Grammar parses for passage 3.1.4
Open translation for this passage
Κυνόρτα δὲ ἐγένετο Οἴβαλος.
Genealogical identification: Κυνόρτας is the subject and Οἴβαλος is the predicate name/complement of γίγνομαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κυνόρτα | Κυνόρτας | PROPN | Ἀρσενικὴ ὀνομαστικὴ ἑνικός | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Personal name, nominative subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | ἄκλιτον | _ | 3 ἐγένετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | Ἀόριστος μέση ὀριστική, τρίτο πρόσωπο ἐνικός | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle indicative of γίγνομαι, ‘became/was born’ in genealogical context. |
| 4 | Οἴβαλος | Οἴβαλος | PROPN | Ἀρσενικὴ ὀνομαστικὴ ἑνικός | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγένετο | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative/name complement with γίγνομαι. |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐγένετο | punct | high |
οὗτος Γοργοφόνην τε τὴν Περσέως γυναῖκα ἔσχεν ἐξ Ἄργους καὶ παῖδα ἔσχε Τυνδάρεων, ᾧ περὶ τῆς βασιλείας Ἱπποκόων ἠμφισβήτει καὶ κατὰ πρεσβείαν ἔχειν ἠξίου τὴν ἀρχήν.
The second ἔσχε is coordinated with the first; the relative clause centers on ᾧ, while ἠξίου governs the infinitival claim ἔχειν τὴν ἀρχήν and embeds ἠμφισβήτει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | pdmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | Γοργοφόνην | Γοργοφόνη | PROPN | nefsan | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Proper name, object of ἔσχεν. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c | _ | 2 Γοργοφόνην | cc | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | dafsna | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 γυναῖκα | det | high | |
| 5 | Περσέως | Περσεύς | PROPN | nemsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 6 γυναῖκα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on γυναῖκα. |
| 6 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | n-fs3a | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 Γοργοφόνην | appos | high | Apposition to Γοργοφόνην. |
| 7 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | viaa--3s | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active indicative; conventional parser code may vary. |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | r | _ | 9 Ἄργους | case | high | |
| 9 | Ἄργους | Ἄργος | PROPN | neosgn | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδα | nmod | medium | Place of origin associated with παῖδα/parentage. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 12 ἔσχε | cc | high | |
| 11 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | n-masa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχε | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | viaa--3s | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 7 ἔσχεν | conj | medium | Aorist active indicative coordinated with ἔσχεν. |
| 13 | Τυνδάρεων | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | nemsan | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδα | appos | high | Apposition naming the child. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ᾧ | ὅς | PRON | prmsd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 20 ἠμφισβήτει | obl | medium | Relative pronoun, likely referring to Tyndareus. |
| 16 | περὶ | περί | ADP | r | _ | 18 βασιλείας | case | high | |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | dafsgn | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 βασιλείας | det | high | |
| 18 | βασιλείας | βασιλεία | NOUN | n-fs3g | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἠμφισβήτει | obl | high | Object of περί. |
| 19 | Ἱπποκόων | Ἱπποκόων | PROPN | nemsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 20 ἠμφισβήτει | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | ἠμφισβήτει | ἀμφισβητέω | VERB | viia--3s | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 25 ἠξίου | ccomp | high | Finite verb governed by ἠξίου. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 25 ἠξίου | cc | high | |
| 22 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | r | _ | 23 πρεσβείαν | case | high | |
| 23 | πρεσβείαν | πρεσβεία | NOUN | n-fs4a | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἠξίου | obl | high | Accusative of respect/claim according to precedence. |
| 24 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | vnp a | Aspect=Pres|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ἠξίου | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on ἠξίου. |
| 25 | ἠξίου | ἀξιόω | VERB | viia--3s | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 7 ἔσχεν | parataxis | medium | Introduces the claim that Hippocoon demanded to hold the authority. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | dafsan | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 27 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | n-fs1a | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἔχειν | obj | high | Object of ἔχειν. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | punct | high |
προσλαβὼν δὲ Ἰκάριον καὶ τοὺς στασιώτας παρὰ πολύ τε ὑπερεβάλετο δυνάμει Τυνδάρεων καὶ ἠνάγκασεν ἀποχωρῆσαι δείσαντα, ὡς μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοί φασιν, ἐς Πελλάναν, Μεσσηνίων δέ ἐστιν ἐς αὐτὸν λόγος Τυνδάρεων φεύγοντα ἐλθεῖν ὡς Ἀφαρέα ἐς τὴν Μεσσηνίαν εἶναί τε Ἀφαρέα τὸν Περιήρους ἀδελφὸν Τυνδάρεω πρὸς μητρός·
Long reported-speech coordination: Λακεδαιμόνιοι report an arrival at Pellana, while the Messenians report arrival to Aphareus in Messenia and identify Aphareus as Tyndareus's maternal half-brother.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προσλαβὼν | προσλαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAAP-NMS | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | advcl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἰκάριον | Ἰκάριος | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 προσλαβὼν | obj | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 6 στασιώτας | cc | high | |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 στασιώτας | det | high | |
| 6 | στασιώτας | στασιώτης | NOUN | N-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 προσλαβὼν | obj | high | |
| 7 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R- | _ | 8 πολύ | case | high | |
| 8 | πολύ | πολύς | ADJ | A-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative in παρὰ πολύ. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | cc | medium | Correlative/ 연결 particle with following καί. |
| 10 | ὑπερεβάλετο | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | δυνάμει | δύναμις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | obl | high | |
| 12 | Τυνδάρεων | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | obj | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 14 ἠνάγκασεν | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἠνάγκασεν | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | conj | high | |
| 15 | ἀποχωρῆσαι | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 14 ἠνάγκασεν | xcomp | high | |
| 16 | δείσαντα | δείδω | VERB | V-AAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 15 ἀποχωρῆσαι | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with understood subject of ἀποχωρῆσαι. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 δείσαντα | punct | high | |
| 18 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C- | _ | 21 φασιν | mark | high | |
| 19 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D- | _ | 21 φασιν | discourse | high | |
| 20 | Λακεδαιμόνιοί | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 φασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | parataxis | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 24 Πελλάναν | case | high | |
| 24 | Πελλάναν | Πελλάνα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 Πελλάναν | punct | high | |
| 26 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 λόγος | nmod | high | |
| 27 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 31 λόγος | cc | high | |
| 28 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 31 λόγος | cop | high | Existential/presentational construction with λόγος. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 30 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 30 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 31 λόγος | nmod | high | |
| 31 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 φασιν | conj | high | Subject of ἐστιν; content clause follows. |
| 32 | Τυνδάρεων | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἐλθεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 33 | φεύγοντα | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 34 ἐλθεῖν | advcl | high | Participial circumstance with accusative subject. |
| 34 | ἐλθεῖν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 31 λόγος | ccomp | high | |
| 35 | ὡς | ὡς | ADP | R- | _ | 36 Ἀφαρέα | case | high | Directional ὡς with personal name. |
| 36 | Ἀφαρέα | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | Destination/person approached. |
| 37 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 39 Μεσσηνίαν | case | high | |
| 38 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 Μεσσηνίαν | det | high | |
| 39 | Μεσσηνίαν | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 40 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 45 ἀδελφὸν | cop | high | Infinitival predicate in the second reported claim. |
| 41 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 45 ἀδελφὸν | cc | high | |
| 42 | Ἀφαρέα | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 ἀδελφὸν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 43 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 ἀδελφὸν | det | high | |
| 44 | Περιήρους | Περιήρης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 ἀδελφὸν | nmod | high | |
| 45 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 λόγος | conj | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι; coordinated by τε. |
| 46 | Τυνδάρεω | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 ἀδελφὸν | nmod | high | |
| 47 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 48 μητρός | case | high | |
| 48 | μητρός | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 45 ἀδελφὸν | obl | high | πρὸς μητρός means on the mother's side. |
| 49 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ὑπερεβάλετο | punct | high |
καὶ οἰκῆσαί τε αὐτὸν τῆς Μεσσηνίας φασὶν ἐν Θαλάμαις καὶ τοὺς παῖδας ἐνταῦθα οἰκοῦντι αὐτῷ γενέσθαι.
The coordinated infinitives οἰκῆσαι and γενέσθαι form an accusative-and-infinitive construction dependent on φασίν; αὐτόν is the subject of οἰκῆσαι, while τοὺς παῖδας is the subject of γενέσθαι. The participle οἰκοῦντι agrees with αὐτῷ and is temporally circumstantial.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 2 οἰκῆσαί | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἰκῆσαί | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 φασὶν | xcomp | high | |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 2 οἰκῆσαί | cc | high | Correlative enclitic coordinating the two infinitival clauses. |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-AASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 2 οἰκῆσαί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Μεσσηνίας | det | high | |
| 6 | Μεσσηνίας | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 οἰκῆσαί | obj | medium | Partitive/locative genitive with οἰκέω: 'inhabit part of Messenia'. |
| 7 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 9 Θαλάμαις | case | high | |
| 9 | Θαλάμαις | Θαλάμαι | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 οἰκῆσαί | obl | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 16 γενέσθαι | cc | high | |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 12 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | PronType=Dem | 14 οἰκοῦντι | advmod | high | |
| 14 | οἰκοῦντι | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 γενέσθαι | advcl | medium | Temporal/circumstantial participle: 'while he was dwelling here'. |
| 15 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 14 οἰκοῦντι | nsubj | high | Dative subject of the participle. |
| 16 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 φασὶν | xcomp | high | Coordinated infinitive in the reported construction. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 7 φασὶν | punct | high |