Grammar parses for passage 2.35.7
Open translation for this passage
τέσσαρες δὲ ἔνδον ὑπολειπόμεναι γρᾶες, αὗται τὴν βοῦν εἰσιν αἱ κατεργαζόμεναι· δρεπάνῳ γὰρ ἥτις ἂν τύχῃ τὴν φάρυγγα ὑπέτεμε τῆς βοός.
The first clause identifies the four old women left inside; αὗται is the subject of εἰσιν with predicate participle αἱ κατεργαζόμεναι. In the relative clause, ἥτις is the indefinite relative subject of τύχῃ, with ἂν marking the eventual/general condition; its object is τὴν φάρυγγα, and τῆς βοός is a genitive of the part cut. The exact force of ὑπολειπόμεναι is participial and context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέσσαρες | τέσσαρες | NUM | Cardiff | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 γρᾶες | nummod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | P | _ | 10 εἰσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔνδον | ἔνδον | ADV | D | _ | 4 ὑπολειπόμεναι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ὑπολειπόμεναι | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-PPAP-NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 γρᾶες | acl | high | |
| 5 | γρᾶες | γραῦς | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 5 γρᾶες | punct | high | |
| 7 | αὗται | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 10 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Resumptive subject; may be appositional to γρᾶες. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 βοῦν | det | high | |
| 9 | βοῦν | βοῦς | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κατεργαζόμεναι | obj | high | |
| 10 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 κατεργαζόμεναι | det | high | |
| 12 | κατεργαζόμεναι | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 εἰσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate participle with εἰσιν; τὴν βοῦν is its object. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 10 εἰσιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | δρεπάνῳ | δρεπάνη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ὑπέτεμε | obl | medium | Instrumental dative; form may reflect neuter δρέπανον or feminine δρεπάνη depending lexical analysis. |
| 15 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | P | _ | 21 ὑπέτεμε | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἥτις | ὅστις | PRON | RI-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 18 τύχῃ | nsubj | high | Indefinite relative subject. |
| 17 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X | _ | 18 τύχῃ | advmod | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 18 | τύχῃ | τυγχάνω | VERB | V-2AAS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 21 ὑπέτεμε | advcl | high | General/eventual temporal or conditional subordinate clause. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 φάρυγγα | det | high | |
| 20 | φάρυγγα | φάρυγξ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ὑπέτεμε | obj | high | |
| 21 | ὑπέτεμε | ὑποτέμνω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 εἰσιν | parataxis | high | Main finite verb of the explanatory sentence. |
| 22 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 βοός | det | high | |
| 23 | βοός | βοῦς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 φάρυγγα | nmod | high | Genitive of the part whose throat is cut. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNC | _ | 10 εἰσιν | punct | high |
μετὰ δὲ αἱ θύραι τε ἠνοίχθησαν καὶ προσελαύνουσιν οἷς ἐπιτέτακται βοῦν δὲ δευτέραν καὶ τρίτην ἐπὶ ταύτῃ καὶ ἄλλην τετάρτην.
The coordinated finite verbs have a shared subject αἱ θύραι; οἷς is a dative relative pronoun referring to the persons commanded, and the final accusatives continue an elliptical προσάγουσιν/προσελαύνουσιν construction. The sequence δευτέραν, τρίτην, ἄλλην τετάρτην modifies elided βοῦν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 6 ἠνοίχθησαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverbial preposition; governs an elided/understood temporal complement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἠνοίχθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 θύραι | det | high | |
| 4 | θύραι | θύρα | NOUN | N----NP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἠνοίχθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of the passive ἠνοίχθησαν and coordinated προσελαύνουσιν. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἠνοίχθησαν | cc | high | Correlative coordinator with καί. |
| 6 | ἠνοίχθησαν | ἀνοίγω | VERB | V3PAPI---- | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist passive, 3pl; form may reflect textual variant/spelling of ἠνοίχθησαν. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 προσελαύνουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite verb. |
| 8 | προσελαύνουσιν | προσελαύνω | VERB | V3PPAI---- | Aspect=Imperfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἠνοίχθησαν | conj | high | Present active 3pl, coordinated with ἠνοίχθησαν; subject is likely αἱ θύραι by agreement, though sense is context-dependent. |
| 9 | οἷς | ὅς | PRON | R----DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ἐπιτέτακται | iobj | medium | Relative pronoun, dative plural; likely the persons to whom the order has been given. |
| 10 | ἐπιτέτακται | ἐπιτάσσω | VERB | V3SRMI---- | Aspect=Perfect|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 8 προσελαύνουσιν | advcl | medium | Perfect middle/passive 3sg, impersonal or with οἷς as dative complement: 'those who have been commanded'. |
| 11 | βοῦν | βοῦς | NOUN | N----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 προσελαύνουσιν | obj | high | Accusative object of προσελαύνουσιν, with the following numeral adjectives. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 προσελαύνουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator introducing the next stage/item. |
| 13 | δευτέραν | δεύτερος | ADJ | A----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Ord|Number=Sing | 11 βοῦν | amod | high | Ordinal modifying βοῦν. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 τρίτην | cc | high | Coordinates the ordinal adjectives. |
| 15 | τρίτην | τρίτος | ADJ | A----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Ord|Number=Sing | 11 βοῦν | conj | high | Ordinal modifying elided βοῦν, coordinated with δευτέραν. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 17 ταύτῃ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative ταύτῃ. |
| 17 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | D----DS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 15 τρίτην | obl | high | Dative demonstrative with ἐπί: 'upon/after this one'. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἄλλην | cc | high | Coordinates the final adjective. |
| 19 | ἄλλην | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 20 τετάρτην | amod | high | Modifies the elided noun βοῦν. |
| 20 | τετάρτην | τέταρτος | ADJ | A----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Ord|Number=Sing | 11 βοῦν | conj | medium | Fourth in the sequence; coordinates with the preceding ordinal phrase and modifies elided βοῦν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἠνοίχθησαν | punct | high |
κατεργάζονταί τε δὴ πάσας κατὰ ταὐτὰ αἱ γρᾶες
The clause has κατεργάζονται as its root; πάσας is the object, κατὰ ταὐτά is an adverbial manner phrase, and αἱ γρᾶες is the nominative subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατεργάζονταί | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present middle indicative, third plural; enclitic τε follows. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κατεργάζονταί | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating conjunction. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | ADV | _ | 1 κατεργάζονταί | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | πάσας | πᾶς | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 κατεργάζονταί | obj | high | Substantivized feminine accusative plural, object of κατεργάζονται. |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ταὐτὰ | case | high | Preposition governing ταὐτά in the accusative. |
| 6 | ταὐτὰ | ὁ αὐτός | PRON | PD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κατεργάζονταί | obl | medium | Crasis of τὰ αὐτά; idiom κατὰ ταὐτά means 'in the same way'. |
| 7 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 γρᾶες | det | high | Article modifying γρᾶες. |
| 8 | γρᾶες | γραῦς | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 κατεργάζονταί | nsubj | high | Feminine nominative plural subject. |
καὶ τόδε ἄλλο πρόσκειται τῇ θυσίᾳ θαῦμα· ἐφʼ ἥντινα γὰρ ἂν πέσῃ τῶν πλευρῶν ἡ πρώτη βοῦς, ἀνάγκη πεσεῖν καὶ πάσας.
The sentence has a coordination-like shift from the indefinite relative clause to the necessity expression ἀνάγκη πεσεῖν; ἀνάγκη is treated as a second root because the punctuation and verbless impersonal construction make a single-root analysis uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 πρόσκειται | cc | high | |
| 2 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | P-D---N-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 θαῦμα | det | high | Substantivized demonstrative modifying θαῦμα. |
| 3 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----N-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 θαῦμα | amod | high | |
| 4 | πρόσκειται | πρόσκειμαι | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Deponent/intransitive perfective-state verb, ‘is added/attached’. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L----D-SF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 θυσίᾳ | det | high | |
| 6 | θυσίᾳ | θυσία | NOUN | N----D-SF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πρόσκειται | obl | high | Dative complement with πρόσκειμαι. |
| 7 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | N----N-SN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πρόσκειται | nsubj | high | Subject of πρόσκειται. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 πρόσκειται | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 10 ἥντινα | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί before relative pronoun. |
| 10 | ἥντινα | ὅστις | PRON | P-???-A-SF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 πέσῃ | obl | medium | Indefinite relative pronoun; object of ἐπί, with πέσῃ understood as motion/falling onto. |
| 11 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 13 πέσῃ | discourse | high | |
| 12 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | Polarity=Pos | 13 πέσῃ | aux | high | Modal particle marking the indefinite eventual subordinate clause. |
| 13 | πέσῃ | πίπτω | VERB | V2SASA--- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 ἀνάγκη | advcl | high | Indefinite temporal/conditional subordinate verb. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L----G-PN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 πλευρῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | πλευρῶν | πλευρά | NOUN | N----G-PF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 πέσῃ | obl | high | Partitive genitive: one of the sides/ribs. |
| 16 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L----N-SF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πρώτη | det | high | |
| 17 | πρώτη | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-S--N-SF | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 βοῦς | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the first’. |
| 18 | βοῦς | βοῦς | NOUN | N----N-SF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πέσῃ | nsubj | high | Subject of πέσῃ; feminine noun referring to the first cow. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 πέσῃ | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N----N-SF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal necessity expression; some analyses attach it as a paratactic/consecutive predicate to the preceding clause. |
| 21 | πεσεῖν | πίπτω | VERB | V2AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 ἀνάγκη | csubj | high | Articular-less infinitive functioning as the complement/content of ἀνάγκη. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 πεσεῖν | cc | high | |
| 23 | πάσας | πᾶς | ADJ | A----A-PF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 πεσεῖν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘all [the cows]’; object of πεσεῖν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀνάγκη | punct | high |