Grammar parses for passage 3.1.3
Open translation for this passage
Ἀμύκλας δὲ ὁ Λακεδαίμονος, βουλόμενος ὑπολιπέσθαι τι καὶ αὐτὸς ἐς μνήμην, πόλισμα ἔκτισεν ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ.
Ἀμύκλας is the subject of ἔκτισεν; βουλόμενος is a concessive/temporal circumstantial participle with subject co-reference, and ὑπολιπέσθαι is its complementary infinitive. πόλισμα is the object of ἔκτισεν; ἐς μνήμην expresses purpose, while ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ is a locative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀμύκλας | Ἀμύκλας | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἔκτισεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἔκτισεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Λακεδαίμονος | det | high | |
| 4 | Λακεδαίμονος | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀμύκλας | appos | medium | Article plus genitive name forms an identifying appositional phrase for Ἀμύκλας. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 βουλόμενος | punct | high | |
| 6 | βουλόμενος | βούλομαι | VERB | V-PMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 15 ἔκτισεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject co-referential with Ἀμύκλας. |
| 7 | ὑπολιπέσθαι | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V--MN- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 6 βουλόμενος | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of βουλόμενος. |
| 8 | τι | τις | PRON | P--ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ὑπολιπέσθαι | obj | high | Indefinite pronoun, object of ὑπολιπέσθαι. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 αὐτὸς | cc | high | |
| 10 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 βουλόμενος | nsubj | medium | Emphatic subject of the infinitival construction, co-referential with Ἀμύκλας. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 μνήμην | case | high | |
| 12 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὑπολιπέσθαι | obl | medium | Purpose/result-like phrase, dependent on ὑπολιπέσθαι. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔκτισεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἔκτισεν | obj | medium | Neuter form is nominative/accusative; syntactically accusative object of ἔκτισεν despite identical form. |
| 15 | ἔκτισεν | κτίζω | VERB | V-AAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 Λακωνικῇ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Λακωνικῇ | det | high | |
| 18 | Λακωνικῇ | Λακωνική | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔκτισεν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘Laconia’; location of the founding. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔκτισεν | punct | high |
γενομένων δέ οἱ παίδων Ὑάκινθον μὲν νεώτατον ὄντα καὶ τὸ εἶδος κάλλιστον κατέλαβεν ἡ πεπρωμένη πρότερον τοῦ πατρός, καὶ Ὑακίνθου μνῆμά ἐστιν ἐν Ἀμύκλαις ὑπὸ τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος.
The opening is a genitive absolute (‘when children had been born’); the first main clause has Ὑάκινθον as object and ἡ πεπρωμένη as subject, followed by a coordinated existential statement about his memorial.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενομένων | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--PMPG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 13 κατέλαβεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with παίδων. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 13 κατέλαβεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP---DM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 κατέλαβεν | iobj | medium | Enclitic personal pronoun, ‘to him’. |
| 4 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N------G-P | Case=Genitive|Gender=Common|Number=Plural | 1 γενομένων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 5 | Ὑάκινθον | Ὑάκινθος | PROPN | N--AMS--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 13 κατέλαβεν | obj | high | |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 5 Ὑάκινθον | discourse | high | Correlative particle, opposed loosely to καί in token 20. |
| 7 | νεώτατον | νέος | ADJ | A-SAMS--- | Case=Accusative|Degree=Superlative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 5 Ὑάκινθον | amod | high | Predicative accusative adjective. |
| 8 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPAMS- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 5 Ὑάκινθον | acl | high | Supplementary participle with Ὑάκινθον. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 12 κάλλιστον | cc | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNAS--- | Case=Accusative|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 11 εἶδος | det | high | |
| 11 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | N-SN---- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 12 κάλλιστον | obl | high | Accusative of respect with κάλλιστον. |
| 12 | κάλλιστον | καλός | ADJ | A-SNAS--- | Case=Accusative|Degree=Superlative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 5 Ὑάκινθον | conj | high | Second predicative accusative description of Ὑάκινθον; coordinated with νεώτατον. |
| 13 | κατέλαβεν | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI3S-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 14 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-SNFNS-- | Case=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 15 πεπρωμένη | det | high | |
| 15 | πεπρωμένη | πορῶ | VERB | V-RPPNF-- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Passive | 13 κατέλαβεν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized perfect passive participle, ‘the destined/fated one’; lemma and lexical analysis are somewhat uncertain. |
| 16 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | A-SN---- | Degree=Comparative | 15 πεπρωμένη | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘earlier/before’. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-SMG---- | Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 18 πατρός | det | high | |
| 18 | πατρός | πατήρ | NOUN | N-SM---- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 πρότερον | obl | high | Genitive complement with πρότερον. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 23 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates the following existential clause. |
| 21 | Ὑακίνθου | Ὑάκινθος | PROPN | N--GMS--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 22 μνῆμά | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, ‘of Hyacinthus’. |
| 22 | μνῆμά | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-SN---- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 23 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI3S-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 13 κατέλαβεν | conj | high | Existential/copular clause coordinated with the first clause. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 Ἀμύκλαις | case | high | |
| 25 | Ἀμύκλαις | Ἀμύκλαι | PROPN | N--DFP--- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 22 μνῆμά | nmod | high | Locative complement of μνῆμα. |
| 26 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 28 ἄγαλμα | case | high | Here spatial ‘under’, governing accusative. |
| 27 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNA---- | Case=Accusative|Definite=Def|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 28 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 28 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-SN---- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 22 μνῆμά | nmod | high | Locative adjunct, ‘under the statue’. |
| 29 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-SMG---- | Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 30 Ἀπόλλωνος | det | high | |
| 30 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N--GMS--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 28 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἀποθανόντος δὲ Ἀμύκλα ἐς Ἄργαλον τὸν πρεσβύτατον τῶν Ἀμύκλα παίδων καὶ ὕστερον ἐς Κυνόρταν Ἀργάλου τελευτήσαντος ἀφίκετο ἡ ἀρχή.
The sentence contains two genitive absolutes: ἀποθανόντος Ἀμύκλα and Ἀργάλου τελευτήσαντος; the coordinated ἐς phrases mark successive recipients of ἡ ἀρχή.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποθανόντος | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | VAAP-SGM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 17 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with δὲ and Ἀμύκλα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀποθανόντος | cc | high | Postpositive connective in the genitive absolute. |
| 3 | Ἀμύκλα | Ἀμύκλος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 ἀποθανόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἄργαλον | case | high | Preposition governing Ἄργαλον. |
| 5 | Ἄργαλον | Ἄργαλος | PROPN | NE-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | First recipient/successor phrase, governed by implied transfer of rule. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 πρεσβύτατον | det | high | Article with superlative. |
| 7 | πρεσβύτατον | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-ASM-S | Case=Accusative|Degree=Superlative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 5 Ἄργαλον | appos | high | Superlative apposition to Ἄργαλον. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 10 παίδων | det | high | Article with παίδων. |
| 9 | Ἀμύκλα | Ἀμύκλος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 10 παίδων | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive modifier of παίδων. |
| 10 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 7 πρεσβύτατον | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on πρεσβύτατον. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Κυνόρταν | cc | high | Coordinates the two ἐς phrases. |
| 12 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Comparative | 14 Κυνόρταν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘later’. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 Κυνόρταν | case | high | Preposition governing Κυνόρταν. |
| 14 | Κυνόρταν | Κυνόρτας | PROPN | NE-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Second recipient/successor phrase. |
| 15 | Ἀργάλου | Ἄργαλος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 τελευτήσαντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute with τελευτήσαντος. |
| 16 | τελευτήσαντος | τελευτάω | VERB | VAAP-SGM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 17 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Second genitive absolute, ‘when Argalus died’. |
| 17 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate: the rule came/reached. |
| 18 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 19 ἀρχή | det | high | Article with ἀρχή. |
| 19 | ἀρχή | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 17 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκετο; authority/rule passed to the named successors. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | punct | _ | 17 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |