Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 2.5.5

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Passage 2.5.5

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

89Greek tokens

3,149input tokens

6,764output tokens

Sentence 1

2.5.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 25
Input: 815
Output: 1,763
Total: 2,578

ἐκ Κορίνθου δὲ οὐκ ἐς μεσόγαιαν ἀλλὰ τὴν ἐπὶ Σικυῶνα ἰοῦσι ναὸς ἐμπεπρησμένος ἐστὶν οὐ πόρρω τῆς πόλεως, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ τῆς ὁδοῦ.

The dative participle ἰοῦσι is understood with an implicit plural traveler subject and governs the directional phrase ἐς ...; ναὸς ἐμπεπρησμένος is the subject of ἐστίν. The final ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ... phrase is a coordinated locative predication.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	2 Κορίνθου	case	high
2	Κορίνθου	Κόρινθος	PROPN	N--GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἰοῦσι	obl	high	Object of ἐκ.
3	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἰοῦσι	cc	high
4	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	DX	Polarity=Neg	11 ἰοῦσι	advmod	high
5	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	6 μεσόγαιαν	case	high	Epic/Ionic form of εἰς.
6	μεσόγαιαν	μεσόγαια	NOUN	N--AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἰοῦσι	obl	high	First, contrasted destination.
7	ἀλλὰ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἰοῦσι	cc	high
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RA--AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἐπὶ	det	high	Article with substantivized/elliptical directional expression.
9	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	10 Σικυῶνα	case	high
10	Σικυῶνα	Σικυών	PROPN	N--ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἰοῦσι	obl	high	Destination with ἐπί; τὴν ... ἐπὶ Σικυῶνα is the contrasted route.
11	ἰοῦσι	εἶμι	VERB	V-PAP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	14 ἐστὶν	advcl	medium	Dative plural present participle, ‘for those going’; implicit subject.
12	ναὸς	ναός	NOUN	N--NMS-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστὶν	nsubj	high
13	ἐμπεπρησμένος	ἐμπίμπρημι	VERB	V-RPP-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	12 ναὸς	amod	high	Perfect passive participle agreeing with ναός.
14	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V-Pでも?	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	low	XPOS uncertain; copular finite verb.
15	οὐ	οὐ	PART	DX	Polarity=Neg	16 πόρρω	advmod	high
16	πόρρω	πόρρω	ADV	D--------	_	14 ἐστὶν	advmod	high	Predicate of distance, governing the genitive.
17	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA--GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 πόλεως	det	high
18	πόλεως	πόλις	NOUN	N--GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 πόρρω	obl	high	Genitive with πόρρω.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστὶν	punct	high
20	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	21 ἀριστερᾷ	case	high
21	ἀριστερᾷ	ἀριστερός	ADJ	A--DFS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστὶν	obl	medium	Substantivized adjective, ‘on the left’; ἐν ἀριστερᾷ is coordinated with the preceding predication.
22	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	21 ἀριστερᾷ	cc	high
23	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA--GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 ὁδοῦ	det	high
24	ὁδοῦ	ὁδός	NOUN	N--GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἀριστερᾷ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἀριστερᾷ.
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστὶν	punct	high

Sentence 2

2.5.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 23
Input: 790
Output: 1,703
Total: 2,493

γεγόνασι μὲν δὴ καὶ ἄλλοι πόλεμοι περὶ τὴν Κορινθίαν καὶ πῦρ ἐπέλαβεν ὡς τὸ εἰκὸς καὶ οἰκίας καὶ ἱερὰ τὰ ἔξω τείχους·

The sentence coordinates two clauses: ‘other wars also occurred around Corinth, and fire seized, as was likely, the houses and sanctuaries outside the wall.’

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	γεγόνασι	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-RAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	6 πόλεμοι	acl	high	Perfect active indicative, functioning as the finite verb of the first clause.
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	ห	_	1 γεγόνασι	discourse	high	Correlative/contrastive particle.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	PTCL	_	1 γεγόνασι	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἄλλοι	advmod	medium	Here additive, modifying ἄλλοι: ‘also other’.
5	ἄλλοι	ἄλλος	ADJ	A--NP-M--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 πόλεμοι	amod	high	Adjectival modifier of πόλεμοι.
6	πόλεμοι	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	0 ROOT	root	high	Subject of γεγόνασι.
7	περὶ	περί	ADP	P	_	9 Κορινθίαν	case	high	Preposition governing Κορινθίαν.
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RAFS	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 Κορινθίαν	det	high	Article with Κορινθίαν.
9	Κορινθίαν	Κορινθία	PROPN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 πόλεμοι	obl	high	Accusative object of περί, marking the region concerned.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	12 ἐπέλαβεν	cc	high	Coordinates the second finite clause.
11	πῦρ	πῦρ	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἐπέλαβεν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐπέλαβεν.
12	ἐπέλαβεν	ἐπιλαμβάνω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 πόλεμοι	conj	high	Second coordinated finite clause.
13	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	15 εἰκὸς	mark	medium	Introduces an idiomatic parenthetical phrase, ‘as is likely/expected’.
14	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RASNS	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 εἰκὸς	det	high	Article substantivizing the neuter participial adjective.
15	εἰκὸς	εἰκός	ADJ	A--NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἐπέλαβεν	advmod	medium	Substantivized neuter, ‘the likely/natural thing’; parenthetical with ὡς.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	17 οἰκίας	cc	high	Coordinates the objects οἰκίας and ἱερά.
17	οἰκίας	οἰκία	NOUN	N-AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	12 ἐπέλαβεν	obj	high	Accusative object of ἐπέλαβεν.
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	19 ἱερὰ	cc	high	Coordinates ἱερά with οἰκίας.
19	ἱερὰ	ἱερός	ADJ	A--NPN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 ἐπέλαβεν	obj	high	Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuaries/holy places’, coordinated with οἰκίας.
20	τὰ	ὁ	DET	RAPN	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	21 ἔξω	det	high	Article with ἔξω, forming a substantivized expression.
21	ἔξω	ἔξω	ADV	ADV	_	19 ἱερὰ	advmod	medium	Adverb ‘outside’, specifying the sanctuaries.
22	τείχους	τεῖχος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ἔξω	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἔξω, ‘outside the wall’.
23	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 πόλεμοι	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

2.5.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 16
Input: 717
Output: 1,357
Total: 2,074

ἀλλὰ τοῦτόν γε τὸν ναὸν Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι λέγουσι καὶ ὅτι Πύρρος κατακαύσειεν ὁ Ἀχιλλέως αὐτόν.

The sentence coordinates two reported contents: λέγουσι governs an accusative-and-infinitive clause (τοῦτόν ... τὸν ναὸν Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι) and a ὅτι-clause. In the second clause, κατακαύσειεν is an optative of reported speech; Πύρρος is its subject, while ὁ Ἀχιλλέως is an elliptical genitival identification/apposition modifying Πύρρος, and αὐτόν is the object referring to the temple.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀλλὰ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	CONJ	Polarity=Pos	8 λέγουσι	cc	high
2	τοῦτόν	οὗτος	PRON	PD----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	5 ναὸν	det	medium	Correlative demonstrative, fronted/emphatic; together with τὸν ναόν marks the accusative subject of εἶναι.
3	γε	γε	PART	PART	_	2 τοῦτόν	advmod	high	Emphatic particle.
4	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ναὸν	det	high
5	ναὸν	ναός	NOUN	N--ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι.
6	Ἀπόλλωνος	Ἀπόλλων	PROPN	Ne----SG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Grc\|Number=Sing	5 ναὸν	nmod	high	Possessive genitive: temple of Apollo.
7	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAN---	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	8 λέγουσι	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement in the accusative-and-infinitive construction.
8	λέγουσι	λέγω	VERB	V-PIA-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	8 λέγουσι	cc	high	Coordinates the second reported content with the infinitival clause.
10	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	CONJ	_	12 κατακαύσειεν	mark	high	Introduces a content clause.
11	Πύρρος	Πύρρος	PROPN	Ne----NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Grc\|Number=Sing	12 κατακαύσειεν	nsubj	high
12	κατακαύσειεν	κατακαίω	VERB	V-AOA-3S-	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	8 λέγουσι	ccomp	medium	Aorist optative in reported speech; form can also be interpreted contextually as potential/oblique optative.
13	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T----NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 Ἀχιλλέως	det	medium	Article in the elliptical expression ὁ Ἀχιλλέως.
14	Ἀχιλλέως	Ἀχιλλεύς	PROPN	Ne----SG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Grc\|Number=Sing	11 Πύρρος	appos	low	Genitival identification/apposition with Πύρρος, likely ‘Pyrrhus, [son] of Achilles’; the article-plus-genitive phrase is elliptical.
15	αὐτόν	αὐτός	PRON	P----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	12 κατακαύσειεν	obj	high	Object of κατακαύσειεν; refers back to the temple.
16	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	8 λέγουσι	punct	high

Sentence 4

2.5.5 sentence 4

Tokens: 25
Input: 827
Output: 1,941
Total: 2,768

χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἤκουσα καὶ ἄλλο τοιόνδε, ὡς οἱ Κορίνθιοι Διὶ ποιήσαιντο Ὀλυμπίῳ τὸν ναὸν καὶ ὡς ἐξαίφνης πῦρ ποθὲν ἐμπεσὸν διαφθείρειεν αὐτόν.

Main clause has χρόνωι as a temporal dative and ὕστερον as an adverbial modifier; two coordinated ὡς-clauses depend on ἤκουσα. In the first, ποιήσαιντο is an optative in indirect discourse with οἱ Κορίνθιοι as subject and Διὶ Ὀλυμπίῳ as the deity beneficiary/dative; in the second, ποθὲν is an indefinite adverb ('from somewhere') modifying ἐμπεσόν, whose neuter participle agrees with πῦρ. The exact scope of the two ὡς clauses is moderately uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	χρόνῳ	χρόνος	NOUN	N-dat-sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἤκουσα	obl:tmod	high	Temporal dative.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἤκουσα	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ὕστερον	ὕστερος	ADV	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 ἤκουσα	advmod	high	Adverbial 'later'.
4	ἤκουσα	ἀκούω	VERB	V-aor-act-ind-1sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main-clause verb.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 ἄλλο	cc	high	Coordinates the object phrase.
6	ἄλλο	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-acc-sg-neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ἤκουσα	obj	high	Substantivized neuter adjective, object of ἤκουσα.
7	τοιόνδε	τοιόσδε	ADJ	A-acc-sg-neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἄλλο	amod	high	Agrees with substantivized ἄλλο.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἤκουσα	punct	high
9	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἤκουσα	ccomp	medium	Introduces indirect-discourse content; coordinated with token 18.
10	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-nom-pl-masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 Κορίνθιοι	det	high
11	Κορίνθιοι	Κορίνθιος	PROPN	N-nom-pl-masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ποιήσαιντο	nsubj	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
12	Διὶ	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-dat-sg-masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ποιήσαιντο	iobj	medium	Dative of recipient/beneficiary, 'for Zeus'.
13	ποιήσαιντο	ποιέω	VERB	V-aor-mid-opt-3pl	Mood=Opt\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	9 ὡς	ccomp	high	Optative of indirect discourse.
14	Ὀλυμπίῳ	Ὀλύμπιος	PROPN	A-dat-sg-masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 Διὶ	amod	high	Epithet agreeing with Διί.
15	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-acc-sg-masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 ναὸν	det	high
16	ναὸν	ναός	NOUN	N-acc-sg-masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ποιήσαιντο	obj	high	Object of ποιήσαιντο.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 διαφθείρειεν	cc	high	Coordinates the two reported events.
18	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	9 ὡς	conj	medium	Second coordinated ὡς-clause.
19	ἐξαίφνης	ἐξαίφνης	ADV	ADV	_	22 ἐμπεσὸν	advmod	high	Adverb 'suddenly'.
20	πῦρ	πῦρ	NOUN	N-nom-sg-neut	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	22 ἐμπεσὸν	nsubj	high	Subject of the participle.
21	ποθὲν	ποθεν	ADV	ADV	_	22 ἐμπεσὸν	advmod	medium	Indefinite adverb 'from somewhere'; accentuation is as supplied.
22	ἐμπεσὸν	ἐμπίπτω	VERB	V-aor-act-ptcp-nom-sg-neut	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	23 διαφθείρειεν	advcl	high	Aorist participle, agreeing with πῦρ.
23	διαφθείρειεν	διαφθείρω	VERB	V-aor-act-opt-3sg	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	18 ὡς	ccomp	high	Optative in indirect discourse; subject πῦρ.
24	αὐτόν	αὐτός	PRON	P-acc-sg-masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3	23 διαφθείρειεν	obj	high	Refers to the temple, ναόν.
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἤκουσα	punct	high

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