Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 3.1.2

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Passage 3.1.2

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2sentences parsed

81Greek tokens

1,914input tokens

5,692output tokens

Sentence 1

3.1.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 42
Input: 968
Output: 2,959
Total: 3,927

ἅτε δὲ οὐκ ὄντων· αὐτῷ παίδων ἀρρένων βασιλεύειν καταλείπει Λακεδαίμονα, μητρὸς μὲν Ταϋγέτης ὄντα, ἀφʼ ἧς καὶ τὸ ὄρος ὠνομάσθη, ἐς Δία δὲ πατέρα ἀνήκοντα κατὰ τὴν φήμην· συνῴκει δὲ ὁ Λακεδαίμων Σπάρτῃ θυγατρὶ τοῦ Εὐρώτα.

The opening genitive absolute (οὐκ ὄντων ... παίδων) gives the circumstance for καταλείπει; Λακεδαίμονα is its object. ὄντα and ἀνήκοντα are accusative singular masculine participles agreeing with Λακεδαίμονα, while ἀφʼ ἧς refers to Ταϋγέτη. The final clause has Λακεδαίμων as subject and Σπάρτη as dative complement of συνοικέω.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἅτε	ἅτε	ADV	ADV	PronType=Rel	4 ὄντων	advmod	high	Causal particle introducing the genitive absolute.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 καταλείπει	cc	high
3	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	NEG	Polarity=Neg	4 ὄντων	advmod	high
4	ὄντων	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAP-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 καταλείπει	advcl	high	Genitive absolute participle.
5	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	10 καταλείπει	punct	high
6	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-GSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	7 παίδων	nmod	high	Possessive dative with παίδων.
7	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 ὄντων	nsubj	high	Subject of the genitive-absolute εἰμί.
8	ἀρρένων	ἄρρην	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 παίδων	amod	high
9	βασιλεύειν	βασιλεύω	VERB	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 καταλείπει	xcomp	medium	Infinitive complements καταλείπει, with implied subject Λακεδαίμονα.
10	καταλείπει	καταλείπω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	Λακεδαίμονα	Λακεδαίμων	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 καταλείπει	obj	high	Object, and accusative subject of βασιλεύειν.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 καταλείπει	punct	high
13	μητρὸς	μήτηρ	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ὄντα	obl	medium	Genitive of parentage/description with ὄντα.
14	μὲν	μέν	PART	PRT	_	13 μητρὸς	discourse	high	Correlative μέν; δέ follows at token 27.
15	Ταϋγέτης	Ταϋγέτη	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 μητρὸς	nmod	high	Genitive proper name.
16	ὄντα	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	11 Λακεδαίμονα	acl	high	Agrees with Λακεδαίμονα.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 ὄντα	punct	high
18	ἀφʼ	ἀπό	ADP	P	_	19 ἧς	case	high
19	ἧς	ὅς	PRON	P-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	23 ὠνομάσθη	obl	high	Relates to Ταϋγέτη.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 ὠνομάσθη	advmod	high	Also/and.
21	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	22 ὄρος	det	high
22	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 ὠνομάσθη	obj	high
23	ὠνομάσθη	ὀνομάζω	VERB	V-API-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	16 ὄντα	advcl	high	Passive: the mountain was named after her.
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	23 ὠνομάσθη	punct	high
25	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	26 Δία	case	high
26	Δία	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 ἀνήκοντα	obl	high	Object of ἐς in the idiom ἀνήκειν ἐς Δία.
27	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἀνήκοντα	cc	high	Contrasts μητρός μέν with ἐς Δία δέ.
28	πατέρα	πατήρ	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 ἀνήκοντα	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with ἀνήκοντα.
29	ἀνήκοντα	ἀνήκω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	16 ὄντα	conj	high	Second parentage/lineage participle agreeing with Λακεδαίμονα.
30	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	P	_	32 φήμην	case	high
31	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	32 φήμην	det	high
32	φήμην	φήμη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 ἀνήκοντα	obl	high
33	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	29 ἀνήκοντα	punct	high
34	συνῴκει	συνοικέω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	parataxis	high	Second coordinated main predicate; punctuation separates it.
35	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	34 συνῴκει	cc	high
36	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 Λακεδαίμων	det	high
37	Λακεδαίμων	Λακεδαίμων	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	34 συνῴκει	nsubj	high
38	Σπάρτῃ	Σπάρτη	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	34 συνῴκει	obl	high	Dative complement of συνοικέω.
39	θυγατρὶ	θυγάτηρ	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 Σπάρτῃ	appos	high	Apposition: Sparta, daughter of Eurotas.
40	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 Εὐρώτα	det	high
41	Εὐρώτα	Εὐρώτας	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	39 θυγατρὶ	nmod	high
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	34 συνῴκει	punct	high

Sentence 2

3.1.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 39
Input: 946
Output: 2,733
Total: 3,679

τότε δὲ ὡς ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχήν, πρῶτα μὲν τῇ χώρᾳ καὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις μετέθετο ἀφʼ αὑτοῦ τὰ ὀνόματα, μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ᾤκισέ τε καὶ ὠνόμασεν ἀπὸ τῆς γυναικὸς πόλιν, ἣ Σπάρτη καλεῖται καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς.

The final καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς is elliptical after καλεῖται; it indicates continuation to the present narrator’s time. The coordination around ᾤκισε/ὠνόμασεν is represented with ᾤκισε as the first conjunct.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τότε	τότε	ADV	Adverb	_	4 ἔσχε	advmod	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	Conjunction	_	15 μετέθετο	cc	high
3	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	Subordinator	_	4 ἔσχε	mark	high	Temporal clause marker.
4	ἔσχε	ἔχω	VERB	V-Aor-Act-Ind-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	15 μετέθετο	advcl	high	Temporal subordinate clause.
5	τὴν	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	6 ἀρχήν	det	high
6	ἀρχήν	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	4 ἔσχε	obj	high
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 μετέθετο	punct	high
8	πρῶτα	πρῶτος	ADV	Adj-Acc-Neut-Pl-Adv	Case=Accusative\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Plural	15 μετέθετο	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative.
9	μὲν	μέν	PART	Particle	_	15 μετέθετο	discourse	high	Correlative with δέ.
10	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art-Dat-Fem-Sg	Case=Dative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	11 χώρᾳ	det	high
11	χώρᾳ	χώρα	NOUN	N-Dat-Fem-Sg	Case=Dative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	15 μετέθετο	iobj	high	Dative recipient/beneficiary.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conjunction	_	14 ἀνθρώποις	cc	high
13	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	Art-Dat-Masc-Pl	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	14 ἀνθρώποις	det	high
14	ἀνθρώποις	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-Dat-Masc-Pl	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plural	11 χώρᾳ	conj	high	Coordinated dative with χώρᾳ.
15	μετέθετο	μετατίθημι	VERB	V-Aor-Mid-Ind-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Middle	0 ROOT	root	high
16	ἀφʼ	ἀπό	ADP	Prep-Gen	Case=Genitive	17 αὑτοῦ	case	high
17	αὑτοῦ	ἑαυτοῦ	PRON	Reflexive-Gen-Masc-Sg	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Reflexive	19 ὀνόματα	nmod	medium	Source phrase modifying ὀνόματα.
18	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Art-Acc-Neut-Pl	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Plural	19 ὀνόματα	det	high
19	ὀνόματα	ὄνομα	NOUN	N-Acc-Neut-Pl	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Plural	15 μετέθετο	obj	high
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 μετέθετο	punct	high
21	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	Prep-Acc	Case=Accusative	23 τοῦτο	case	high
22	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	Conjunction	_	24 ᾤκισέ	cc	high
23	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	Dem-Acc-Neut-Sg	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Dem	24 ᾤκισέ	obl	high	Temporal accusative phrase.
24	ᾤκισέ	οἰκίζω	VERB	V-Aor-Act-Ind-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	15 μετέθετο	conj	high	Coordinated with μετέθετο.
25	τε	τε	CCONJ	Conjunction	_	24 ᾤκισέ	cc	high	Correlative coordination with καί.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conjunction	_	27 ὠνόμασεν	cc	high
27	ὠνόμασεν	ὀνομάζω	VERB	V-Aor-Act-Ind-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	24 ᾤκισέ	conj	high	Coordinated verb.
28	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	Prep-Gen	Case=Genitive	30 γυναικὸς	case	high
29	τῆς	ὁ	DET	Art-Gen-Fem-Sg	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	30 γυναικὸς	det	high
30	γυναικὸς	γυνή	NOUN	N-Gen-Fem-Sg	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	27 ὠνόμασεν	obl	high	Source/name-giving phrase.
31	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	N-Acc-Fem-Sg	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	24 ᾤκισέ	obj	high	Object of ᾤκισε; also semantically associated with ὠνόμασεν.
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	24 ᾤκισέ	punct	high
33	ἣ	ὅς	PRON	Rel-Pron-Nom-Fem-Sg	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular\|PronType=Rel	35 καλεῖται	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun referring to πόλιν.
34	Σπάρτη	Σπάρτη	PROPN	PropN-Nom-Fem-Sg	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Singular	35 καλεῖται	xcomp	high	Predicate nominative/name.
35	καλεῖται	καλέω	VERB	V-Pres-MidPass-Ind-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Middle	27 ὠνόμασεν	acl:relcl	high
36	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conjunction	_	35 καλεῖται	cc	medium	Coordinates an omitted continuation or phrase.
37	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	Prep-Acc	Case=Accusative	38 ἡμᾶς	case	high
38	ἡμᾶς	ἐγώ	PRON	Pers-Pron-Acc-Pl	Case=Accusative\|Number=Plural\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	35 καλεῖται	obl	medium	Elliptical continuation after καλεῖται, likely ‘down to our time’.
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	15 μετέθετο	punct	high

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