Grammar parses for passage 2.9.3
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ Λεωνίδου παίδων Ἐπικλείδας μὲν ἀπέθανεν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ, Κλεομένην δὲ φεύγοντα ἐς Αἴγυπτον καὶ τιμῆς παρὰ Πτολεμαίῳ πρῶτα ἔχοντα συνέβη δεθῆναι, καταγνωσθέντα Αἰγυπτίων ἄνδρας ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα συνιστάναι.
The syntax is heavily participial: an initial genitive phrase, then a first finite clause, followed by an accusative-and-participle / infinitival sequence governed by συνέβη, with a further participial clause and infinitive at the end.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παίδων | det | high | Article modifying παίδων. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 Ἐπικλείδας | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | Λεωνίδου | Λεωνίδης | PROPN | N_S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παίδων. |
| 4 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἐπικλείδας | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive phrase dependent on Ἐπικλείδας. |
| 5 | Ἐπικλείδας | Ἐπικλείδας | PROPN | N-????-?? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπέθανεν | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of ἀπέθανεν; form is orthographically ambiguous. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 5 Ἐπικλείδας | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 7 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-3AAI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 10 μάχῃ | case | high | Introduces locative PP. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μάχῃ | det | high | Article modifying μάχῃ. |
| 10 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DS--FG- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπέθανεν | obl | high | Temporal/locative oblique. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | Κλεομένην | Κλεομένης | PROPN | N-????-?? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 συνέβη | nsubj | medium | Patient of infinitival passive construction; case from participle chain. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 Κλεομένην | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 14 | φεύγοντα | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 Κλεομένην | advcl | high | Participial adjunct modifying Κλεομένην. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 16 Αἴγυπτον | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 16 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 φεύγοντα | obl | high | Goal of motion with φεύγοντα. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 τιμῆς | cc | high | Coordinates participles. |
| 18 | τιμῆς | τιμή | NOUN | N-GS--FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἔχοντα | obl | medium | Likely genitive with ἔχοντα; phrase 'having priority of honor'. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R | _ | 20 Πτολεμαίῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 20 | Πτολεμαίῳ | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N-DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τιμῆς | nmod | high | Object of παρὰ. |
| 21 | πρῶτα | πρῶτον | ADV | D | _ | 22 ἔχοντα | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοντα. |
| 22 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 Κλεομένην | conj | high | Participial chain coordinated with φεύγοντα. |
| 23 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-3AAI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἀπέθανεν | conj | high | Secondary predicate governing infinitive δεθῆναι. |
| 24 | δεθῆναι | δέω | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 23 συνέβη | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of συνέβη. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 συνέβη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 26 | καταγνωσθέντα | καταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-APP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 32 συνιστάναι | advcl | medium | Participial clause modifying the infinitive subject/object complex. |
| 27 | Αἰγυπτίων | Αἰγύπτιος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Attributive genitive-like adjective with ἄνδρας. |
| 28 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-AP--MG- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 συνιστάναι | obj | medium | Accusative plural as object of συνιστάναι. |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 31 βασιλέα | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 30 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 βασιλέα | det | high | Article modifying βασιλέα. |
| 31 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 συνιστάναι | obl | high | Goal/target of ἐπί. |
| 32 | συνιστάναι | συνίστημι | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 26 καταγνωσθέντα | xcomp | high | Infinitive complementary to καταγνωσθέντα/implicit governing structure. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ ἄσμενοι Κλεομένους ἀπαλλαγέντες βασιλεύεσθαι μὲν οὐκέτι ἠξίωσαν, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ καὶ ἐς τόδε διαμένει σφίσιν ἐκείνης τῆς πολιτείας.
The syntax is slightly compressed: ἄσμενοι and ἀπαλλαγέντες are participial modifiers of Λακεδαιμόνιοι, and the second clause διαμένει σφίσιν ... is coordinated to the main verb ἠξίωσαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N--PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἠξίωσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἠξίωσαν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 9 ἠξίωσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄσμενοι | ἄσμενος | ADJ | A--PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | advcl | medium | Adjectival participle modifying the subject; exact attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | Κλεομένους | Κλεομένης | PROPN | N--SMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπαλλαγέντες | obj | medium | Likely object of ἀπαλλαγέντες; form is unusual and may reflect textual/inflectional irregularity. |
| 5 | ἀπαλλαγέντες | ἀπαλλάσσω | VERB | V-APPMN--- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 6 | βασιλεύεσθαι | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PPN--- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 ἠξίωσαν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἠξίωσαν. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 9 ἠξίωσαν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 ἠξίωσαν | advmod | high | Negating adverb modifying ἠξίωσαν. |
| 9 | ἠξίωσαν | ἀξιόω | VERB | V-AAI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἠξίωσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 λοιπὰ | det | high | Article with λοιπὰ. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 17 διαμένει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 13 | λοιπὰ | λοιπός | ADJ | A-APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 διαμένει | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural as subject of διαμένει, though clause structure is somewhat compressed. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 διαμένει | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 τόδε | case | high | Preposition governing τόδε. |
| 16 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | PD-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 17 διαμένει | obl | high | Prepositional object with ἐς. |
| 17 | διαμένει | διαμένω | VERB | V-PAI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 ἠξίωσαν | conj | high | Coordinated clause with ἠξίωσαν. |
| 18 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P3DP--- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 διαμένει | iobj | high | Dative of reference/advantage. |
| 19 | ἐκείνης | ἐκεῖνος | DET | PD-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 21 πολιτείας | det | high | Modifies πολιτείας. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-?F?--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 πολιτείας | det | low | Definite article; exact morphological code uncertain from token alone. |
| 21 | πολιτείας | πολιτεία | NOUN | N--SFG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 διαμένει | obl | high | Genitive dependent of διαμένει, likely with ἐκείνης. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἠξίωσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Ἀράτῳ δὲ Ἀντίγονος ἅτε ἀνδρὶ εὐεργέτῃ καὶ συγκατειργασμένῳ λαμπρὰ οὕτω διέμεινεν εὔνους.
The clause contains a participial comparison with ἅτε; the dative nouns and participle form a descriptive apposition/predicative phrase modifying Ἀντίγονος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀράτῳ | Ἄρατος | PROPN | N-P---SM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διέμεινεν | obl | high | Dative of reference/advantage with the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 διέμεινεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ἀντίγονος | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | N-S---SM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διέμεινεν | nsubj | high | Subject of διέμεινεν. |
| 4 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 11 διέμεινεν | mark | high | Introduces causal/comparative nuance: 'as being'. |
| 5 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 εὔνους | obl | high | Predicative dative dependent on the participle phrase. |
| 6 | εὐεργέτῃ | εὐεργέτης | NOUN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνδρὶ | conj | medium | Likely coordinated with ἀνδρὶ as another dative predicate noun. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 συγκατειργασμένῳ | cc | high | Coordinates the participle phrase. |
| 8 | συγκατειργασμένῳ | συγκατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMP-DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἀνδρὶ | conj | medium | Coordinate participle with ἀνδρὶ; morphology slightly uncertain but best fit is perfect middle/passive participle. |
| 9 | λαμπρὰ | λαμπρός | ADJ | A-AP---N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 διέμεινεν | obj | low | Likely adverbial accusative 'splendidly' / 'gloriously'; form is ambiguous. |
| 10 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 διέμεινεν | advmod | high | Modifies the finite verb. |
| 11 | διέμεινεν | διαμένω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 12 | εὔνους | εὔνους | ADJ | A-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 διέμεινεν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with the subject Antigonus. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 διέμεινεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |