Grammar parses for passage 3.1.8
Open translation for this passage
λαβόντες λογισμὸν ὅτι Θήρᾳ μὲν ἐς αὐτὸν ἀνῄει Κάδμον τὸ γένος, οἱ δὲ ἦσαν ἀπόγονοι Μεμβλιάρου· Μεμβλίαρον δὲ ἄνδρα ὄντα τοῦ δήμου Κάδμος ἐν τῇ νήσῳ κατέλιπεν ἡγεμόνα εἶναι τῶν ἐποίκων.
The syntax is paratactic and somewhat compressed: the first participial clause introduces reported reasoning, and the second clause uses an infinitival complement with ἡγεμόνα εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λαβόντες | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 29 κατέλιπεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | λογισμὸν | λογισμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 λαβόντες | obj | high | Object of λαβόντες. |
| 3 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἀνῄει | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 4 | Θήρᾳ | Θήρα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνῄει | obl | high | Dative with ἀνῄει, likely source/association. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 4 Θήρᾳ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 7 αὐτὸν | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτόν. |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 ἀνῄει | obl | high | Object of preposition ἐς. |
| 8 | ἀνῄει | ἀνέρχομαι | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 29 κατέλιπεν | ccomp | high | Main verb of first quoted clause; form is imperfect of ἀνέρχομαι/ἀναβαίνω-type usage. |
| 9 | Κάδμον | Κάδμος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 γένος | det | medium | Likely part of appositional/genitive phrase τὸ γένος Κάδμον; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 γένος | nsubj | high | Article with γένος. |
| 11 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνῄει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνῄει. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνῄει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 16 ἀπόγονοι | det | high | Article substantivized with ἀπόγονοι. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 13 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 15 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 16 ἀπόγονοι | cop | high | Copula with predicate noun ἀπόγονοι. |
| 16 | ἀπόγονοι | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 29 κατέλιπεν | ccomp | medium | Predicate noun in second clause, syntactically dependent on κατέλιπεν as content clause/attributive clause. |
| 17 | Μεμβλιάρου | Μεμβλίαρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπόγονοι | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπόγονοι. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 κατέλιπεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | Μεμβλίαρον | Μεμβλίαρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 κατέλιπεν | obj | high | Direct object of κατέλιπεν. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 19 Μεμβλίαρον | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 21 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Μεμβλίαρον | appos | high | Apposition to Μεμβλίαρον. |
| 22 | ὄντα | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 21 ἄνδρα | acl | high | Participial clause modifying ἄνδρα. |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 δήμου | det | high | Article with δήμου. |
| 24 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ὄντα | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὄντα. |
| 25 | Κάδμος | Κάδμος | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 κατέλιπεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέλιπεν. |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 28 νήσῳ | case | high | Preposition governing νήσῳ. |
| 27 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 νήσῳ | det | high | Article with νήσῳ. |
| 28 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 κατέλιπεν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 29 | κατέλιπεν | καταλείπω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 30 | ἡγεμόνα | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 εἶναι | obj | high | Predicate complement in infinitival construction. |
| 31 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI | Tense=Present|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 29 κατέλιπεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive after κατέλιπεν. |
| 32 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 33 ἐποίκων | det | high | Article with ἐποίκων. |
| 33 | ἐποίκων | ἔποικος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 30 ἡγεμόνα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἡγεμόνα, 'leader of the settlers'. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 κατέλιπεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ Θήρας μὲν τῇ τε νήσῳ μετέβαλεν ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ τὸ ὄνομα καί οἱ καὶ νῦν ἔτι οἱ Θηραῖοι κατὰ ἔτος ἐναγίζουσιν ὡς οἰκιστῇ·
Two coordinated clauses with ellipsis-like particle use; the second clause has a focused subject phrase with temporal adverbs and a ὡς-comparative dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 μετέβαλεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | Θήρας | Θήρα | PROPN | N--s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μετέβαλεν | obj | medium | Likely accusative object, though form could be genitive in other contexts. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 Θήρας | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 νήσῳ | det | high | Article modifying νήσῳ. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 4 τῇ | cc | medium | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 6 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | N--s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μετέβαλεν | obl | high | Dative of respect/association with μετέβαλεν. |
| 7 | μετέβαλεν | μεταβάλλω | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 8 | ἀφʼ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 10 τὸ | case | high | Introduces source/privation phrase. |
| 9 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | Pk-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 11 ὄνομα | nmod | medium | Reflexive genitive; depends on ὄνομα. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ὄνομα | det | high | Article modifying ὄνομα. |
| 11 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N--s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 μετέβαλεν | obj | high | Object of μετέβαλεν. |
| 12 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Θηραῖοι | det | high | Article with Θηραῖοι. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἔτι | cc | high | Connective particle in fixed adverbial expression. |
| 15 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | Db | _ | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 16 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | Db | _ | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Θηραῖοι | det | high | Second article; likely appositional/focus. |
| 18 | Θηραῖοι | Θηραῖος | PROPN | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐναγίζουσιν. |
| 19 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 20 ἔτος | case | high | Preposition. |
| 20 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N--s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | obl | high | Time expression with κατά. |
| 21 | ἐναγίζουσιν | ἐναγίζω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 22 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 23 οἰκιστῇ | mark | high | Introduces comparative/predicative phrase. |
| 23 | οἰκιστῇ | οἰκιστής | NOUN | N--s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | obl | high | Dative complement after ὡς. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐναγίζουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Προκλεῖ δὲ καὶ Εὐρυσθένει μέχρι μὲν τῆς προθυμίας τῆς ἐς τὸν Θήραν ἐς τὸ αὐτὸ συνῆλθον αἱ γνῶμαι, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ διειστήκει σφίσιν ἐπὶ παντὶ τὰ βουλεύματα.
The sentence has a marked correlative structure: μέχρι μὲν ... τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ ..., with neuter plural subjects taking a singular/plural-like collective verbal agreement in the second clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Προκλεῖ | Προκλής | PROPN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 συνῆλθον | obl | high | Dative personal name governed by the sentence predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 συνῆλθον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Εὐρυσθένει | cc | high | Connects the two dative names. |
| 4 | Εὐρυσθένει | Εὐρυσθένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 Προκλεῖ | conj | high | Second coordinated dative name. |
| 5 | μέχρι | μέχρι | ADP | _ | _ | 8 προθυμίας | case | high | Introduces the extent phrase. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 5 μέχρι | advmod | medium | Correlative particle with μέχρι. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 προθυμίας | det | high | Article modifying προθυμίας. |
| 8 | προθυμίας | προθυμία | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 16 συνῆλθον | obl | high | Genitive complement of μέχρι. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 προθυμίας | det | high | Article of the relative phrase. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 12 Θήραν | case | high | Preposition with Θήραν. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 12 Θήραν | det | high | Article modifying Θήραν. |
| 12 | Θήραν | Θήρα | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 προθυμίας | nmod | medium | Likely place/name in apposition or with ἐς; case is accusative as written. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 15 αὐτὸ | case | high | Preposition with τὸ αὐτό. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 15 αὐτὸ | det | high | Article of the adverbial phrase. |
| 15 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 16 συνῆλθον | advmod | medium | Adverbial use in ἐς τὸ αὐτό 'to the same point/together'. |
| 16 | συνῆλθον | συνέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 17 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 18 γνῶμαι | det | high | Article modifying γνῶμαι. |
| 18 | γνῶμαι | γνώμη | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 16 συνῆλθον | nsubj | high | Subject of συνῆλθον. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 συνῆλθον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 22 λοιπὰ | det | high | Article modifying λοιπά. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 23 διειστήκει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 22 | λοιπὰ | λοιπός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 23 διειστήκει | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural substantive meaning 'the rest'. |
| 23 | διειστήκει | διαίστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form likely pluperfect 3sg active; syntax with neuter plural subject may be collective. |
| 24 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 23 διειστήκει | obl | high | Dative of reference/advantage. |
| 25 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 26 παντὶ | case | high | Preposition with παντί. |
| 26 | παντὶ | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 23 διειστήκει | obl | medium | Likely adverbial dative with ἐπί, 'in every respect'. |
| 27 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 28 βουλεύματα | det | high | Article modifying βουλεύματα. |
| 28 | βουλεύματα | βούλευμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 23 διειστήκει | nsubj | medium | Second neuter plural subject; agrees semantically with συλλογικό singular verb. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 συνῆλθον | punct | high | Punctuation. |