Grammar parses for passage 3.1.6
Open translation for this passage
συναρέσαι γὰρ τῇ Πυθίᾳ φασίν.
Infinitive συναρέσαι is the reported action with φασίν; τῇ Πυθίᾳ is a dative complement, probably recipient/participant, though the precise construction is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συναρέσαι | συναρέω | VERB | V-2AAN | Aspect=Aorist|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 5 φασίν | xcomp | medium | Aorist active infinitive; complement of φασίν in reported speech. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 φασίν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Πυθίᾳ | det | high | |
| 4 | Πυθίᾳ | Πυθία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 συναρέσαι | iobj | high | Dative complement of συναρέσαι; exact semantic role is somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | φασίν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασίν | punct | high |
Ἀριστοδήμῳ δὲ αὐτῷ πρότερον τὴν τελευτὴν συμβῆναι λέγουσιν ἐν Δελφοῖς πρὶν ἢ Δωριέας κατελθεῖν ἐς Πελοπόννησον.
Infinitival reported construction: λέγουσιν governs συμβῆναι, whose dative experiencer is Ἀριστοδήμῳ; the temporal πρὶν ἢ clause modifies the event, with Δωριέας as accusative subject of κατελθεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστοδήμῳ | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 συμβῆναι | iobj | medium | Dative experiencer/affected participant with συμβῆναι; proper name. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-D3MS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀριστοδήμῳ | appos | medium | Intensive pronoun, ‘to Aristodemus himself’; appositional. |
| 4 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 συμβῆναι | advmod | high | Adverbial temporal modifier. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 τελευτὴν | det | high | |
| 6 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | N----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 συμβῆναι | obj | high | Accusative object of συμβῆναι in the idiom ‘to meet death’. |
| 7 | συμβῆναι | συμβαίνω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 8 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 10 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 συμβῆναι | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 11 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 14 κατελθεῖν | mark | medium | Temporal subordinator in πρὶν ἢ construction. |
| 12 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 κατελθεῖν | cc | medium | Correlative/adverbial element completing πρὶν ἤ before infinitive. |
| 13 | Δωριέας | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 κατελθεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive κατελθεῖν. |
| 14 | κατελθεῖν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V--AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 συμβῆναι | advcl | high | Temporal infinitival clause dependent on συμβῆναι. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 16 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 κατελθεῖν | obl | high | Goal of motion governed by ἐς. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
οἱ μὲν δὴ ἀποσεμνύνοντες τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν τοξευθῆναι λέγουσιν Ἀριστόδημον ὑπὸ Ἀπόλλωνος, ὅτι οὐκ ἀφίκοιτο ἐπὶ τὸ μαντεῖον, παρὰ δὲ Ἡρακλέους ἐντυχόντος οἱ πρότερον πύθοιτο ὡς ἐς Πελοπόννησον Δωριεῦσι γενήσεται ἥδε ἡ κάθοδος·
The sentence reports a tradition: λέγουσιν governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction (Ἀριστόδημον ... τοξευθῆναι), with ὑπό marking Apollo as agent; ὅτι introduces the reason/content clause, and παρὰ Ἡρακλέους ἐντυχόντος οἱ is a compressed temporal/conditional adjunct. The final ὡς-clause is the reported prediction, with Δωριεῦσι as dative of reference/agent and ἥδε ἡ κάθοδος as subject of γενήσεται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P-R---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἀποσεμνύνοντες | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; corresponding δέ is token 22. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | D-------- | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἀποσεμνύνοντες | ἀποσεμνύνω | VERB | V-PAP-NMP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 λέγουσιν | advcl | medium | Substantival/parenthetical nominative participle, ‘those who embellish/exalt the account’. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P-A---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 τοξευθῆναι | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 τοξευθῆναι | obl | high | Reference is Aristodemus. |
| 8 | τοξευθῆναι | τοξεύω | VERB | V--ANP--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 10 Ἀριστόδημον | acl | medium | Infinitive dependent on Ἀριστόδημον in the reported accusative-and-infinitive construction; τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν is its subject-like accusative. |
| 9 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V- PIA3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite reporting verb. |
| 10 | Ἀριστόδημον | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 9 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ἀπόλλωνος | case | high | |
| 12 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 8 τοξευθῆναι | obl:agent | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | mark | high | Introduces the reason clause. |
| 15 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἀφίκοιτο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V- OAO3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 9 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect discourse/causal clause. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 μαντεῖον | case | high | |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 μαντεῖον | det | high | |
| 19 | μαντεῖον | μαντεῖον | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | obl | high | |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | punct | high | |
| 21 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | With genitive: from/by Heracles. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 πύθοιτο | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μέν. |
| 23 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 24 ἐντυχόντος | obl | high | |
| 24 | ἐντυχόντος | ἐντυγχάνω | VERB | V-SAP-GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 πύθοιτο | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with Ἡρακλέους; οἱ is dative with πύθοιτο. |
| 25 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 27 πύθοιτο | iobj | high | Dative pronoun, ‘to him’. |
| 26 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 27 πύθοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 27 | πύθοιτο | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-OAM3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | conj | medium | Optative coordinated with ἀφίκοιτο; subject is understood Aristodemus. |
| 28 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 32 γενήσεται | mark | high | Introduces the content of what he learned. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | |
| 30 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 32 γενήσεται | obl | high | |
| 31 | Δωριεῦσι | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 32 γενήσεται | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possession: ‘for the Dorians’. |
| 32 | γενήσεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-FMI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 27 πύθοιτο | ccomp | high | Future in the reported prediction. |
| 33 | ἥδε | ὅδε | DET | P-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 35 κάθοδος | det | high | |
| 34 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | P-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 35 κάθοδος | det | high | |
| 35 | κάθοδος | κάθοδος | NOUN | N-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 γενήσεται | nsubj | high | |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ἀληθέστερος ἔχει λόγος Πυλάδου τοὺς παῖδας καὶ Ἠλέκτρας, ἀνεψιοὺς ὄντας Τισαμενῷ τῷ Ὀρέστου, φονεῦσαι τὸν Ἀριστόδημον.
ὁ λόγος is the subject of ἔχει, with λόγος taking the infinitival clause φονεῦσαι; Πυλάδου and Ἠλέκτρας are genitives dependent on παῖδας. ἀνεψιοὺς ὄντας is a predicative accusative participial phrase referring to the children, with Τισαμενῷ τῷ Ὀρέστου as its dative complement; the coordinated genitive Ἠλέκτρας is syntactically elliptical/semantically understood with Πυλάδου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 λόγος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Mood=Ind | 4 ἔχει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀληθέστερος | ἀληθής | ADJ | A-----NSM-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λόγος | amod | high | Substantivized adjective modifying λόγος. |
| 4 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N--S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔχει | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | Πυλάδου | Πύλαδος | PROPN | N--S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 παῖδας | nmod | high | |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 8 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-----AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 φονεῦσαι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Ἠλέκτρας | cc | high | Coordinates genitive dependents; the coordination is elliptical. |
| 10 | Ἠλέκτρας | Ἠλέκτρα | PROPN | N--S---GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 παῖδας | nmod | medium | Genitive of affiliation/parentage; coordinated elliptically with Πυλάδου. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνεψιοὺς | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἀνεψιοὺς | ἀνεψιός | ADJ | A-----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 φονεῦσαι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative adjective with the infinitive's accusative subject/object group. |
| 13 | ὄντας | εἰμί | AUX | V-PPA-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἀνεψιοὺς | cop | high | Participial copula. |
| 14 | Τισαμενῷ | Τισαμενός | PROPN | N--S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνεψιοὺς | obl | medium | Dative complement of ἀνεψιοί, ‘cousins/kinsmen to’; spelling and exact kinship relation follow the passage. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ὀρέστου | det | high | |
| 16 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N--S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Τισαμενῷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Τισαμενῷ: Tisamenus, son of Orestes. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 φονεῦσαι | punct | high | |
| 18 | φονεῦσαι | φονεύω | VERB | V-ANM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 λόγος | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of λόγος ἔχει, with παῖδας as accusative subject/object. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Ἀριστόδημον | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἀριστόδημον | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N--S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 φονεῦσαι | obj | high | Object of φονεῦσαι. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔχει | punct | high |