Grammar parses for passage 2.7.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐκ δὲ τῆς Κορινθίας ἐλθοῦσιν ἐς τὴν Σικυωνίαν Λύκου Μεσσηνίου μνῆμά ἐστιν, ὅστις δὴ οὗτος ὁ Λύκος·
The main clause is existential with ἐστιν and μνῆμα as subject; the initial participle phrase gives source and destination, and the final relative clause identifies the named person.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἐλθοῦσιν | case | high | preposition governing genitive |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἐλθοῦσιν | discourse | high | postpositive connective particle |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Κορινθίας | det | high | article modifying Κορινθίας |
| 4 | Κορινθίας | Κορινθία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐλθοῦσιν | obl | medium | place-name dependent on ἐκ |
| 5 | ἐλθοῦσιν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐστιν | advcl | high | aorist participle agreeing with implied dative plural subject or referent |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἐλθοῦσιν | case | high | preposition governing accusative |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Σικυωνίαν | det | high | article modifying Σικυωνίαν |
| 8 | Σικυωνίαν | Σικυωνία | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐλθοῦσιν | obl | medium | place-name dependent on ἐς |
| 9 | Λύκου | Λύκος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 μνῆμά | nmod | high | genitive modifier of μνῆμά |
| 10 | Μεσσηνίου | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Λύκου | amod | high | ethnic adjective modifying Λύκου |
| 11 | μνῆμά | μνῆμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | subject of ἐστιν |
| 12 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | copular existential clause |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | comma |
| 14 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 18 Λύκος | nsubj | high | relative pronoun introducing identification clause |
| 15 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 14 ὅστις | discourse | high | emphatic particle |
| 16 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 18 Λύκος | det | high | demonstrative modifying ὁ Λύκος |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Λύκος | det | high | article modifying Λύκος |
| 18 | Λύκος | Λύκος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ὅστις | cop | medium | predicate nominative in relative clause; syntax is somewhat compressed |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | punctuation mark |
οὐ γάρ τινα Λύκον εὑρίσκω Μεσσήνιον ἀσκήσαντα πένταθλον οὐδὲ Ὀλυμπικὴν ἀνῃρημένον νίκην.
The syntax is a negative assertion with εὑρίσκω governing an accusative object plus two coordinated participial descriptions; the object chain is somewhat compressed and appositional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 5 εὑρίσκω | advmod | high | Negates the main verb. |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 5 εὑρίσκω | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | τινα | τις | PRON | PNS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 5 εὑρίσκω | obj | high | Indefinite pronoun modifying the object of finding. |
| 4 | Λύκον | Λύκος | PROPN | N--MA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 τινα | appos | medium | Proper name in apposition to τινα. |
| 5 | εὑρίσκω | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | Μεσσήνιον | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A--MA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Λύκον | amod | high | Adjectival ethnic modifying Λύκον. |
| 7 | ἀσκήσαντα | ἀσκέω | VERB | V-AA-PA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 Λύκον | acl | high | Participial clause modifying Λύκον. |
| 8 | πένταθλον | πένταθλος | ADJ | A--MA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀσκήσαντα | obj | medium | Likely object/complement of ἀσκήσαντα; morphology suggests substantive adjective. |
| 9 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἀσκήσαντα | cc | high | Coordinates the participial complements. |
| 10 | Ὀλυμπικὴν | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | A--FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 νίκην | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of νίκην. |
| 11 | ἀνῃρημένον | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-RMP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 νίκην | acl | medium | Perfect participle modifying νίκην. |
| 12 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N--FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀσκήσαντα | conj | high | Second coordinated participial complement of ἀσκήσαντα. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εὑρίσκω | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ χῶμά ἐστι γῆς, αὐτοὶ δὲ Σικυώνιοι τὰ πολλὰ ἐοικότι τρόπῳ θάπτουσι.
Correlative μέν...δέ links two clauses; the second clause has a manner phrase τὰ πολλὰ ἐοικότι τρόπῳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 1 τοῦτο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 5 ἐστι | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | χῶμά | χῶμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominal with ἐστι. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 6 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 χῶμά | nmod | high | Genitive complement of χῶμα. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | Pd-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 15 θάπτουσι | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of θάπτουσι. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 8 αὐτοὶ | discourse | high | Connecting particle. |
| 10 | Σικυώνιοι | Σικυώνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 αὐτοὶ | appos | medium | Appositive to αὐτοὶ. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 πολλὰ | det | high | Article with πολλὰ. |
| 12 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 θάπτουσι | obj | medium | Adverbial accusative, likely object-like extent phrase. |
| 13 | ἐοικότι | ἔοικα | VERB | V-PRAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 τρόπῳ | amod | high | Participle modifying τρόπῳ. |
| 14 | τρόπῳ | τρόπος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 θάπτουσι | obl | high | Dative of manner. |
| 15 | θάπτουσι | θάπτω | VERB | V-3PPA | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | conj | high | Second clause with implied contrast to ἐστι. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 θάπτουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸ μὲν σῶμα γῇ κρύπτουσι, λίθου δὲ ἐποικοδομήσαντες κρηπῖδα κίονας ἐφιστᾶσι καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς ἐπίθημα ποιοῦσι κατὰ τοὺς ἀετοὺς μάλιστα τοὺς ἐν τοῖς ναοῖς·
The syntax is a sequence of coordinated main clauses with the second clause expanded by an aorist participial circumstantial modifier and a comparative phrase introduced by κατὰ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 σῶμα | det | high | Article with σῶμα. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 3 σῶμα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | σῶμα | σῶμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 κρύπτουσι | obj | high | Object of κρύπτουσι. |
| 4 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κρύπτουσι | obl | high | Dative of means/place. |
| 5 | κρύπτουσι | κρύπτω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 κρύπτουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κρηπῖδα | obl | high | Genitive with ἐποικοδομήσαντες, likely material/source. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 9 ἐποικοδομήσαντες | discourse | high | Adversative/continuative particle. |
| 9 | ἐποικοδομήσαντες | ἐποικοδομέω | VERB | v--papamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐφιστᾶσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ἐφιστᾶσι. |
| 10 | κρηπῖδα | κρηπίς | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐποικοδομήσαντες | obj | high | Object of ἐποικοδομήσαντες. |
| 11 | κίονας | κίων | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐφιστᾶσι | obj | high | Object of ἐφιστᾶσι. |
| 12 | ἐφιστᾶσι | ἐφίστημι | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c--------- | _ | 17 ποιοῦσι | cc | high | Coordinates ποιοῦσι with ἐφιστᾶσι. |
| 14 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | d-------- | _ | 17 ποιοῦσι | case | high | Preposition with αὐτοῖς. |
| 15 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 ποιοῦσι | obl | high | Object of ἐπί with ἐπʼ. |
| 16 | ἐπίθημα | ἐπίθημα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ποιοῦσι | obj | high | Object of ποιοῦσι. |
| 17 | ποιοῦσι | ποιέω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 ἐφιστᾶσι | conj | high | Coordinated verb with ἐφιστᾶσι. |
| 18 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | d-------- | _ | 17 ποιοῦσι | case | high | Preposition introducing comparative phrase. |
| 19 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 ἀετοὺς | det | high | Article with ἀετοὺς. |
| 20 | ἀετοὺς | ἀετός | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ποιοῦσι | obl | high | Complement of κατὰ. |
| 21 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | d--------- | _ | 17 ποιοῦσι | advmod | high | Modifies ποιοῦσι / phrase as a whole. |
| 22 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 ἀετοὺς | det | high | Article with participial modifier. |
| 23 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | d-------- | _ | 25 ναοῖς | case | high | Preposition with ναοῖς. |
| 24 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 ναοῖς | det | high | Article with ναοῖς. |
| 25 | ναοῖς | ναός | NOUN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἀετοὺς | nmod | high | Head of relative participial modifier phrase. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐφιστᾶσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |