Grammar parses for passage 2.5.7
Open translation for this passage
οὗτος ὁ Ἆπις ἐς τοσόνδε ηὐξήθη δυνάμεως, πρὶν ἢ Πέλοπα ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀφικέσθαι, ὡς τὴν ἐντὸς Ἰσθμοῦ χώραν Ἀπίαν ἀπʼ ἐκείνου καλεῖσθαι.
The sentence has an extent/result construction: ηὐξήθη δυνάμεως ... ὡς ... καλεῖσθαι; πρὶν ἢ introduces an articular infinitival temporal clause. Ἀπίαν is the predicate accusative of καλεῖσθαι, while ἀπʼ ἐκείνου marks the source of the name.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PDNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Ἆπις | det | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἆπις | det | high | |
| 3 | Ἆπις | Ἆπις | PROPN | NPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ηὐξήθη | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 5 τοσόνδε | case | high | Attic-Ionic form ἐς. |
| 5 | τοσόνδε | τοσόσδε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 6 ηὐξήθη | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative expressing degree ('to such an extent'). |
| 6 | ηὐξήθη | αὐξάνω | VERB | V3SPIA---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ηὐξήθη | obl | medium | Genitive of respect/extent with ηὐξήθη. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ηὐξήθη | punct | high | |
| 9 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἀφικέσθαι | mark | high | Temporal subordinator with infinitive. |
| 10 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Part of the compound temporal expression πρὶν ἢ. |
| 11 | Πέλοπα | Πέλοψ | PROPN | NPA-SM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀφικέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 13 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | Attic-Ionic form ἐς. |
| 13 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | NPA-SF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | high | |
| 14 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--AMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ηὐξήθη | advcl | high | Infinitival temporal clause governed by πρὶν ἢ. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀφικέσθαι | punct | high | |
| 16 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 καλεῖσθαι | mark | high | Introduces the consecutive/result infinitive. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 χώραν | det | high | |
| 18 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ἰσθμοῦ | case | high | Postposition governing the genitive. |
| 19 | Ἰσθμοῦ | Ἰσθμός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 χώραν | nmod | high | |
| 20 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 καλεῖσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive καλεῖσθαι. |
| 21 | Ἀπίαν | Ἀπία | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 καλεῖσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with passive καλεῖσθαι. |
| 22 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 ἐκείνου | case | high | Elided form of ἀπό. |
| 23 | ἐκείνου | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | PDGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 24 καλεῖσθαι | obl | high | Source of the name. |
| 24 | καλεῖσθαι | καλέω | VERB | V-PMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 6 ηὐξήθη | advcl | high | Result/consecutive infinitive after ὡς. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ηὐξήθη | punct | high |
Ἄπιδος δὲ ἦν Θελξίων, Θελξίονος δὲ Αἴγυρος, τοῦ δὲ Θουρίμαχος, Θουριμάχου δὲ Λεύκιππος·
Genealogical clauses use ἦν with a genitive possessor/name and coordinated elliptical predicates; τοῦ is the genitive article substantivizing an omitted patronymic/name relation, with Θουρίμαχος understood as the predicate name.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἄπιδος | Ἄπις | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Θελξίων | nmod:poss | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 4 Θελξίων | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 4 Θελξίων | cop | high | |
| 4 | Θελξίων | Θελξίων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominative: “Thelxion was [son/descendant] of Apis.” |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Θελξίων | punct | high | |
| 6 | Θελξίονος | Θελξίων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Αἴγυρος | nmod:poss | high | |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 8 Αἴγυρος | cc | high | |
| 8 | Αἴγυρος | Αἴγυρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Θελξίων | conj | high | Second coordinated genealogical predicate with omitted ἦν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Αἴγυρος | punct | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Θουρίμαχος | det | high | Substantivizing genitive article; antecedent/omitted name is elliptical. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 12 Θουρίμαχος | cc | high | |
| 12 | Θουρίμαχος | Θουρίμαχος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Θελξίων | conj | high | Third coordinated genealogical predicate with omitted ἦν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Θουρίμαχος | punct | high | |
| 14 | Θουριμάχου | Θουρίμαχος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Λεύκιππος | nmod:poss | high | |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 16 Λεύκιππος | cc | high | |
| 16 | Λεύκιππος | Λεύκιππος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Θελξίων | conj | high | Fourth coordinated genealogical predicate with omitted ἦν. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Θελξίων | punct | high |
ταύτῃ τῇ Καλχινίᾳ Ποσειδῶνα συγγενέσθαι φασὶ καὶ τὸν τεχθέντα ὑπʼ αὐτῆς ἔθρεψεν ὁ Λεύκιππος καὶ τελευτῶν παρέδωκέν οἱ τὴν ἀρχήν·
The sentence coordinates an accusative-and-infinitive report (Ποσειδῶνα συγγενέσθαι) with a finite clause whose subject is Λεύκιππος; τεχθέντα is the accusative masculine singular participle referring to Poseidon’s child, while οἱ is dative singular referring to Poseidon.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | PD--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Καλχινίᾳ | det | high | |
| 2 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DA--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Καλχινίᾳ | det | high | |
| 3 | Καλχινίᾳ | Καλχινία | PROPN | NE--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 συγγενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative with συγγενέσθαι. |
| 4 | Ποσειδῶνα | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | NE--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 συγγενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | συγγενέσθαι | συγγίγνομαι | VERB | V--ANA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 φασὶ | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech. |
| 6 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 12 ἔθρεψεν | cc | high | Coordinates the finite clause with the preceding reported clause. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 τεχθέντα | det | high | |
| 9 | τεχθέντα | τίκτω | VERB | V-APPASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 ἔθρεψεν | obj | medium | Accusative participial noun phrase, likely Poseidon's son/child; exact referent is implicit. |
| 10 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 9 τεχθέντα | obl:agent | high | |
| 11 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P--------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 ὑπʼ | case | high | Genitive agent with passive participle. |
| 12 | ἔθρεψεν | τρέφω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | conj | high | Finite clause coordinated with φασί; subject follows. |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Λεύκιππος | det | high | |
| 14 | Λεύκιππος | Λεύκιππος | PROPN | NE--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔθρεψεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 παρέδωκέν | cc | high | Coordinates παρέδωκεν with ἔθρεψεν. |
| 16 | τελευτῶν | τελευτάω | VERB | V-PAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 παρέδωκέν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, with Λεύκιππος as understood subject. |
| 17 | παρέδωκέν | παραδίδωμι | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ἔθρεψεν | conj | high | |
| 18 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP--DS-- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 παρέδωκέν | iobj | medium | Dative recipient, most naturally Poseidon; enclitic form. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 20 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 παρέδωκέν | obj | high | |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔθρεψεν | punct | high |