Grammar parses for passage 3.10.1
Open translation for this passage
οὐ πολλῷ δὲ ὕστερον τὸν ἀγῶνα ἔθηκαν τῶν Ἰσθμίων οἱ ἐπὶ λακωνισμῷ φεύγοντες Κορίνθιοι.
The finite verb ἔθηκαν has subject οἱ ... Κορίνθιοι and object τὸν ἀγῶνα; τῶν Ἰσθμίων is a genitive modifier of ἀγῶνα. The participial phrase οἱ ἐπὶ λακωνισμῷ φεύγοντες identifies the Corinthians, with ἐπί governing the dative λακωνισμῷ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D neg | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἔθηκαν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADJ | A-NSD | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὕστερον | advmod | high | Dative adverbial expression with ὕστερον. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἔθηκαν | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθηκαν | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘not long afterward’. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 6 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθηκαν | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἔθηκαν | τίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative, third plural. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 Ἰσθμίων | case | high | |
| 9 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἴσθμια | PROPN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀγῶνα | nmod | high | Genitive plural name of the Isthmian games. |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 φεύγοντες | det | high | Substantivizing article with the participle. |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 12 λακωνισμῷ | case | high | Takes the dative here. |
| 12 | λακωνισμῷ | λακωνισμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φεύγοντες | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί. |
| 13 | φεύγοντες | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 Κορίνθιοι | acl | high | Substantival participle, ‘those fleeing/being exiled for Laconian sympathies’. |
| 14 | Κορίνθιοι | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἔθηκαν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔθηκαν | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ἐν τῇ πόλει τότε μὲν τῷ Ἀγησιλάου δείματι ἡσύχαζον·
The subject οἱ is substantivized and ἡσύχαζον is imperfect plural. τῷ Ἀγησιλάου δείματι is a dative of cause/instrument (‘from fear of Agesilaus’); τότε μὲν is a temporal correlative setting up contrast, though no δέ-clause follows within this sentence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἡσύχαζον | nsubj | high | Substantivized masculine nominative article, ‘the men/people’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 11 ἡσύχαζον | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 5 πόλει | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πόλει | det | high | |
| 5 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἡσύχαζον | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐν. |
| 6 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D--------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἡσύχαζον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 6 τότε | advmod | high | Correlative particle associated with τότε; contrastive counterpart is not present in this sentence. |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S---DMS- | _ | 10 δείματι | case | high | Article introducing the dative phrase. |
| 9 | Ἀγησιλάου | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | Ne-----GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 δείματι | nmod | high | Genitive proper name dependent on δείματι. |
| 10 | δείματι | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-----DNS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἡσύχαζον | obl | high | Dative of cause or means: ‘from/because of fear’. |
| 11 | ἡσύχαζον | ἡσυχάζω | VERB | V3PIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἡσύχαζον | punct | high |
ἀναζεύξαντος δὲ ἐς τὴν Σπάρτην, οὕτω καὶ αὐτοὶ μετὰ Ἀργείων τὰ Ἴσθμια ἄγουσιν.
Genitive absolute ἀναζεύξαντος δὲ is temporally subordinate (‘when he had departed’); αὐτοὶ is the subject of ἄγουσιν, with τὰ Ἴσθμια as its object and μετὰ Ἀργείων as a comitative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναζεύξαντος | ἀναζεύγνυμι | VERB | V--GSM-A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἄγουσιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; implicit masculine singular subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _=_ | 1 ἀναζεύξαντος | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | R-------- | _=_ | 5 Σπάρτην | case | high | Variant preposition governing accusative. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-SFA--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Σπάρτην | det | high | |
| 5 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-SFA--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀναζεύξαντος | obl | high | Destination of departure; accusative governed by ἐς. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀναζεύξαντος | punct | high | |
| 7 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _=_ | 14 ἄγουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D-------- | _=_ | 9 αὐτοὶ | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘also/even’. |
| 9 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P---NM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἄγουσιν | nsubj | high | Intensifying pronoun, ‘they themselves’. |
| 10 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _=_ | 11 Ἀργείων | case | high | Comitative preposition governing genitive. |
| 11 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-PGM--A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἄγουσιν | obl | high | Comitative plural; dependent on ἄγουσιν. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-PNA--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 Ἴσθμια | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἴσθμια | Ἴσθμια | PROPN | N-PNA--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | Neuter plural substantive, ‘Isthmian games’. |
| 14 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Here ‘celebrate/hold’ the Isthmian games. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἄγουσιν | punct | high |
ἀφίκετο δὲ καὶ αὖθις ἐπὶ Κόρινθον στρατιᾷ· καὶ---ἐπῄει γὰρ Ὑακίνθια---ἀφίησι τοὺς Ἀμυκλαιεῖς οἴκαδε ἀπελθόντας τὰ καθεστηκότα τῷ τε Ἀπόλλωνι καὶ Ὑακίνθῳ δρᾶσαι.
Two coordinated clauses: ἀφίκετο governs στρατιᾷ and ἐπὶ Κόρινθον; ἀφίησι governs τοὺς Ἀμυκλαιεῖς, with ἀπελθόντας agreeing with them and δρᾶσαι as an infinitival complement. The dash tokens are punctuation-like editorial separators; ἐπῄει is an imperfect parenthetical verb with Ὑακίνθια as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3S-AI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 4 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Κόρινθον | case | high | |
| 6 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | N-A--AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | |
| 7 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | N-A--DS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Dative of accompaniment or manner. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἀφίησι | cc | high | |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | punct | medium | Editorial dash. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | punct | medium | Editorial dash. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | punct | medium | Editorial dash. |
| 13 | ἐπῄει | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-3S-II- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 19 ἀφίησι | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical imperfect; exact lexical parsing is somewhat uncertain. |
| 14 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | mark | high | |
| 15 | Ὑακίνθια | Ὑακίνθια | PROPN | N-A--NNP | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπῄει | nsubj | high | Festival name, neuter plural. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | punct | medium | Editorial dash. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | punct | medium | Editorial dash. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | punct | medium | Editorial dash. |
| 19 | ἀφίησι | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-3S-PI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | |
| 20 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Ἀμυκλαιεῖς | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἀμυκλαιεῖς | Ἀμυκλαιεύς | PROPN | NPM-AP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀφίησι | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 22 | οἴκαδε | οἴκαδε | ADV | ADV | _ | 23 ἀπελθόντας | advmod | high | |
| 23 | ἀπελθόντας | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAP-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἀφίησι | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Ἀμυκλαιεῖς. |
| 24 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 καθεστηκότα | det | high | |
| 25 | καθεστηκότα | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAP-APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 δρᾶσαι | obj | high | Substantivized perfect participle, ‘established customary things/rites’. |
| 26 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 Ἀπόλλωνι | det | high | |
| 27 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 Ἀπόλλωνι | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 28 | Ἀπόλλωνι | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 δρᾶσαι | obl | high | |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 Ὑακίνθῳ | cc | high | Second member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 30 | Ὑακίνθῳ | Ὑάκινθος | PROPN | N-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 δρᾶσαι | obl | high | |
| 31 | δρᾶσαι | δράω | VERB | V-AAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 ἀφίησι | xcomp | high | |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀφίησι | punct | high |
ταύτην τὴν μοῖραν ἐπιθέμενοι καθʼ ὁδὸν Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Ἰφικράτης διέφθειραν·
The participle ἐπιθέμενοι is a middle aorist circumstantial participle agreeing with the coordinated subject Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Ἰφικράτης; καθʼ ὁδόν is an adverbial prepositional phrase, and ταύτην τὴν μοῖραν is the object of διέφθειραν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | ἡδεῖα-αὕτη | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 μοῖραν | det | high | |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RAFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 μοῖραν | det | high | |
| 3 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 διέφθειραν | obj | high | |
| 4 | ἐπιθέμενοι | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | VPAMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 διέφθειραν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle; subject is the coordinated nominative Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Ἰφικράτης. |
| 5 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 6 ὁδὸν | case | high | Elided form of κατά before ὁδόν. |
| 6 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπιθέμενοι | obl | high | Adverbial accusative with κατά. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 διέφθειραν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 9 Ἰφικράτης | cc | high | |
| 9 | Ἰφικράτης | Ἰφικράτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀθηναῖοι | conj | high | Proper name; singular agreement is overridden by coordination with plural Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 10 | διέφθειραν | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 διέφθειραν | punct | high |