Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 2.31.8

← 2.31.72.31.9 →

Passage 2.31.8

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
81Greek tokens
3,089input tokens
6,233output tokens
Sentence 1

2.31.8 sentence 1

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τοῦ δὲ ἱεροῦ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστιν οἰκοδόμημα ἔμπροσθεν, Ὀρέστου καλούμενον σκηνή.

Existential/copular clause: οἰκοδόμημα is the subject and ἐστιν the root; τοῦ ἱεροῦ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος is a genitive dependent on οἰκοδόμημα, while ἔμπροσθεν is a locative adverb. Ὀρέστου is a genitive of association/attribution with καλούμενον, and σκηνή is a postposed predicative apposition to οἰκοδόμημα.

punct appos cc nmod acl det nmod punct det nsubj advmod obl root 1 τοῦ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἱεροῦ ἱερόν / NOUN 4 τοῦ ὁ / DET 5 Ἀπόλλωνός Ἀπόλλων / PROPN 6 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 7 οἰκοδόμημα οἰκοδόμημα / NOUN 8 ἔμπροσθεν ἔμπροσθεν / ADV 9 , , / PUNCT 10 Ὀρέστου Ὀρέστης / PROPN 11 καλούμενον καλέω / VERB 12 σκηνή σκηνή / NOUN 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦDETT-dmg-sCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ἱεροῦdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_6 ἐστινcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἱεροῦἱερόνNOUNNsgCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 οἰκοδόμημαnmodhighGenitive dependent on οἰκοδόμημα.
4τοῦDETT-dmg-sCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 Ἀπόλλωνόςdethigh
5ἈπόλλωνόςἈπόλλωνPROPNNpgm-sCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἱεροῦnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἱεροῦ.
6ἐστινεἰμίAUXV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
7οἰκοδόμημαοἰκοδόμημαNOUNNnsCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ἐστινnsubjhighSubject of the existential/copular clause.
8ἔμπροσθενἔμπροσθενADVD--------_7 οἰκοδόμημαadvmodhighLocative adverb, ‘in front’.
9,,PUNCTU--------_11 καλούμενονpuncthigh
10ὈρέστουὈρέστηςPROPNNpgm-sCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 καλούμενονoblmediumGenitive of association/attribution with καλούμενον.
11καλούμενονκαλέωVERBVppann-sCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass7 οἰκοδόμημαaclhighParticipial modifier of οἰκοδόμημα.
12σκηνήσκηνήNOUNNnsCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 οἰκοδόμημαapposmediumPostposed appositional naming; feminine form despite neuter οἰκοδόμημα.
13..PUNCTU--------_6 ἐστινpuncthigh
Sentence 2

2.31.8 sentence 2

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πρὶν γὰρ ἐπὶ τῷ αἵματι καθαρθῆναι τῆς μητρός, Τροιζηνίων οὐδεὶς πρότερον ἤθελεν αὐτὸν οἴκῳ δέξασθαι· καθίσαντες δὲ ἐνταῦθα ἐκάθαιρον καὶ εἱστίων, ἐς ὃ ἀφήγνισαν.

Temporal πρίν-clause with articular infinitive; οὐδείς is the subject of ἤθελεν, and the final ἐς ὃ clause is temporal (‘until they purified’). The object of καθαίρω is likely understood αὐτόν; εἱστίων is an uncertain contracted/variant form, probably a coordinated verb meaning ‘purified’.

punct discourse parataxis advcl advcl mark punct nmod punct xcomp advcl punct case nsubj obj cc conj det obl det nmod advmod obl advmod cc case obl root 1 πρὶν πρίν / SCONJ 2 γὰρ γάρ / PART 3 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 4 τῷ ὁ / DET 5 αἵματι αἷμα / NOUN 6 καθαρθῆναι καθαίρω / VERB 7 τῆς ὁ / DET 8 μητρός μήτηρ / NOUN 9 , , / PUNCT 10 Τροιζηνίων Τροιζήνιος / PROPN 11 οὐδεὶς οὐδείς / PRON 12 πρότερον πρότερον / ADV 13 ἤθελεν ἐθέλω / VERB 14 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 15 οἴκῳ οἶκος / NOUN 16 δέξασθαι δέχομαι / VERB 17 · · / PUNCT 18 καθίσαντες καθίζω / VERB 19 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 20 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 21 ἐκάθαιρον καθαίρω / VERB 22 καὶ καί / CCONJ 23 εἱστίων εἱστίω / VERB 24 , , / PUNCT 25 ἐς εἰς / ADP 26 ὅς / PRON 27 ἀφήγνισαν ἀφαγνίζω / VERB 28 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1πρὶνπρίνSCONJCONJPronType=Rel6 καθαρθῆναιmarkhighTemporal subordinator governing the infinitival clause.
2γὰργάρPARTPART_13 ἤθελενdiscoursehighExplanatory particle.
3ἐπὶἐπίADPPREP_5 αἵματιcasehighTakes the dative τῷ αἵματι.
4τῷDETT-DSNCase=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 αἵματιdethigh
5αἵματιαἷμαNOUNN-DSNCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 καθαρθῆναιoblhighDative with ἐπί, ‘on account of/by the blood’.
6καθαρθῆναικαθαίρωVERBV-APNTense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass13 ἤθελενadvclhighArticular infinitive clause governed by πρίν; subject is αὐτόν, understood from context.
7τῆςDETT-GSFCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art8 μητρόςdethigh
8μητρόςμήτηρNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 αἵματιnmodhighGenitive dependent on αἵματι: ‘mother’s blood’.
9,,PUNCTPUNCT_6 καθαρθῆναιpuncthigh
10ΤροιζηνίωνΤροιζήνιοςPROPNA-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 οὐδεὶςnmodhighPartitive genitive with οὐδείς: ‘none of the Troezenians’.
11οὐδεὶςοὐδείςPRONPX-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind13 ἤθελενnsubjhighSubject of ἤθελεν.
12πρότερονπρότερονADVADVDegree=Cmp13 ἤθελενadvmodhighTemporal adverb, ‘beforehand/previously’.
13ἤθελενἐθέλωVERBV-IAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
14αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs16 δέξασθαιobjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive δέξασθαι.
15οἴκῳοἶκοςNOUNN-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 δέξασθαιoblhighLocative dative, ‘in the house’.
16δέξασθαιδέχομαιVERBV-AMNTense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid13 ἤθελενxcomphighComplementary infinitive of ἤθελεν.
17··PUNCTPUNCT_13 ἤθελενpuncthigh
18καθίσαντεςκαθίζωVERBV-AAP-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act21 ἐκάθαιρονadvclhighAdverbial participle, subject understood as the Troezenians.
19δὲδέCCONJCONJ_21 ἐκάθαιρονcchighAdversative/continuative conjunction.
20ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVADV_21 ἐκάθαιρονadvmodhighLocative adverb, ‘there’.
21ἐκάθαιρονκαθαίρωVERBV-IAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act13 ἤθελενparataxishighSecond coordinated main verb; object αὐτόν is understood.
22καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_23 εἱστίωνccmediumCoordinates the following uncertain form with ἐκάθαιρον.
23εἱστίωνεἱστίωVERBV-IAI-3P?Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act21 ἐκάθαιρονconjlowForm is textually/morphologically uncertain; analyzed provisionally as a third-plural imperfect verb, perhaps a variant of ἁγνίζω/καθαίρω.
24,,PUNCTPUNCT_21 ἐκάθαιρονpuncthigh
25ἐςεἰςADPPREP_26 ὃcasehighPreposition governing the relative pronoun.
26ὅςPRONP-ANSCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel27 ἀφήγνισανoblhighRelative pronoun with ἐς, introducing a temporal endpoint (‘until which/until’).
27ἀφήγνισανἀφαγνίζωVERBV-AAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act21 ἐκάθαιρονadvclmediumAorist subordinate verb; subject is understood as the Troezenians.
28..PUNCTPUNCT_13 ἤθελενpuncthigh
Sentence 3

2.31.8 sentence 3

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καὶ νῦν ἔτι οἱ ἀπόγονοι τῶν καθηράντων ἐνταῦθα δειπνοῦσιν ἐν ἡμέραις ῥηταῖς.

The subject is οἱ ἀπόγονοι, with τῶν καθηράντων as a genitive substantival participial modifier (‘of those who purified’); ἐν ἡμέραις ῥηταῖς denotes specified/fixed days. The exact antecedent of the aorist participle is context-dependent.

cc advmod advmod nsubj punct nmod obl det det advmod case amod root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 νῦν νῦν / ADV 3 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 4 οἱ ὁ / DET 5 ἀπόγονοι ἀπόγονος / NOUN 6 τῶν ὁ / DET 7 καθηράντων καθαίρω / VERB 8 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 9 δειπνοῦσιν δειπνέω / VERB 10 ἐν ἐν / ADP 11 ἡμέραις ἡμέρα / NOUN 12 ῥηταῖς ῥητός / ADJ 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_9 δειπνοῦσινcchigh
2νῦννῦνADVADV_9 δειπνοῦσινadvmodhigh
3ἔτιἔτιADVADV_9 δειπνοῦσινadvmodhigh
4οἱDETT----NM-PCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 ἀπόγονοιdethigh
5ἀπόγονοιἀπόγονοςNOUNN----NM-PCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 δειπνοῦσινnsubjhigh
6τῶνDETT---- 사Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 καθηράντωνdethighThe supplied xpos is conventionalized here as a genitive plural article; detailed code is uncertain.
7καθηράντωνκαθαίρωVERBV--PAP-GMPCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act5 ἀπόγονοιnmodmediumSubstantival genitive plural aorist active participle, ‘of those who purified’; exact contextual referent is uncertain.
8ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVADV_9 δειπνοῦσινadvmodhigh
9δειπνοῦσινδειπνέωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
10ἐνἐνADPP_11 ἡμέραιςcasehigh
11ἡμέραιςἡμέραNOUNN----DF-PCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur9 δειπνοῦσινoblhigh
12ῥηταῖςῥητόςADJA----DF-PCase=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur11 ἡμέραιςamodhigh
13..PUNCTPUNC_9 δειπνοῦσινpuncthigh
Sentence 4

2.31.8 sentence 4

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κατορυχθέντων δὲ ὀλίγον ἀπὸ τῆς σκηνῆς τῶν καθαρσίων φασὶν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ἀναφῦναι δάφνην, ἣ δὴ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔστιν, ἡ πρὸ τῆς σκηνῆς ταύτης.

Genitive absolute κατορυχθέντων δὲ introduces the circumstances; φασίν governs the infinitival clause ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ἀναφῦναι δάφνην. The final ἡ πρὸ τῆς σκηνῆς ταύτης is an appositional/relative-like identification of the laurel; its precise attachment is somewhat elliptical.

punct acl:relcl advcl nsubj obl nsubj discourse advmod ccomp cc nmod case appos case cc det det case obl nsubj punct case obl punct det det root 1 κατορυχθέντων κατορύσσω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ὀλίγον ὀλίγος / ADV 4 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 5 τῆς ὁ / DET 6 σκηνῆς σκηνή / NOUN 7 τῶν ὁ / DET 8 καθαρσίων καθάρσιον / NOUN 9 φασὶν φημί / VERB 10 ἀπʼ ἀπό / ADP 11 αὐτῶν αὐτός / PRON 12 ἀναφῦναι ἀναφύω / VERB 13 δάφνην δάφνη / NOUN 14 , , / PUNCT 15 ὅς / PRON 16 δὴ δή / PART 17 καὶ καί / CCONJ 18 ἐς εἰς / ADP 19 ἡμᾶς ἐγώ / PRON 20 ἔστιν εἰμί / AUX 21 , , / PUNCT 22 ὁ / DET 23 πρὸ πρό / ADP 24 τῆς ὁ / DET 25 σκηνῆς σκηνή / NOUN 26 ταύτης οὗτος / DET 27 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1κατορυχθέντωνκατορύσσωVERBV--APP-GPN-Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive9 φασὶνadvclhighGenitive absolute with δέ; neuter plural agrees with understood τὰ καθάρσια.
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_1 κατορυχθέντωνcchigh
3ὀλίγονὀλίγοςADVA----AMS-Degree=Pos6 σκηνῆςadvmodmediumAdverbial accusative, modifying the distance expression ἀπὸ τῆς σκηνῆς.
4ἀπὸἀπόADPR--------_6 σκηνῆςcasehigh
5τῆςDETL--GSF---Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular6 σκηνῆςdethigh
6σκηνῆςσκηνήNOUNN--GSF---Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular1 κατορυχθέντωνoblmediumObject of ἀπό within the genitive-absolute phrase.
7τῶνDETL--GPN---Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural8 καθαρσίωνdethigh
8καθαρσίωνκαθάρσιονNOUNN--GPN---Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural1 κατορυχθέντωνnsubjmediumGenitive-absolute subject, coordinated semantically with the participle; the participle's neuter plural morphology permits this attachment.
9φασὶνφημίVERBV-PIA-3P--Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active0 ROOTroothigh
10ἀπʼἀπόADPR--------_11 αὐτῶνcasehighElided form before αὐτῶν.
11αὐτῶναὐτόςPRONP---GPM---Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural12 ἀναφῦναιoblhighSource complement of ἀναφῦναι.
12ἀναφῦναιἀναφύωVERBV--AAN---Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active9 φασὶνccomphighInfinitive in the reported-content clause governed by φασίν.
13δάφνηνδάφνηNOUNN--ASF---Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular12 ἀναφῦναιnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive.
14,,PUNCT__15 ἣpuncthigh
15ὅςPRONP----NSF-Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular20 ἔστινnsubjhighRelative pronoun, referring to δάφνην.
16δὴδήPARTX--------_20 ἔστινdiscoursehigh
17καὶκαίCCONJC--------_20 ἔστινcchighConnective/emphatic καί.
18ἐςεἰςADPR--------_19 ἡμᾶςcasehigh
19ἡμᾶςἐγώPRONP-1AP----Case=Accusative|Number=Plural|Person=120 ἔστινoblhighGoal/extent complement with ἔστιν.
20ἔστινεἰμίAUXV-PIA-3S--Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active9 φασὶνacl:relclhighFinite predicate of the relative clause.
21,,PUNCT__22 ἡpuncthigh
22DETL--NSF---Case=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular20 ἔστινapposmediumArticle introducing an elliptical nominal identification/apposition: ἡ [δάφνη].
23πρὸπρόADPR--------_25 σκηνῆςcasehigh
24τῆςDETL--GSF---Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular25 σκηνῆςdethigh
25σκηνῆςσκηνήNOUNN--GSF---Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular22 ἡnmodmediumComplement of πρό; modifies the elliptical/appositional noun.
26ταύτηςοὗτοςDETD---GSF---Case=Genitive|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular25 σκηνῆςdethighDemonstrative determiner for σκηνῆς.
27..PUNCT__9 φασὶνpuncthigh
← 2.31.72.31.9 →