκαεῦσι | cc | high | |
| 5 | Φωκαεῦσι | Φωκαεύς | PROPN | Ne-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ναός | obl | high | Dative of possession/reference. |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Φωκαεῦσι | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 Ἰωνίᾳ | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἰωνίᾳ | Ἰωνία | PROPN | Ne-LSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Φωκαεῦσι | nmod | high | Location within the article's dative group. |
| 9 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAS-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | Ne-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ναός | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐνέπρησεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνέπρησεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to ναός. |
| 14 | Ἅρπαγός | Ἅρπαγος | PROPN | Ne-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνέπρησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | D--------- | _ | 18 ἐνέπρησεν | advmod | high | Indefinite temporal adverb. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Μῆδος | det | high | |
| 17 | Μῆδος | Μῆδος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἅρπαγός | appos | high | Apposition identifying Harpagus as the Mede. |
| 18 | ἐνέπρησεν | ἐμπίμπρημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ἐστιν | acl:relcl | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐνέπρησεν | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀρχαῖος | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ὁ | amod | high | Predicative adjective in the coordinated second clause. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 20 ἀρχαῖος | cc | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 23 ὁ | cc | high | |
| 23 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | conj | medium | Article substantivizes the coordinated elliptical subject phrase; ναός is understood. |
| 24 | Σαμίοις | Σάμιος | PROPN | Ne-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ὁ | obl | high | Dative of possession/reference. |
| 25 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Ne-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ὁ | nmod | high | Possessive/dependent genitive. |
| 26 | Πυθίου | Πύθιος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Ἀπόλλωνος | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Ἀπόλλωνος. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |
πλὴν πολύ γε ὕστερον τοῦ παρὰ Τροιζηνίοις ἐποιήθησαν.
The clause is elliptical: τοῦ with παρὰ Τροιζηνίοις likely represents a substantivized genitive phrase referring to a contextually understood prior event or object; πλήν and ὕστερον modify the temporal/contrastive assertion.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἐποιήθησαν | advmod | medium | Adverbial/concessive πλήν, introducing an exception or qualification; traditionally also classified as a preposition. |
| 2 | πολύ | πολύς | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 ὕστερον | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying ὕστερον. |
| 3 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 2 πολύ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 ἐποιήθησαν | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative-form expression meaning later/afterward. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐποιήθησαν | obj | medium | Genitive article substantivizing an elided or contextually recoverable noun; exact syntactic interpretation is elliptical. |
| 6 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R------ | _ | 7 Τροιζηνίοις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 7 | Τροιζηνίοις | Τροιζήνιος | PROPN | A--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τοῦ | nmod | high | Dative plural ethnic name, substantival: among the Troezenians. |
| 8 | ἐποιήθησαν | ποιέω | VERB | V3P-AIP- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural; the supplied form is morphologically ambiguous in some tagging schemes, but context favors a past passive reading. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐποιήθησαν | punct | high |
ἄγαλμα δέ ἐστι τὸ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἀνάθημα Αὐλίσκου, τέχνη δὲ Ἕρμωνος Τροιζηνίου·
The sentence has two verbless/copular nominal descriptions: ἄγαλμα ... ἀνάθημα ... and τέχνη ...; the shared copular verb ἐστι is syntactically taken as the root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative subject of ἐστι. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 τέχνη | cc | high | Adversative connective joining the two clauses. |
| 3 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root of the first clause. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνάθημα | det | high | Article substantivizing the participial phrase. |
| 5 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 6 ἡμῶν | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive pronoun. |
| 6 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | p1gp---- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 7 ἀνάθημα | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί in the phrase ἐφʼ ἡμῶν. |
| 7 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἄγαλμα | appos | high | Appositional noun explaining the article-headed phrase; coordinated with the copular subject. |
| 8 | Αὐλίσκου | Αὔλισκος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνάθημα | nmod | high | Genitive personal name dependent on ἀνάθημα. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 10 | τέχνη | τέχνη | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστι | conj | high | Predicate nominative in the coordinated second clause. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 τέχνη | cc | high | Connective marking the second coordinated clause. |
| 12 | Ἕρμωνος | Ἕρμων | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τέχνη | nmod | high | Genitive artist name dependent on τέχνη. |
| 13 | Τροιζηνίου | Τροιζήνιος | ADJ | a-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἕρμωνος | amod | high | Ethnic adjective agreeing with Ἕρμωνος. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστι | punct | high |
τοῦ δὲ Ἕρμωνος τούτου καὶ τὰ τῶν Διοσκούρων ξόανά ἐστι.
The genitive τοῦ ... Ἕρμωνος τούτου is a genitive of possession/association; τὰ ... ξόανα is the neuter plural subject, with singular εἰστι as normal for a neuter plural subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἕρμωνος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἕρμωνος | Ἕρμων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστι | nmod | high | Genitive in the τοῦ ... τούτου phrase. |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἕρμωνος | det | high | Demonstrative agreeing with Ἕρμωνος. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ξόανά | cc | high | |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ξόανά | det | high | Article with neuter plural subject. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Διοσκούρων | det | high | |
| 8 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ξόανά | nmod | high | Genitive possessor. |
| 9 | ξόανά | ξόανον | NOUN | N-NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject of ἐστι. |
| 10 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular copular verb with neuter plural subject. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστι | punct | high |