Grammar parses for passage 2.33.4
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ὕστερον λεχθὲν ἐπέξειμι ὁποῖον ἐγένετο.
The sentence is syntactically compressed: the neuter substantivized participle λεχθέν is the object/topic of ἐπέξειμι, while ὁποῖον ἐγένετο specifies its character or outcome.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 λεχθὲν | det | high | Article substantivizing the neuter participle phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐπέξειμι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | A-NSN-C | Degree=Cmp | 4 λεχθὲν | advmod | medium | Neuter comparative form used adverbially, modifying λεχθέν. |
| 4 | λεχθὲν | λέγω | VERB | V-APP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐπέξειμι | nsubj | high | Substantivized aorist passive participle, subject of ἐπέξειμι. |
| 5 | ἐπέξειμι | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Present first-person singular; construed as ‘I shall proceed to discuss/examine’ in context. |
| 6 | ὁποῖον | ὁποῖος | PRON | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐγένετο | attr | medium | Neuter relative/interrogative adjective introducing a predicative characterization. |
| 7 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 4 λεχθὲν | acl:relcl | medium | Aorist middle clause, semantically specifying what λεχθέν became/was like; relative linkage is somewhat compressed. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπέξειμι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἅρπαλος μὲν ὡς ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἀπέδρα διαβὰς ναυσὶν ἐς Κρήτην, οὐ πολὺ ὕστερον ὑπὸ τῶν θεραπευόντων ἀπέθανεν οἰκετῶν· οἱ δὲ ὑπὸ ἀνδρὸς Μακεδόνος Παυσανίου δολοφονηθῆναί φασιν αὐτόν.
The sentence contains a coordinated narrative clause after μέν and a contrasting indirect report after δέ; οἱ is analyzed as a substantivized article meaning ‘those who say’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἅρπαλος | Ἅρπαλος | PROPN | N--SMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπέδρα | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 6 ἀπέδρα | discourse | high | Correlative particle; paired with δέ. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 6 ἀπέδρα | mark | medium | Introduces a manner/circumstantial clause with ἀπέδρα. |
| 4 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 5 Ἀθηνῶν | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἀθηνῶν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N--GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἀπέδρα | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἀπέδρα | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | V-2AAI-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | διαβὰς | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-2AAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἀπέδρα | advcl | high | |
| 8 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N--DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 διαβὰς | obl | high | Dative of means. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 10 Κρήτην | case | high | |
| 10 | Κρήτην | Κρήτη | PROPN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπέδρα | obl | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀπέδρα | punct | high | |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 18 ἀπέθανεν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ὕστερον | advmod | medium | Adverbial neuter accusative/nominative form in temporal expression. |
| 14 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | A- -NA- | _ | 18 ἀπέθανεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 15 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 19 οἰκετῶν | case | high | |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 θεραπευόντων | det | high | |
| 17 | θεραπευόντων | θεραπεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 οἰκετῶν | acl | high | Substantivized participle: attendants/caretakers. |
| 18 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAI-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἀπέδρα | parataxis | high | Second coordinated narrative clause. |
| 19 | οἰκετῶν | οἰκέτης | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀπέθανεν | obl | medium | Genitive with ὑπό phrase, appositional or specifying the attendants' status. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high | |
| 21 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-GPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 φασιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized article, ‘those who say’; some analyses treat it as a determiner with an omitted noun. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 28 φασιν | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μέν. |
| 23 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 24 ἀνδρὸς | case | high | |
| 24 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 δολοφονηθῆναί | obl | high | Agent of the passive infinitive. |
| 25 | Μακεδόνος | Μακεδών | ADJ | A-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | |
| 26 | Παυσανίου | Παυσανίας | PROPN | N-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἀνδρὸς | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to ἀνδρός. |
| 27 | δολοφονηθῆναί | δολοφονέω | VERB | V-APPNAI- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 28 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 28 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second report. |
| 29 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 27 δολοφονηθῆναί | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 φασιν | punct | high |
τὸν δέ οἱ τῶν χρημάτων διοικητὴν φυγόντα ἐς Ῥόδον Φιλόξενος Μακεδὼν συνέλαβεν, ὃς καὶ αὐτὸν παρὰ Ἀθηναίων ἐξῄτησεν Ἅρπαλον.
The participle φυγόντα agrees with διοικητήν and describes the steward who fled to Rhodes; the relative clause refers to Philoxenus, who also requested Harpalus from the Athenians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 διοικητὴν | det | high | Article modifying διοικητήν. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 συνέλαβεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | PERS-3-DAT-SG | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 7 φυγόντα | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, probably referring to the person whose steward is meant. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | article-GEN-PL-NEUT | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 χρημάτων | det | high | Article modifying χρημάτων. |
| 5 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-GEN-PL-NEUT | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 διοικητὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on διοικητήν. |
| 6 | διοικητὴν | διοικητής | NOUN | N-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 φυγόντα | obj | high | Accusative object of φυγόντα, and part of the resumed object phrase. |
| 7 | φυγόντα | φεύγω | VERB | V-PPA-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 συνέλαβεν | obj | medium | Aorist active participle, accusative, agreeing with διοικητήν; circumstantial participle with συνέλαβεν. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Ῥόδον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 9 | Ῥόδον | Ῥόδος | PROPN | N-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 φυγόντα | obl | high | Goal/place complement of φυγόντα. |
| 10 | Φιλόξενος | Φιλόξενος | PROPN | N-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 συνέλαβεν | nsubj | high | Subject of συνέλαβεν. |
| 11 | Μακεδὼν | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Φιλόξενος | appos | high | Apposition identifying Philoxenus as Macedonian. |
| 12 | συνέλαβεν | συλλαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3SG | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 συνέλαβεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | REL-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 19 ἐξῄτησεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Philoxenus. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἐξῄτησεν | cc | high | Coordinates the relative-clause predicate with the preceding action. |
| 16 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | PERS-3-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 ἐξῄτησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐξῄτησεν. |
| 17 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | With genitive, indicating source. |
| 18 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | ADJ-GEN-PL-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐξῄτησεν | obl | high | Source complement: from the Athenians. |
| 19 | ἐξῄτησεν | ἐξαιτέω | VERB | V-AAI-3SG | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 συνέλαβεν | acl:relcl | high | Finite predicate of the relative clause. |
| 20 | Ἅρπαλον | Ἅρπαλος | PROPN | N-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐξῄτησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐξῄτησεν; specifies the person requested. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 συνέλαβεν | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ παῖδα τοῦτον ἔχων ἤλεγχεν ἐς ὃ πάντα ἐπύθετο, ὅσοι τῶν Ἁρπάλου τι ἔτυχον εἰληφότες·
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ὅσοι ... εἰληφότες is an embedded relative/content construction after ἐπύθετο, while ἐς ὃ marks the endpoint ‘until he learned’; τῶν Ἁρπάλου is treated as a genitive associated with the persons referred to by ὅσοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἤλεγχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἤλεγχεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 παῖδα | det | high | Demonstrative adjective modifying παῖδα. |
| 5 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἤλεγχεν | advcl | high | Conjunct participle: ‘holding/possessing’. |
| 6 | ἤλεγχεν | ἐλέγχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ὃ | case | high | Preposition governing relative pronoun. |
| 8 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | R-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπύθετο | obl | medium | Relative pronoun with temporal/endpoint force, ‘until which/when’; ἐς is construed with it. |
| 9 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐπύθετο | obj | high | Object of ἐπύθετο. |
| 10 | ἐπύθετο | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ἤλεγχεν | advcl | high | Finite verb in temporal/endpoint subordinate clause. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπύθετο | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | Q-?NP | Case=Nom|Number=Plur | 16 ἔτυχον | nsubj | medium | Quantifying relative pronoun; gender is syncretic/uncertain here, likely masculine personal reference. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Ἁρπάλου | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἁρπάλου | Ἅρπαλος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔτυχον | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on the ellipted notion ‘men/associates of Harpalus’; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 15 | τι | τις | PRON | X-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 εἰληφότες | obj | low | Indefinite pronoun, likely partitive/indefinite object with εἰληφότες; form and precise scope are uncertain. |
| 16 | ἔτυχον | τυγχάνω | VERB | V-2AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ἐπύθετο | ccomp | medium | Relative-clause predicate; with εἰληφότες, expresses having happened to take/receive. |
| 17 | εἰληφότες | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-RAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 16 ἔτυχον | xcomp | medium | Supplementary participle with ἔτυχον; subject understood as ὅσοι. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἤλεγχεν | punct | high |