Grammar parses for passage 2.9.1
Open translation for this passage
ἅτε δὲ ὄντι αὐτῷ Παυσανίου θερμοτέρῳ καὶ οὐ φιλοψύχῳ ταχὺ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ φρονήματος καὶ τόλμης κατείργαστο, καὶ βασιλέα τε οἰκίας τῆς ἑτέρας Εὐρυδαμίδαν παῖδα ἔτι ἀνελὼν φαρμάκῳ διὰ τῶν ἐφορευόντων ἐς Ἐπικλείδαν τὸν ἀδελφὸν μετέστησε τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τὸ κράτος τῆς γερουσίας καταλύσας πατρονόμους τῷ λόγῳ κατέστησεν ἀντʼ αὐτῶν.
The sentence has two coordinated main predicates (κατείργαστο, μετέστησε/κατέστησεν) with several compressed participial clauses; the structure around Εὐρυδαμίδαν παῖδα is somewhat appositional and uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ὄντι | mark | high | Causal/concessive particle introducing participial clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 17 κατείργαστο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὄντι | εἰμί | VERB | PAP-SMD | Case=Dative|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 κατείργαστο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with αὐτῷ. |
| 4 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | RP3-SMD | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ὄντι | obj | medium | Dative with participle; could be dative of reference/possession. |
| 5 | Παυσανίου | Παυσανίας | PROPN | N-SM---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὄντι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὄντι. |
| 6 | θερμοτέρῳ | θερμός | ADJ | A---SMD-C | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὄντι | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with ὄντι. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 φιλοψύχῳ | cc | high | Coordinates adjectives. |
| 8 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 9 φιλοψύχῳ | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 9 | φιλοψύχῳ | φιλοψύχος | ADJ | A---SMD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὄντι | conj | high | Coordinate predicative adjective with θερμοτέρῳ. |
| 10 | ταχὺ | ταχύς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 κατείργαστο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the clause. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 πάντα | det | high | Article with πάντα. |
| 12 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 κατείργαστο | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, object of the clause. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 14 φρονήματος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 14 | φρονήματος | φρόνημα | NOUN | N-ASN---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 κατείργαστο | obl | high | Instrumental/causal genitive with ὑπό. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 τόλμης | cc | high | Coordinates nouns. |
| 16 | τόλμης | τόλμη | NOUN | N-ASF---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 φρονήματος | conj | high | Coordinate genitive with φρονήματος. |
| 17 | κατείργαστο | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-MLI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plurpf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κατείργαστο | punct | high | Comma. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 37 μετέστησε | cc | high | Coordinates major predicates. |
| 20 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 μετέστησε | obj | high | Object of μετέστησε. |
| 21 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 20 βασιλέα | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective. |
| 22 | οἰκίας | οἰκία | NOUN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 βασιλέα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βασιλέα. |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--FGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 ἑτέρας | det | high | Article with ἑτέρας. |
| 24 | ἑτέρας | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 οἰκίας | amod | high | Modifier of οἰκίας. |
| 25 | Εὐρυδαμίδαν | Εὐρυδαμίδας | PROPN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 μετέστησε | obj | medium | Likely appositive/clarifying accusative with βασιλέα; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 26 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Εὐρυδαμίδαν | appos | high | Apposition to Εὐρυδαμίδαν. |
| 27 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 28 ἀνελὼν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying participle. |
| 28 | ἀνελὼν | ἀναιρέω | VERB | AAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 37 μετέστησε | advcl | high | Aorist participle, likely with same subject as μετέστησε. |
| 29 | φαρμάκῳ | φάρμακον | NOUN | N-DSN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἀνελὼν | obl | high | Dative of means. |
| 30 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 32 ἐφορευόντων | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 31 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 32 ἐφορευόντων | det | high | Article with ἐφορευόντων. |
| 32 | ἐφορευόντων | ἐφορεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 ἀνελὼν | obl | medium | Genitive participial phrase after διά; context suggests 'through the ephors'. |
| 33 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 34 Ἐπικλείδαν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 34 | Ἐπικλείδαν | Ἐπικλείδας | PROPN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 μετέστησε | obl | high | Goal/recipient of the transfer. |
| 35 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 36 ἀδελφὸν | det | high | Article with ἀδελφόν. |
| 36 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 Ἐπικλείδαν | appos | medium | Apposition to Ἐπικλείδαν. |
| 37 | μετέστησε | μεθίστημι | VERB | V-AAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; coordinate with κατέστησεν. |
| 38 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 39 ἀρχὴν | det | high | Article with ἀρχήν. |
| 39 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 μετέστησε | obj | high | Object of μετέστησε. |
| 40 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 42 κράτος | cc | high | Coordinates objects. |
| 41 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 42 κράτος | det | high | Article with κράτος. |
| 42 | κράτος | κράτος | NOUN | N-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 ἀρχὴν | conj | high | Coordinate object with ἀρχήν. |
| 43 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--FGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 44 γερουσίας | det | high | Article with γερουσίας. |
| 44 | γερουσίας | γερουσία | NOUN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 κράτος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κράτος. |
| 45 | καταλύσας | καταλύω | VERB | AAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 49 κατέστησεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle modifying κατέστησεν. |
| 46 | πατρονόμους | πατρονόμος | NOUN | N-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 κατέστησεν | obj | high | Object of κατέστησεν. |
| 47 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 48 λόγῳ | det | high | Article with λόγῳ. |
| 48 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-DSN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 49 κατέστησεν | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 49 | κατέστησεν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second root coordinated with μετέστησε. |
| 50 | ἀντʼ | ἀντί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 51 αὐτῶν | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 51 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | RP3-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 49 κατέστησεν | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἀντί. |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 49 κατέστησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐπιθυμῶν δὲ πραγμάτων μειζόνων καὶ ἀρχῆς τῶν Ἑλλήνων, ἐπέθετο Ἀχαιοῖς πρώτοις, συμμάχους ἐλπίζων ἕξειν ἢν κρατήσῃ καὶ μάλιστα ἐμποδὼν οὐκ ἐθέλων εἶναί οἱ τοῖς δρωμένοις.
The syntax is centered on ἐπέθετο with several participial clauses; the final infinitival phrase εἶναί οἱ τοῖς δρωμένοις is somewhat uncertain in attachment and function.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπιθυμῶν | ἐπιθυμέω | VERB | V-PPP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἐπέθετο | advcl | high | Temporal/circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἐπιθυμῶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πραγμάτων | πρᾶγμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐπιθυμῶν | obj | high | Object of ἐπιθυμῶν. |
| 4 | μειζόνων | μέγας | ADJ | A-GPN-C | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 πραγμάτων | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πραγμάτων. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἀρχῆς | cc | high | Connects the coordinated genitive noun. |
| 6 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 πραγμάτων | conj | high | Coordinated with πραγμάτων under ἐπιθυμῶν. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--PGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ἑλλήνων | det | high | Article modifying Ἑλλήνων. |
| 8 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | NN-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀρχῆς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀρχῆς. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπέθετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἐπέθετο | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 11 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | NN-PDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐπέθετο | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπέθετο. |
| 12 | πρώτοις | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-DPM-S | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Ἀχαιοῖς | amod | high | Attributive modifier of Ἀχαιοῖς. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπέθετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | συμμάχους | σύμμαχος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἕξειν | obj | medium | Likely object/complement of ἕξειν; could be predicative sense 'as allies'. |
| 15 | ἐλπίζων | ἐλπίζω | VERB | V-PPP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἐπέθετο | advcl | high | Participial clause depending on main verb. |
| 16 | ἕξειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-FAI | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 ἐλπίζων | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἐλπίζων. |
| 17 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 18 κρατήσῃ | mark | high | Introduces conditional clause. |
| 18 | κρατήσῃ | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ἕξειν | advcl | high | Conditional subordinate verb dependent on ἕξειν. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 μάλιστα | cc | high | Coordinates adverbials. |
| 20 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | _ | 21 ἐμποδὼν | advmod | high | Modifies ἐμποδών. |
| 21 | ἐμποδὼν | ἐμποδών | ADV | D | _ | 23 ἐθέλων | advmod | high | Adverbial predicate/complement with εἶναί. |
| 22 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 23 ἐθέλων | advmod | high | Negation of ἐθέλων. |
| 23 | ἐθέλων | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PPP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἐπέθετο | advcl | high | Participial clause dependent on main verb. |
| 24 | εἶναί | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ἐθέλων | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἐθέλων. |
| 25 | οἱ | ὅς | PRON | P-DT--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 24 εἶναί | iobj | low | Likely dative pronoun with εἶναί; form is ambiguous in context. |
| 26 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA--DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 δρωμένοις | det | high | Article modifying δρωμένοις. |
| 27 | δρωμένοις | δράω | VERB | V-PPP-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 24 εἶναί | obl | medium | Dative participle phrase dependent on εἶναί; exact syntactic role uncertain. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπέθετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |