Grammar parses for passage 2.9.3
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ Λεωνίδου παίδων Ἐπικλείδας μὲν ἀπέθανεν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ, Κλεομένην δὲ φεύγοντα ἐς Αἴγυπτον καὶ τιμῆς παρὰ Πτολεμαίῳ πρῶτα ἔχοντα συνέβη δεθῆναι, καταγνωσθέντα Αἰγυπτίων ἄνδρας ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα συνιστάναι.
The sentence has an explicit nominative subject Ἐπικλείδας for ἀπέθανεν; the accusative Κλεομένην is coordinated by δέ and controls the participles φεύγοντα, ἔχοντα, καταγνωσθέντα, with συνέβη δεθῆναι forming the impersonal construction. The final infinitive συνιστάναι is governed by δεθῆναι and has Αἰγυπτίων ἄνδρας as its accusative subject; attachment of καταγνωσθέντα is interpreted predicatively with Κλεομένην.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παίδων | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 7 ἀπέθανεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Λεωνίδου | Λεωνίδης | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 4 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἐπικλείδας | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with the following named child. |
| 5 | Ἐπικλείδας | Ἐπικλείδας | PROPN | N-----SM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπέθανεν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | --------- | _ | 7 ἀπέθανεν | discourse | high | |
| 7 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 μάχῃ | case | high | |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----FSD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 10 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-----SD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπέθανεν | obl | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | Κλεομένην | Κλεομένης | PROPN | N-----SAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 συνέβη | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival/impersonal construction. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 23 συνέβη | cc | high | |
| 14 | φεύγοντα | φεύγω | VERB | V-SAPAM- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 Κλεομένην | acl | high | Participial adjunct agreeing with Κλεομένην. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Αἴγυπτον | case | high | |
| 16 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | N-----SA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 φεύγοντα | obl | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 22 ἔχοντα | cc | high | |
| 18 | τιμῆς | τιμή | NOUN | N-----SG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἔχοντα | obl | medium | Genitive of rank/standing with ἔχοντα. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Πτολεμαίῳ | case | high | |
| 20 | Πτολεμαίῳ | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N-----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τιμῆς | nmod | high | Person with whom the standing was held. |
| 21 | πρῶτα | πρῶτος | ADV | A----NPN- | Degree=Pos | 22 ἔχοντα | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘in the first rank’. |
| 22 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-SAPAM- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 Κλεομένην | conj | high | Coordinated participle agreeing with Κλεομένην. |
| 23 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἀπέθανεν | conj | high | Impersonal ‘it happened/chanced’; coordinates with ἀπέθανεν. |
| 24 | δεθῆναι | δέω | VERB | V--APR---- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 23 συνέβη | xcomp | medium | Aorist passive infinitive; the form is morphologically aorist passive despite the imperfective-looking spelling in some traditions. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 συνέβη | punct | high | |
| 26 | καταγνωσθέντα | καταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-SAPPAM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 12 Κλεομένην | advcl | medium | Predicative/temporal participle agreeing with Κλεομένην: ‘after he was condemned’; exact scope is somewhat uncertain. |
| 27 | Αἰγυπτίων | Αἰγύπτιος | ADJ | A----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἄνδρας | amod | high | |
| 28 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 συνιστάναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of συνιστάναι. |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 βασιλέα | case | high | |
| 30 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 βασιλέα | det | high | |
| 31 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 συνιστάναι | obl | high | ἐπί with accusative, ‘against the king’. |
| 32 | συνιστάναι | συνίστημι | VERB | V--PAN---- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 δεθῆναι | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on δεθῆναι. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high |
καὶ ἀπέδρα μὲν ἐκ τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου καὶ τοῖς Ἀλεξανδρεῦσιν ἀρχὴν θορύβου παρέσχε· τέλος δέ, ὡς ἡλίσκετο, ἀπέσφαξεν αὑτόν.
The sentence has coordinated aorist predicates (ἀπέδρα, παρέσχε, ἀπέσφαξεν); τέλος is an adverbial accusative, and ὡς ἡλίσκετο is a temporal subordinate clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέδρα | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἀπέδρα | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέδρα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν anticipates δέ. |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 6 δεσμωτηρίου | case | high | |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 δεσμωτηρίου | det | high | |
| 6 | δεσμωτηρίου | δεσμωτήριον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἀπέδρα | obl | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 παρέσχε | cc | high | |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Ἀλεξανδρεῦσιν | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἀλεξανδρεῦσιν | Ἀλεξανδρεύς | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 παρέσχε | iobj | high | |
| 10 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 παρέσχε | obj | high | |
| 11 | θορύβου | θόρυβος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀρχὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀρχήν: beginning of tumult. |
| 12 | παρέσχε | παρέχω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 2 ἀπέδρα | conj | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέδρα | punct | high | |
| 14 | τέλος | τέλος | ADV | _ | _ | 20 ἀπέσφαξεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘finally’. |
| 15 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἀπέσφαξεν | cc | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀπέσφαξεν | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἡλίσκετο | mark | high | Temporal/concessive subordinating conjunction. |
| 18 | ἡλίσκετο | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-IPI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Pass | 20 ἀπέσφαξεν | advcl | high | Imperfect passive, ‘as he was being captured’. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἡλίσκετο | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀπέσφαξεν | ἀποσφάζω | VERB | V-1AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 2 ἀπέδρα | conj | high | Coordinated with the preceding finite verbs. |
| 21 | αὑτόν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-3ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 20 ἀπέσφαξεν | obj | high | |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἀπέδρα | punct | high |