Grammar parses for passage 2.34.10
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθα ἡ προτέρα πόλις τοῖς Ἑρμιονεῦσιν ἦν.
Simple existential clause: ἡ προτέρα πόλις is the nominative subject; τοῖς Ἑρμιονεῦσιν is a dative possessor/association complement with εἰμί, and ἐνταῦθα is locative adverb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D— | PronType=Dem | 7 ἦν | advmod | high | Locative demonstrative adverb. |
| 2 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T—S—FN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πόλις | det | high | |
| 3 | προτέρα | πρότερος | ADJ | A—S—NF | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλις | amod | high | Comparative adjective, ‘former/earlier’. |
| 4 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N—S—NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T—P—MD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Ἑρμιονεῦσιν | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἑρμιονεῦσιν | Ἑρμιονεύς | PROPN | N—P—MD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἦν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/association with ἦν; lemma normalized to nominative. |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V—IAI—3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦν | punct | high |
ἔστι δέ σφισι καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἱερὰ αὐτόθι, Ποσειδῶνος μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀκτῆς τῇ ἀρχῇ, προελθοῦσι δὲ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἐς τὰ μετέωρα ναὸς Ἀθηνᾶς,
Elliptical existential construction: ἱερά is the predicate nominative/subject of ἔστι; the two appositional descriptions are coordinated by μέν...δέ. προελθοῦσι is a dative participle agreeing with the implicit/understood visitors, with ναός as the principal second item; the coordination and attachment of the final phrase are somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential verb. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 7 ἱερὰ | obl | medium | Dative of possession/association. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 νῦν | advmod | high | Additive conjunction. |
| 5 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 6 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 νῦν | advmod | high | Further temporal modifier. |
| 7 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | NOUN | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Neuter plural substantive, 'sanctuaries'; existential subject. |
| 8 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἱερὰ | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 10 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀκτῆς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the first sanctuary description. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 10 Ποσειδῶνος | discourse | high | First member of μέν...δέ. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 ἀκτῆς | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀκτῆς | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀκτῆς | ἀκτή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερὰ | nmod | high | First locative sanctuary specification. |
| 15 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀρχῇ | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀρχῇ | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀκτῆς | obl | medium | Dative temporal/locative phrase, 'at the beginning'; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 18 | προελθοῦσι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ναὸς | advcl | low | Dative aorist participle, likely circumstantial and agreeing with an implicit plural referent; form may be read as active of προέρχομαι. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 18 προελθοῦσι | cc | high | Second member of μέν...δέ. |
| 20 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 θαλάσσης | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 21 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 προελθοῦσι | obl | high | Source phrase with προελθοῦσι. |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 μετέωρα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 23 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 μετέωρα | det | high | |
| 24 | μετέωρα | μετέωρος | NOUN | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 προελθοῦσι | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, destination 'the heights'; attached to the participle. |
| 25 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερὰ | appos | medium | Second sanctuary noun; singular despite plural ἱερά, likely appositional specification in an elliptical/loose construction. |
| 26 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ναὸς | nmod | high | Genitive of dedication/possession. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
παρὰ δὲ αὐτῷ σταδίου θεμέλια· ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ τοὺς Τυνδάρεω παῖδας ἀγωνίσασθαι λέγουσιν.
Elliptical first clause: παρὰ αὐτῷ σταδίου θεμέλια means ‘beside it, foundations of a stadium’; the second clause has an accusative-and-infinitive construction governed by λέγουσιν, with τοὺς Τυνδάρεω παῖδας as the understood subject of ἀγωνίσασθαι. Τυνδάρεω is the genitive singular of Τυνδάρεως, used patronymically.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 5 θεμέλια | case | high | With dative αὐτῷ: ‘beside/near it’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 θεμέλια | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-D-----3S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 παρὰ | obl | high | Dative object of παρά. |
| 4 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | N-GS---N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 θεμέλια | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θεμέλια: ‘of a stadium’. |
| 5 | θεμέλια | θεμέλιον | NOUN | N-NA---N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Nominal sentence with omitted copula; predicate/location description. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 θεμέλια | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 9 αὐτῷ | case | high | Takes dative αὐτῷ. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 9 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-D-----3S | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 ἀγωνίσασθαι | obl | high | Dative locative complement of ἐν; antecedent is the stadium. |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 11 | Τυνδάρεω | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 παῖδας | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic: ‘of Tyndareus’. |
| 12 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἀγωνίσασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀγωνίσασθαι. |
| 13 | ἀγωνίσασθαι | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V-ANM--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 14 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 14 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PIA---3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἕτερον οὐ μέγα τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερόν, ὁ δὲ ὄροφος κατερρύηκεν αὐτῷ.
The first clause is existential: ‘there is also another, not large, sanctuary of Athena’; ἱερόν is analyzed appositionally to substantivized ἕτερον, while the second clause coordinates κατερρύηκεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential εἰμί. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἕτερον | advmod | high | Additive particle modifying ἕτερον. |
| 4 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative predicate/noun phrase with omitted noun. |
| 5 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 μέγα | advmod | high | Negates μέγα. |
| 6 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἕτερον | amod | high | Adjective agreeing with substantivized ἕτερον. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀθηνᾶς | det | high | Article with Ἀθηνᾶς. |
| 8 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying ἱερόν. |
| 9 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἕτερον | appos | medium | Appositional specification of the neuter ἕτερον; may alternatively be analyzed as the head noun. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὄροφος | det | high | Article with ὄροφος. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 κατερρύηκεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the second clause. |
| 13 | ὄροφος | ὄροφος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 κατερρύηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατερρύηκεν. |
| 14 | κατερρύηκεν | καταρρέω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Perfect active, ‘has collapsed/ fallen down’; coordinated with existential clause. |
| 15 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 14 κατερρύηκεν | obl | medium | Dative associated with the collapsed roof, likely referring to the sanctuary/building; exact semantic role is uncertain. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
καὶ Ἡλίῳ ναὸς καὶ ἄλλος Χάρισιν,
Elliptical nominal coordination: ναὸς is understood with ἄλλος Χάρισιν; both Ἡλίῳ and Χάρισιν are dative dedication complements.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ναὸς | cc | high | |
| 2 | Ἡλίῳ | ἥλιος | PROPN | N---DM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ναὸς | nmod | medium | Dative of the deity-name Ἥλιος, dependent on ναός. |
| 3 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N---NM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ναὸς | cc | high | |
| 5 | ἄλλος | ἄλλος | ADJ | A---NM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Χάρισιν | amod | medium | Adjectival modifier of Χάρισιν; the phrase means another temple, with ναός understood. |
| 6 | Χάρισιν | Χάρις | PROPN | N---DP-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ναὸς | nmod | medium | Dative plural name of the Charites; coordinated second dedication/temple complement, with ναός understood. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ναὸς | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ Σαράπιδι ᾠκοδόμηται καὶ Ἴσιδι·
The passive perfect ᾠκοδόμηται has an implicit subject, likely an omitted ναός or similar noun; Σαράπιδι and Ἴσιδι are coordinated dative complements, best analyzed as dative of dedication/reference. The article ὁ is substantival or anaphoric and functions as the subject of the passive clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ᾠκοδόμηται | nsubj | medium | Substantival/anaphoric masculine nominative article; likely represents an omitted noun such as ναός. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 4 ᾠκοδόμηται | cc | high | Postpositive adversative/continuative conjunction. |
| 3 | Σαράπιδι | Σάραπις | PROPN | Ne----D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ᾠκοδόμηται | iobj | medium | Dative proper name; recipient or dedication complement of the passive construction. |
| 4 | ᾠκοδόμηται | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-RPI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive indicative, third singular; subject is expressed anaphorically by ὁ or otherwise implicit. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 4 ᾠκοδόμηται | cc | high | Coordinates the two dative complements. |
| 6 | Ἴσιδι | Ἶσις | PROPN | Ne----D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾠκοδόμηται | iobj | high | Dative proper name coordinated with Σαράπιδι. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ᾠκοδόμηται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ περίβολοι μεγάλων λίθων λογάδων εἰσίν, ἐντὸς δὲ αὐτῶν ἱερὰ δρῶσιν ἀπόρρητα Δήμητρι.
Two coordinated clauses: περίβολοι ... εἰσίν, followed by ἐντὸς αὐτῶν ἱερὰ ... δρῶσιν. The neuter plural ἱερά is the object of δρῶσιν, with ἀπόρρητα predicative/object complement; Δήμητρι is a dative of ritual recipient or association.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 2 περίβολοι | cc | high | |
| 2 | περίβολοι | περίβολος | NOUN | Noun-NomMascPl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἰσίν | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | μεγάλων | μέγας | ADJ | Adj-GenMascPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 λίθων | amod | high | |
| 4 | λίθων | λίθος | NOUN | Noun-GenMascPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 περίβολοι | nmod | high | |
| 5 | λογάδων | λογάς | ADJ | Adj-GenMascPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 λίθων | amod | medium | Rare adjective, agreeing with λίθων; may carry the sense 'selected/hewn'. |
| 6 | εἰσίν | εἰμί | AUX | V- PresActInd3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἰσίν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADV | Adv | _ | 12 δρῶσιν | advmod | high | Spatial adverb, governing the following genitive phrase. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 12 δρῶσιν | cc | high | |
| 10 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | Pron-GenMascPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 ἐντὸς | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐντός. |
| 11 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | NOUN | Noun-AccNeutPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 δρῶσιν | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective, 'sacred rites/things'. |
| 12 | δρῶσιν | δράω | VERB | V-PresActInd3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 εἰσίν | conj | high | |
| 13 | ἀπόρρητα | ἀπόρρητος | ADJ | Adj-AccNeutPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἱερὰ | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective associated with the object ἱερά; an adjunct-like object complement analysis is possible. |
| 14 | Δήμητρι | Δήμητρα | PROPN | Propn-DatFemSg | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δρῶσιν | iobj | medium | Dative of ritual recipient, dedication, or association. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἰσίν | punct | high |