Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 3.10.5

← 3.10.4 3.10.6 →

Passage 3.10.5

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

72Greek tokens

2,440input tokens

5,395output tokens

Sentence 2

3.10.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 22
Input: 788
Output: 1,633
Total: 2,421

καὶ ἀπέθανέ τε αὐτόθι ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων καὶ αὐτοῦ τὸν νεκρὸν ἁμαρτεῖν τάφου τὸ μήνιμα ἐγένετο ἐμποδὼν τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος.

The transmitted sentence is syntactically difficult: ἁμαρτεῖν is an articular infinitive governed by ἐγένετο, with τὸ μήνιμα as subject; τάφου is likely a genitive of separation/object with ἁμαρτεῖν, while αὐτοῦ is probably an adverbial/local genitive meaning 'there'.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	2 ἀπέθανέ	cc	high
2	ἀπέθανέ	ἀποθνῄσκω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
3	τε	τε	PART	PART	_	2 ἀπέθανέ	cc	high	Postpositive coordinating particle.
4	αὐτόθι	αὐτόθι	ADV	ADV	_	2 ἀπέθανέ	advmod	high
5	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	PREP	_	7 βαρβάρων	case	high
6	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 βαρβάρων	det	high
7	βαρβάρων	βάρβαρος	NOUN	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	2 ἀπέθανέ	obl:agent	high
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 ἐγένετο	cc	medium	Coordinates the second predication with the death clause.
9	αὐτοῦ	αὐτός	PRON	P-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	12 ἁμαρτεῖν	obl	low	Possibly adverbial/local genitive ('there' or 'of him'); exact function uncertain.
10	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 νεκρὸν	det	high
11	νεκρὸν	νεκρός	NOUN	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἁμαρτεῖν	obj	medium	Accusative subject/object of the infinitive is difficult in the transmitted wording.
12	ἁμαρτεῖν	ἁμαρτάνω	VERB	V-AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	16 ἐγένετο	xcomp	medium	Articular infinitival clause; likely governed by the impersonal construction with ἐγένετο.
13	τάφου	τάφος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἁμαρτεῖν	obl	low	Likely genitive complement of ἁμαρτεῖν ('miss/fail of a tomb'), but the construction is textually/syntactically uncertain.
14	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 μήνιμα	det	high
15	μήνιμα	μήνιμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 ἐγένετο	nsubj	medium	Neuter nominative subject of ἐγένετο; semantic sense is 'wrath/resentment' or 'object of wrath'.
16	ἐγένετο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-AMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	2 ἀπέθανέ	conj	medium	Second coordinated finite predication; takes the infinitival clause as complement.
17	ἐμποδὼν	ἐμποδών	ADV	ADV	_	16 ἐγένετο	advmod	high	Predicative/adverbial complement: 'as an impediment'.
18	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 Ἀπόλλωνος	det	high
19	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	21 Ἀπόλλωνος	case	high
20	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 Ἀπόλλωνος	det	high
21	Ἀπόλλωνος	Ἀπόλλων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 ἐγένετο	obl	high	ἐκ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος: source/origin complement, 'from Apollo'.
22	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	2 ἀπέθανέ	punct	high

Sentence 3

3.10.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 26
Input: 867
Output: 1,953
Total: 2,820

τοῦ δὲ Ἀρχιδάμου τούτου τὸν μὲν πρεσβύτερον παῖδα Ἆγιν κατέλαβεν ἀποθανεῖν Μακεδόσιν ἐναντία καὶ Ἀντιπάτρῳ μαχεσάμενον, Εὐδαμίδας δὲ ὁ νεώτερος Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐβασίλευσεν ἄγουσιν εἰρήνην.

The first clause has Ἆγιν as the accusative subject of the infinitive ἀποθανεῖν, with μαχεσάμενον agreeing with it; ἐναντία is an adverbial accusative. In the second clause ἄγουσιν is a circumstantial participle agreeing with the Lacedaemonians, understood as the subject of the finite verb.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 Ἀρχιδάμου	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	10 κατέλαβεν	cc	high
3	Ἀρχιδάμου	Ἀρχίδαμος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 τούτου	nmod	high
4	τούτου	οὗτος	DET	D-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 παῖδα	det	high	Anaphoric demonstrative modifying παῖδα.
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 παῖδα	det	high
6	μὲν	μέν	PART	X	_	8 παῖδα	discourse	high
7	πρεσβύτερον	πρεσβύτερος	ADJ	A-ASM-SUP	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 παῖδα	amod	high	Substantivized adjective.
8	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 κατέλαβεν	obj	high	Object of κατέλαβεν; also accusative subject of the infinitive.
9	Ἆγιν	Ἆγις	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἀποθανεῖν	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive; appositional to παῖδα.
10	κατέλαβεν	καταλαμβάνω	VERB	V-3AAI-S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	ἀποθανεῖν	ἀποθνῄσκω	VERB	V-2AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	10 κατέλαβεν	xcomp	high
12	Μακεδόσιν	Μακεδών	PROPN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 μαχεσάμενον	obl	high	Dative with μαχέομαι, denoting the opponents.
13	ἐναντία	ἐναντίος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 μαχεσάμενον	advmod	medium	Adverbial accusative, 'against'; formally neuter plural.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	15 Ἀντιπάτρῳ	cc	high
15	Ἀντιπάτρῳ	Ἀντίπατρος	PROPN	N-DMS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 Μακεδόσιν	conj	high	Second opponent coordinated with Μακεδόσιν.
16	μαχεσάμενον	μάχομαι	VERB	V-AMS-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	11 ἀποθανεῖν	advcl	high	Agrees with the accusative subject Ἆγιν.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 κατέλαβεν	punct	high
18	Εὐδαμίδας	Εὐδαμίδας	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 ἐβασίλευσεν	nsubj	high
19	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	23 ἐβασίλευσεν	cc	high
20	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 νεώτερος	det	high
21	νεώτερος	νέος	ADJ	A-NSM-CMP	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 Εὐδαμίδας	appos	high	Substantivized/comparative apposition: the younger one.
22	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	23 ἐβασίλευσεν	obl	high	Dative of the people ruled.
23	ἐβασίλευσεν	βασιλεύω	VERB	V-AAI-S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	10 κατέλαβεν	conj	high	Second coordinated finite predicate.
24	ἄγουσιν	ἄγω	VERB	V-PAP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	25 εἰρήνην	acl	medium	Dative participle agreeing with Λακεδαιμονίοις; idiomatically 'while maintaining peace'.
25	εἰρήνην	εἰρήνη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 ἄγουσιν	obj	high
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	10 κατέλαβεν	punct	high

Sentence 4

3.10.5 sentence 4

Tokens: 24
Input: 785
Output: 1,809
Total: 2,594

τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἆγιν τὸν Εὐδαμίδου καὶ ἐς Εὐρυδαμίδαν τὸν Ἄγιδος ὡς ἔσχεν, ἤδη μοι καὶ τάδε ἡ Σικυωνία συγ γραφὴ διεξῄει.

The topic τὰ ... ἔσχεν is an accusative neuter plural substantivized phrase, resumed by τάδε; ὡς ἔσχεν is a temporal/manner subordinate clause. συγγραφή is split orthographically as συγ + γραφή in the supplied tokenization; the two tokens jointly form the noun and are attached as a flat sequence to the finite verb.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	23 διεξῄει	obj	high	Substantivized accusative neuter plural article/pronominal topic.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-	_	1 τὰ	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-	_	4 Ἆγιν	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
4	Ἆγιν	Ἆγις	PROPN	Ne-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἔσχεν	obl	high	First proper-name object/topic under ἐς.
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 Εὐδαμίδου	det	high	Article with Εὐδαμίδου.
6	Εὐδαμίδου	Εὐδαμίδης	PROPN	Ne-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Ἆγιν	appos	medium	Patronymic/genitive name; τὸν Εὐδαμίδου identifies Agis as the son/descendant of Eudamidas.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-	_	4 Ἆγιν	cc	high	Coordinates the two ἐς phrases.
8	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-	_	9 Εὐρυδαμίδαν	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
9	Εὐρυδαμίδαν	Εὐρυδαμίδας	PROPN	Ne-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἔσχεν	obl	high	Second proper-name object/topic under ἐς.
10	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 Ἄγιδος	det	high	Article with Ἄγιδος.
11	Ἄγιδος	Ἆγις	PROPN	Ne-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 Εὐρυδαμίδαν	appos	medium	Patronymic/genitive name; τὸν Ἄγιδος identifies Eurydamidas.
12	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C-	_	13 ἔσχεν	mark	medium	Subordinator introducing a temporal/manner clause.
13	ἔσχεν	ἔχω	VERB	V-2AAI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	23 διεξῄει	advcl	high	Finite verb of the ὡς clause; subject is implicit/contextual.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἔσχεν	punct	high
15	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	D-	_	23 διεξῄει	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
16	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	Pp1-sd-	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	23 διεξῄει	iobj	high	Dative of reference: ‘for me’.
17	καὶ	καί	PART	D-	_	18 τάδε	advmod	medium	Scalar/additive particle modifying τάδε.
18	τάδε	ὅδε	PRON	Pd-apn	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	23 διεξῄει	obj	high	Demonstrative accusative neuter plural, resumptive object/topic.
19	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-nsn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 γραφὴ	det	high	Article with συγγραφή.
20	Σικυωνία	Σικυώνιος	ADJ	A-NSF	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 γραφὴ	amod	high	Feminine adjective modifying συγγραφή.
21	συγ	σύν	X	_	_	22 γραφὴ	compound	low	Supplied split token; orthographic first part of συγγραφή, not an independent syntactic word.
22	γραφὴ	συγγραφή	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 διεξῄει	nsubj	medium	Second part of split συγγραφή; treated as the syntactic noun head.
23	διεξῄει	διέξειμι	VERB	V- ImpfAI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Finite main predicate; spelling/form analysis is somewhat uncertain, but context requires imperfect active 3sg ‘was going through/recounting’.
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	23 διεξῄει	punct	high

← 3.10.4 3.10.6 →