Grammar parses for passage 2.35.5
Open translation for this passage
Χθονία δʼ οὖν ἡ θεός τε αὐτὴ καλεῖται καὶ Χθόνια ἑορτὴν κατὰ ἔτος ἄγουσιν ὥρᾳ θέρους, ἄγουσι δὲ οὕτως.
Χθονία is the predicate subject/name of the goddess; Χθόνια ἑορτήν is the object of ἄγουσιν, with ὥρᾳ θέρους indicating the season/time. The final ἄγουσι δὲ οὕτως is coordinated and anaphoric; its omitted object is understood.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Χθονία | Χθόνιος | ADJ | A-N----FS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 καλεῖται | nsubj | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, subject of καλεῖται. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 καλεῖται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PART | _ | 8 καλεῖται | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 θεός | det | high | |
| 5 | θεός | θεός | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 καλεῖται | xcomp | medium | Feminine θεός; predicate nominal complement of καλεῖται. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 καλεῖται | cc | high | Correlative/coordinating τε. |
| 7 | αὐτὴ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 καλεῖται | nsubj | medium | Intensive pronoun, reinforcing the subject. |
| 8 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle/passive form, ‘is called’. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἄγουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the festival-clause predicate with καλεῖται. |
| 10 | Χθόνια | Χθόνιος | ADJ | A-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἑορτὴν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἑορτήν. |
| 11 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἄγουσιν. |
| 12 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 13 ἔτος | case | high | Preposition governing ἔτος. |
| 13 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἄγουσιν | obl | high | Accusative temporal measure, ‘each year’. |
| 14 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 καλεῖται | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate. |
| 15 | ὥρᾳ | ὥρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἄγουσιν | obl | medium | Dative of time/season, ‘in the season’; possibly instrumental in force. |
| 16 | θέρους | θέρος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ὥρᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὥρᾳ. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | punct | _ | 14 ἄγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἄγουσι | ἄγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ἄγουσιν | conj | high | Second coordinated repetition; object is omitted/anaphoric. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἄγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 ἄγουσι | advmod | high | Manner adverb, referring forward to the ensuing description. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | punct | _ | 18 ἄγουσι | punct | high |
ἡγοῦνται μὲν αὐτοῖς τῆς πομπῆς οἵ τε ἱερεῖς τῶν θεῶν καὶ ὅσοι τὰς ἐπετείους ἀρχὰς ἔχουσιν, ἕπονται δὲ καὶ γυναῖκες καὶ ἄνδρες.
The first clause has coordinated subjects ἱερεῖς and ὅσοι ... ἔχουσιν; ἕπονται is coordinated with ἡγοῦνται under μέν ... δέ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡγοῦνται | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb: 'they lead'. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἡγοῦνται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired with δέ. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-D3MP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 1 ἡγοῦνται | obl | medium | Dative associated with πομπῆς/leading, likely 'for them' or 'with them'. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πομπῆς | det | high | |
| 5 | πομπῆς | πομπή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἡγοῦνται | obl | high | Genitive of the procession led. |
| 6 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | P-RMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἱερεῖς | det | high | Relative/relativizing pronoun introducing the coordinated leaders. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἱερεῖς | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 8 | ἱερεῖς | ἱερεύς | NOUN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἡγοῦνται | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject of ἡγοῦνται. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GMP | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἱερεῖς | nmod | high | Priests of the gods. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ὅσοι | cc | high | Coordinates the second relative subject with the priests. |
| 12 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P-RMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἔχουσιν | nsubj | high | Free-relative subject: 'as many as'. |
| 13 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἀρχὰς | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐπετείους | ἐπετήσιος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἀρχὰς | amod | high | Accusative feminine plural modifying ἀρχάς. |
| 15 | ἀρχὰς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσιν. |
| 16 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ὅσοι | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἡγοῦνται | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἕπονται | ἕπομαι | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 1 ἡγοῦνται | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate: 'they follow'. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἕπονται | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 γυναῖκες | cc | high | Coordinates γυναῖκες and ἄνδρες. |
| 21 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἕπονται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕπονται. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἄνδρες | cc | high | Coordinates ἄνδρες with γυναῖκες. |
| 23 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 γυναῖκες | conj | high | Second coordinated subject of ἕπονται. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἕπονται | punct | high |
τοῖς δὲ καὶ παισὶν ἔτι οὖσι καθέστηκεν ἤδη τὴν θεὸν τιμᾶν τῇ πομπῇ· οὗτοι λευκὴν ἐσθῆτα καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς ἔχουσι στεφάνους.
The first clause is difficult: τοῖς ... παισὶν ἔτι οὖσι is a dative group, likely with καθέστηκεν understood impersonally or with an unexpressed subject; τιμᾶν is its complementary infinitive, while τῇ πομπῇ is probably instrumental/associative. The second clause has οὗτοι as subject of ἔχουσι, with λευκὴν ἐσθῆτα and στεφάνους as coordinated objects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παισὶν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 καθέστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 παισὶν | cc | high | |
| 4 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 καθέστηκεν | iobj | medium | Dative relation to the difficult καθέστηκεν construction. |
| 5 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 οὖσι | advmod | high | |
| 6 | οὖσι | εἰμί | AUX | VPPADPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 παισὶν | acl | high | |
| 7 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | V3SRAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Potentially impersonal or with an unexpressed subject; exact sense/construction is uncertain. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 καθέστηκεν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 10 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τιμᾶν | obj | high | Feminine θεόν refers to the goddess. |
| 11 | τιμᾶν | τιμάω | VERB | VN-PAA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πομπῇ | det | high | |
| 13 | πομπῇ | πομπή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τιμᾶν | obl | medium | Likely instrumental/associative dative: honoring the goddess in or by the procession. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 καθέστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἔχουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | λευκὴν | λευκός | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐσθῆτα | amod | high | |
| 17 | ἐσθῆτα | ἐσθής | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἔχουσι | obj | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 στεφάνους | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 κεφαλαῖς | case | high | |
| 20 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 κεφαλαῖς | det | high | |
| 21 | κεφαλαῖς | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 ἔχουσι | obl | high | Prepositional phrase modifies the wearing/possession expressed by ἔχουσι. |
| 22 | ἔχουσι | ἔχω | VERB | V3PPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 καθέστηκεν | parataxis | high | |
| 23 | στεφάνους | στέφανος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἔχουσι | obj | high | |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἔχουσι | punct | high |
πλέκονται δὲ οἱ στέφανοί σφισιν ἐκ τοῦ ἄνθους ὃ καλοῦσιν οἱ ταύτῃ κοσμοσάνδαλον, ὑάκινθον ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ὄντα καὶ μεγέθει καὶ χρόᾳ· ἔπεστι δέ οἱ καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῷ θρήνῳ γράμματα.
The middle dot separates two clauses; δοκεῖν is parenthetical with an accusative infinitive construction (ὑάκινθον ... ὄντα).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλέκονται | πλέκω | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πλέκονται | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 στέφανοί | det | high | |
| 4 | στέφανοί | στέφανος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πλέκονται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 5 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 1 πλέκονται | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or reference. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἄνθους | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἄνθους | det | high | |
| 8 | ἄνθους | ἄνθος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 πλέκονται | obl | high | |
| 9 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, antecedent ἄνθος. |
| 10 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἄνθους | acl:relcl | high | |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 καλοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized article: the people there. |
| 12 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | P-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 οἱ | nmod | medium | Substantivized/local dative, ‘there/in that place’; syntactically elliptical. |
| 13 | κοσμοσάνδαλον | κοσμοσάνδαλον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 καλοῦσιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate accusative with καλέω. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ὑάκινθον | ὑάκινθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 δοκεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 16 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 17 δοκεῖν | iobj | high | Dative of opinion with δοκεῖν. |
| 17 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 πλέκονται | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical infinitive, ‘it seems to me’. |
| 18 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ὑάκινθον | cop | high | Participle agreeing with ὑάκινθον. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 μεγέθει | cc | high | |
| 20 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ὄντα | obl | high | Dative of respect. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 χρόᾳ | cc | high | |
| 22 | χρόᾳ | χροιά | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὄντα | obl | high | Dative of respect. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πλέκονται | punct | high | |
| 24 | ἔπεστι | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | New coordinated sentence after middle dot. |
| 25 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἔπεστι | cc | high | |
| 26 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DS3 | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 24 ἔπεστι | iobj | high | Dative pronoun with ἔπεστι. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 28 τὰ | advmod | high | ‘also’. |
| 28 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 γράμματα | det | high | |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 θρήνῳ | case | high | |
| 30 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 θρήνῳ | det | high | |
| 31 | θρήνῳ | θρῆνος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 γράμματα | nmod | high | |
| 32 | γράμματα | γράμμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἔπεστι | nsubj | high | |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἔπεστι | punct | high |