Grammar parses for passage 3.1.7
Open translation for this passage
ὀνόματα μὲν δὴ τοῖς παισὶν αὐτοῦ Προκλῆς καὶ Εὐρυσθένης ἐτέθη, δίδυμοι δὲ ὄντες διάφοροι τὰ μάλιστα ἦσαν.
The first clause is passive (“names were given to his children”); the second coordinates a finite clause with an omitted subject, referring to the children.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | ------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐτέθη | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of ἐτέθη. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 1 ὀνόματα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | -------- | _ | 10 ἐτέθη | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | -------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 παισὶν | det | high | |
| 5 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | ------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐτέθη | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary with ἐτέθη. |
| 6 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | -------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 5 παισὶν | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive modifying παισίν. |
| 7 | Προκλῆς | Προκλῆς | PROPN | -------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐτέθη | nsubj:pass | medium | Personal name, coordinated with Εὐρυσθένης; appositional naming of the children. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 9 Εὐρυσθένης | cc | high | |
| 9 | Εὐρυσθένης | Εὐρυσθένης | PROPN | -------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Προκλῆς | conj | high | Second coordinated name. |
| 10 | ἐτέθη | τίθημι | VERB | V---API-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive: names were given/assigned. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐτέθη | punct | high | |
| 12 | δίδυμοι | δίδυμος | ADJ | ------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Predicative subject complement for the understood children. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 18 ἦσαν | cc | high | Adversative/continuative coordinator. |
| 14 | ὄντες | εἰμί | AUX | V-PPAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 διάφοροι | cop | high | Participial copula in the adjectival clause. |
| 15 | διάφοροι | διάφορος | ADJ | ------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective: different. |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | -------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 μάλιστα | det | high | Article substantivizing/marking the superlative phrase. |
| 17 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | -------- | Degree=Sup | 15 διάφοροι | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying διάφοροι. |
| 18 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 ἐτέθη | parataxis | high | Finite verb of the second coordinated clause. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἦσαν | punct | high |
προεληλυθότες δὲ ἐπὶ μέγα ἀπεχθείας ὅμως ἐν κοινῷ Θήρᾳ τῷ Αὐτεσίωνος, ἀδελφῷ τῆς μητρὸς σφῶν ὄντι Ἀργείας, ἐπιτροπεύσαντι δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν, συνήραντο ἐς ἀποικίαν.
The participial apposition centered on ἀδελφῷ identifies Theras and adds his guardianship; προεληλυθότες is a circumstantial participle modifying the plural subject of συνήραντο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προεληλυθότες | προέρχομαι | VERB | V--PAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 25 συνήραντο | advcl | high | Perfect active participle, circumstantial to the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 25 συνήραντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | -------- | _ | 5 ἀπεχθείας | case | high | |
| 4 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A--NA-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπεχθείας | amod | medium | Neuter accusative used substantivally/adverbially with ἐπὶ. |
| 5 | ἀπεχθείας | ἀπέχθεια | NOUN | N--GA-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 προεληλυθότες | obl | high | Genitive of extent/state with προεληλυθότες. |
| 6 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 25 συνήραντο | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | -------- | _ | 8 κοινῷ | case | high | |
| 8 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A--ND-S-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 συνήραντο | obl | medium | Substantival dative, ‘in common/together’. |
| 9 | Θήρᾳ | Θήρα | PROPN | Ne--D-S-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 συνήραντο | obl | medium | Dative place/name, likely coordinated semantically with κοινῷ. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L--DS-S-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Αὐτεσίωνος | det | high | |
| 11 | Αὐτεσίωνος | Αὐτεσίων | PROPN | Ne--G-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Θήρᾳ | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on Θήρᾳ via the marked noun phrase. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 συνήραντο | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀδελφῷ | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N--DD-S-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Θήρᾳ | appos | high | Apposition to Θήρᾳ. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GS-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 μητρὸς | det | high | |
| 15 | μητρὸς | μήτηρ | NOUN | N--GF-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀδελφῷ | nmod | high | |
| 16 | σφῶν | σφέτερος | PRON | A--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 μητρὸς | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive pronoun. |
| 17 | ὄντι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἀδελφῷ | acl | high | Supplementary participle agreeing with ἀδελφῷ. |
| 18 | Ἀργείας | Ἀργεία | PROPN | Ne--G-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὄντι | xcomp | medium | Predicative genitive with ὄντι, indicating maternal affiliation. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 συνήραντο | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἐπιτροπεύσαντι | ἐπιτροπεύω | VERB | V--AAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ἀδελφῷ | acl | high | Aorist participle agreeing with ἀδελφῷ. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 20 ἐπιτροπεύσαντι | cc | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 20 ἐπιτροπεύσαντι | cc | high | Coordinates the participial predicates ὄντι and ἐπιτροπεύσαντι. |
| 23 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπιτροπεύσαντι | obj | high | Object of ἐπιτροπεύσαντι. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 συνήραντο | punct | high | |
| 25 | συνήραντο | συναίρομαι | VERB | V3IIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | -------- | _ | 27 ἀποικίαν | case | high | |
| 27 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N--AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 συνήραντο | obl | high | Goal complement of συνήραντο. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 συνήραντο | punct | high |
τὴν δὲ ἀποικίαν ὁ Θήρας ἔστελλεν ἐς τὴν νῆσον τὴν τότε ὀνομαζομένην Καλλίστην, τοὺς ἀπογόνους οἱ τοῦ Μεμβλιάρου παραχωρήσεσθαι τῆς βασιλείας ἐλπίζων ἑκόντας, ὅπερ οὖν καὶ ἐποίησαν
The accusative-infinitive παραχωρήσεσθαι is dependent on ἐλπίζων; ὅπερ introduces a resumptive relative clause coordinated by καί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀποικίαν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἔστελλεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N--AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔστελλεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Θήρας | det | high | |
| 5 | Θήρας | Θήρας | PROPN | N--NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔστελλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἔστελλεν | στέλλω | VERB | V--IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 νῆσον | case | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 9 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | N--AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔστελλεν | obl | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὀνομαζομένην | det | high | |
| 11 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 ὀνομαζομένην | advmod | high | |
| 12 | ὀνομαζομένην | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V--PPF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 9 νῆσον | acl | high | |
| 13 | Καλλίστην | Καλλίστη | PROPN | N--AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὀνομαζομένην | xcomp | medium | Predicate name with passive naming participle. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔστελλεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀπογόνους | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀπογόνους | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 παραχωρήσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Μεμβλιάρου | det | high | |
| 18 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Μεμβλιάρου | det | high | |
| 19 | Μεμβλιάρου | Μεμβλίαρος | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπογόνους | nmod | high | Substantivized article with proper-name genitive: οἱ τοῦ Μεμβλιάρου. |
| 20 | παραχωρήσεσθαι | παραχωρέω | VERB | V--FMI- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 23 ἐλπίζων | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἐλπίζων. |
| 21 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 βασιλείας | det | high | |
| 22 | βασιλείας | βασιλεία | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 παραχωρήσεσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of παραχωρέω. |
| 23 | ἐλπίζων | ἐλπίζω | VERB | V--PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἔστελλεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with Θήρας as subject. |
| 24 | ἑκόντας | ἑκών | ADJ | A--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀπογόνους | advmod | medium | Predicative accusative agreeing with the infinitival subject; semantically ‘willingly’. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔστελλεν | punct | high | |
| 26 | ὅπερ | ὅσπερ | PRON | R---NNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἐποίησαν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to the preceding action. |
| 27 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | D-------- | _ | 29 ἐποίησαν | discourse | medium | Inferential particle. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 ἐποίησαν | cc | high | |
| 29 | ἐποίησαν | ποιέω | VERB | V--AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 6 ἔστελλεν | parataxis | high | Relative clause with omitted/understood plural subject referring to the descendants. |