Grammar parses for passage 3.1.6
Open translation for this passage
συναρέσαι γὰρ τῇ Πυθίᾳ φασίν.
Main clause is φασίν with an infinitival complement; γάρ is explanatory and Πυθίᾳ depends on the infinitive συναρέσαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συναρέσαι | συναρέσκω | VERB | AORINF | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 φασίν | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement of φασίν; form likely aorist active infinitive. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 5 φασίν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | EA--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Πυθίᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Πυθίᾳ. |
| 4 | Πυθίᾳ | Πυθία | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 συναρέσαι | obl | high | Dative complement of συναρέσαι; likely dative of respect/indirect object. |
| 5 | φασίν | φημί | VERB | PAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασίν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἀριστοδήμῳ δὲ αὐτῷ πρότερον τὴν τελευτὴν συμβῆναι λέγουσιν ἐν Δελφοῖς πρὶν ἢ Δωριέας κατελθεῖν ἐς Πελοπόννησον.
Main difficulty is the indirect statement with λέγουσιν and the temporal πρὶν ἤ + infinitive clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστοδήμῳ | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 συμβῆναι | iobj | high | Dative of person to whom the report pertains. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---dm- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 Ἀριστοδήμῳ | appos | medium | Likely emphatic/pronominal apposition to Ἀριστοδήμῳ. |
| 4 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 7 συμβῆναι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying συμβῆναι. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 6 τελευτὴν | det | high | Article with τελευτήν. |
| 6 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 συμβῆναι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive συμβῆναι. |
| 7 | συμβῆναι | συμβαίνω | VERB | aor-inf--- | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Infinitive|Voice=Active | 8 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement in indirect statement. |
| 8 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | p3p---ia- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Finite|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r--------- | _ | 10 Δελφοῖς | case | high | Preposition governing Δελφοῖς. |
| 10 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | n-p---md- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 8 λέγουσιν | obl | high | Locative adjunct. |
| 11 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | d--------- | _ | 14 κατελθεῖν | mark | high | Introduces the temporal clause. |
| 12 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | c--------- | _ | 14 κατελθεῖν | mark | medium | Correlative particle in πρὶν ἤ construction. |
| 13 | Δωριέας | Δωριεύς | PROPN | n-p---ma- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 14 κατελθεῖν | obj | high | Subject/object-like accusative with infinitive. |
| 14 | κατελθεῖν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | aor-inf--- | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Infinitive|Voice=Active | 11 πρὶν | advcl | high | Infinitival clause governed by πρίν. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r--------- | _ | 16 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Preposition governing Πελοπόννησον. |
| 16 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 14 κατελθεῖν | obl | high | Goal/destination complement of κατελθεῖν. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οἱ μὲν δὴ ἀποσεμνύνοντες τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν τοξευθῆναι λέγουσιν Ἀριστόδημον ὑπὸ Ἀπόλλωνος, ὅτι οὐκ ἀφίκοιτο ἐπὶ τὸ μαντεῖον, παρὰ δὲ Ἡρακλέους ἐντυχόντος οἱ πρότερον πύθοιτο ὡς ἐς Πελοπόννησον Δωριεῦσι γενήσεται ἥδε ἡ κάθοδος·
The sentence contains nested indirect discourse with optatives and an articular infinitive; the participial sequence around ἐντυχόντος is the most syntactically ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἀποσεμνύνοντες | nsubj | high | Article functioning substantively with participle. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 1 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 4 ἀποσεμνύνοντες | discourse | high | Enclitic particle. |
| 4 | ἀποσεμνύνοντες | ἀποσεμνύνω | VERB | vpppamn-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 λέγουσιν | nsubj | medium | Participial subject of λέγουσιν; form and syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 τοξευθῆναι | obj | high | Article substantivizing infinitive phrase. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 7 αὐτὸν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 τοξευθῆναι | obl | high | Complement of ἐς. |
| 8 | τοξευθῆναι | τοξεύω | VERB | v--ane--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 5 τὰ | acl | high | Aorist passive infinitive in articular infinitival clause. |
| 9 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | Ἀριστόδημον | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Object of λέγουσιν. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 12 Ἀπόλλωνος | case | high | Agent marker. |
| 12 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 τοξευθῆναι | obl | high | Agent of passive infinitive. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement/explanation. |
| 15 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | _ | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 16 | ἀφίκοιτο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | v3sooo--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 9 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect discourse after λέγουσιν. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 19 μαντεῖον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 μαντεῖον | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | μαντεῖον | μαντεῖον | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | obl | high | Complement of ἐπί. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 24 ἐντυχόντος | case | high | Preposition. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | PART | d-------- | _ | 24 ἐντυχόντος | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 23 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐντυχόντος | obl | high | Genitive dependent with παρά. |
| 24 | ἐντυχόντος | ἐντυγχάνω | VERB | vppsamg-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 πύθοιτο | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute or circumstantial participle; relation somewhat uncertain. |
| 25 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 πύθοιτο | iobj | medium | Likely article used pronominally with indirect object force. |
| 26 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | d-------- | _ | 27 πύθοιτο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 27 | πύθοιτο | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | v3sooo--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 16 ἀφίκοιτο | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect discourse. |
| 28 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 32 γενήσεται | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement clause. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-p--- | _ | 30 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 30 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 γενήσεται | obl | high | Goal with εἰς. |
| 31 | Δωριεῦσι | Δωριεύς | PROPN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 γενήσεται | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/recipient. |
| 32 | γενήσεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | v3sfim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 27 πύθοιτο | ccomp | high | Future middle used in indirect discourse. |
| 33 | ἥδε | ὅδε | DET | l-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 35 κάθοδος | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 34 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 35 κάθοδος | det | high | Article. |
| 35 | κάθοδος | κάθοδος | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 γενήσεται | nsubj | high | Subject of γενήσεται. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ὁ δὲ ἀληθέστερος ἔχει λόγος Πυλάδου τοὺς παῖδας καὶ Ἠλέκτρας, ἀνεψιοὺς ὄντας Τισαμενῷ τῷ Ὀρέστου, φονεῦσαι τὸν Ἀριστόδημον.
The syntax is slightly compressed: λόγος is the main nominal subject with ἔχει, and the infinitival clause φονεῦσαι... is the content of what ‘the more truthful account’ has/contains.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 λόγος | det | high | Article modifying λόγος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 4 ἔχει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἀληθέστερος | ἀληθής | ADJ | A-NSM-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λόγος | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying λόγος. |
| 4 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 λόγος | acl | medium | Likely adjectival/relative-like use with λόγος as subject or headless predicate frame. |
| 5 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause predicate nominal with ἔχει. |
| 6 | Πυλάδου | Πυλάδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 παῖδας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παῖδας. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 παῖδας | det | high | Article modifying παῖδας. |
| 8 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 φονεῦσαι | obj | high | First accusative object of φονεῦσαι. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 παῖδας | cc | high | Connects παῖδας and Ἠλέκτρας. |
| 10 | Ἠλέκτρας | Ἠλέκτρα | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 παῖδας | conj | medium | Form is formally plural gen./acc. fem.; taken here as coordinated accusative object by sense. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 παῖδας | punct | high | Comma. |
| 12 | ἀνεψιοὺς | ἀνεψιός | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ὄντας | xcomp | high | Predicative complement with participle ὄντας. |
| 13 | ὄντας | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 φονεῦσαι | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying the infinitive phrase. |
| 14 | Τισαμενῷ | Τισαμενός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὄντας | obl | high | Dative with εἰμί/ὄντας construction. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ὀρέστου | det | high | Article modifying Ὀρέστου. |
| 16 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Τισαμενῷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Τισαμενῷ, appositional/relational. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 φονεῦσαι | punct | high | Comma. |
| 18 | φονεῦσαι | φονεύω | VERB | V-AAI | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 ἔχει | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἔχει. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Ἀριστόδημον | det | high | Article modifying Ἀριστόδημον. |
| 20 | Ἀριστόδημον | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 φονεῦσαι | obj | high | Object of φονεῦσαι. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 λόγος | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |