Grammar parses for passage 3.10.2
Open translation for this passage
Ἀγησίλαος δὲ καὶ ἐς Αἰτωλίαν ἐπικουρήσων ἀφίκετο Αἰτωλοῖς ὑπὸ Ἀκαρνάνων πολέμῳ πιεζομένοις, καὶ Ἀκαρνᾶνας ἠνάγκασε καταλύσασθαι τὸν πόλεμον οὐ πολὺ ἀποδέοντας Καλυδῶνα καὶ τὰ ἄλλα Αἰτωλῶν πολίσματα ᾑρηκέναι.
The final infinitive phrase is governed by ἠνάγκασε: the AcI has Ἀκαρνᾶνας as accusative subject, ᾑρηκέναι as perfect active infinitive, and Καλυδῶνα καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ... πολίσματα as its coordinated objects; ἀποδέοντας is a concessive/temporal participle agreeing with Ἀκαρνᾶνας, with οὐ πολὺ modifying the distance implied by ἀποδέω.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀγησίλαος | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 7 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 6 ἐπικουρήσων | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί meaning 'also'. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 Αἰτωλίαν | case | high | |
| 5 | Αἰτωλίαν | Αἰτωλία | PROPN | Ne-SfA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐπικουρήσων | ἐπικουρέω | VERB | V--FSA-N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Future participle of purpose. |
| 7 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--AMI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | Αἰτωλοῖς | Αἰτωλός | PROPN | Ne-pd--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πιεζομένοις | obl | high | Dative of the persons assisted. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Ἀκαρνάνων | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἀκαρνάνων | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | Ne-pg--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πιεζομένοις | obl:agent | high | |
| 11 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--SMD-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 πιεζομένοις | obl | medium | Instrumental/circumstantial dative. |
| 12 | πιεζομένοις | πιέζω | VERB | V--PMPMD-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Agrees with Αἰτωλοῖς. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 16 ἠνάγκασε | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀκαρνᾶνας | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | Ne-pm--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἠνάγκασε | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival AcI. |
| 16 | ἠνάγκασε | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V--AAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | |
| 17 | καταλύσασθαι | καταλύω | VERB | V--AMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 16 ἠνάγκασε | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P--SAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 19 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--SMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καταλύσασθαι | obj | high | |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 22 ἀποδέοντας | advmod | high | |
| 21 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 ἀποδέοντας | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, modifying the implied distance. |
| 22 | ἀποδέοντας | ἀποδέω | VERB | V--PAPMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἠνάγκασε | advcl | medium | Agrees with Ἀκαρνᾶνας; elliptical distance complement. |
| 23 | Καλυδῶνα | Καλυδών | PROPN | Ne-sfA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ᾑρηκέναι | obj | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 28 πολίσματα | cc | high | |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P--PNA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 πολίσματα | det | high | |
| 26 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--PNA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 πολίσματα | amod | high | |
| 27 | Αἰτωλῶν | Αἰτωλός | PROPN | Ne-pg--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 πολίσματα | nmod | high | |
| 28 | πολίσματα | πολίσμα | NOUN | N--PNA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 Καλυδῶνα | conj | high | Coordinated with Καλυδῶνα as object of ᾑρηκέναι. |
| 29 | ᾑρηκέναι | αἱρέω | VERB | V--XAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 καταλύσασθαι | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated semantically with καταλύσασθαι under ἠνάγκασε. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἔπλευσε καὶ ἐς Αἴγυπτον, ἀφεστηκότων ἀπὸ βασιλέως τῶν Αἰγυπτίων βοηθήσων·
The finite verb ἔπλευσε has an omitted third-person singular subject (contextually the named person); ἀφεστηκότων ... τῶν Αἰγυπτίων is a genitive absolute, while βοηθήσων is a future participle of purpose, likewise referring to the omitted subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔπλευσε | obl:tmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 ἔπλευσε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | d-------- | _ | 4 ἔπλευσε | advmod | high | Adverbial neuter accusative form. |
| 4 | ἔπλευσε | πλέω | VERB | v3saaia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 ἔπλευσε | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 Αἴγυπτον | case | high | |
| 7 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἔπλευσε | obl | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔπλευσε | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἀφεστηκότων | ἀφίστημι | VERB | v-prp天g--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἔπλευσε | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with τῶν Αἰγυπτίων; exact corpus xpos is uncertain. |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 11 βασιλέως | case | high | |
| 11 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀφεστηκότων | obl | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Αἰγυπτίων | det | high | |
| 13 | Αἰγυπτίων | Αἰγύπτιος | PROPN | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀφεστηκότων | nsubj | high | Substantivized ethnonym in the genitive absolute. |
| 14 | βοηθήσων | βοηθέω | VERB | v-sfpamn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἔπλευσε | advcl:purp | medium | Future participle of purpose; nominative masculine singular, with omitted subject coreferential with ἔπλευσε. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔπλευσε | punct | high |
καὶ ἔστιν Ἀγησιλάῳ πολλά τε εἰργασμένα καὶ μνήμης ἄξια ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ.
The neuter plural πολλά and ἄξια coordinate with εἰργασμένα; Ἀγησιλάῳ is a dative of possession/association, while ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ is a locative adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational use. |
| 3 | Ἀγησιλάῳ | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἰργασμένα | obl | medium | Dative of possession/association with the perfect participial predicate. |
| 4 | πολλά | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 εἰργασμένα | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject with εἰργασμένα. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 πολλά | cc | high | |
| 6 | εἰργασμένα | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 2 ἔστιν | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive participle, with existential εἔστιν understood as 'there are things accomplished'; morphology may be represented as mediopassive. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἄξια | cc | high | |
| 8 | μνήμης | μνήμη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄξια | obl | high | Genitive of value with ἄξια. |
| 9 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 εἰργασμένα | conj | high | Coordinated predicate adjective/participial predicate. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Αἰγύπτῳ | case | high | |
| 11 | Αἰγύπτῳ | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 εἰργασμένα | obl | high | Locative adjunct: 'in Egypt'. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἔστιν | punct | high |
καὶ---ἦν γὰρ δὴ ἤδη γέρων---τὸν μὲν κατὰ τὴν πορείαν ἐπέλαβεν ἡ μοῖρα·
The parenthetical γὰρ δὴ ἤδη γέρων has ἦν as its copular verb with γέρων as predicate nominative; the main clause has τὸν as a resumptive accusative object of ἐπέλαβεν, with κατὰ τὴν πορείαν indicating the circumstance/path.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἐπέλαβεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V- Impf Act Ind 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 18 ἐπέλαβεν | parataxis | high | Copular verb of the parenthetical clause. |
| 6 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 5 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 7 | δὴ | δή | PART | ADV | _ | 5 ἦν | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | γέρων | γέρων | NOUN | N-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with εἰμί. |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc-Sg-Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπέλαβεν | obj | high | Substantivized/resumptive article functioning as masculine accusative object. |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | CONJ | _ | 13 τὸν | discourse | high | μέν anticipates an opposing or balancing construction. |
| 15 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 πορείαν | case | high | |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc-Sg-Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πορείαν | det | high | |
| 17 | πορείαν | πορεία | NOUN | N-Acc-Sg-Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπέλαβεν | obl | high | Prepositional adverbial phrase. |
| 18 | ἐπέλαβεν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-Aor Act Ind 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-Nom-Sg-Fem | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 μοῖρα | det | high | |
| 20 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-Nom-Sg-Fem | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπέλαβεν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπέλαβεν | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δέ, ὡς ἐκομίσθη σφίσιν ὁ νεκρός, θάπτουσιν αὐτὸν βασιλέων τιμήσαντες μάλιστα.
ὡς introduces a temporal subordinate clause; σφίσιν is the dative plural pronoun with the passive verb, and βασιλέων is a genitive of comparison/standard with μάλιστα understood in the honorific action.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N----MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 θάπτουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 10 θάπτουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκομίσθη | punct | high | |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἐκομίσθη | mark | high | Temporal conjunction. |
| 5 | ἐκομίσθη | κομίζω | VERB | V3SAPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 10 θάπτουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 6 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-------- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 5 ἐκομίσθη | iobj | medium | Dative recipient/possessor with κομίζω in the passive construction. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 νεκρός | det | high | |
| 8 | νεκρός | νεκρός | NOUN | N----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκομίσθη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θάπτουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | θάπτουσιν | θάπτω | VERB | V3PΑPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-SAMA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 10 θάπτουσιν | obj | high | |
| 12 | βασιλέων | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N----GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 μάλιστα | obl | medium | Genitive of comparison/standard with μάλιστα; exact attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 13 | τιμήσαντες | τιμάω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 θάπτουσιν | advcl | high | Conjunct participle, subject controlled by Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 14 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 13 τιμήσαντες | advmod | medium | Superlative adverb modifying τιμήσαντες; βασιλέων supplies the comparison set. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θάπτουσιν | punct | high |