Grammar parses for passage 3.11.2
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμονίων τοῖς Σπάρτην ἔχουσίν ἐστιν ἀγορὰ θέας ἀξία, καὶ τῆς τε γερουσίας βουλευτήριον καὶ τῶν ἐφόρων καὶ νομοφυλάκων καὶ καλουμένων Βιδιαίων ἀρχεῖά ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς.
The sentence has two coordinated copular clauses; the first includes an attributive participial genitive phrase with Σπάρτην as the object of ἔχουσιν, and the second coordinates several genitive phrases under the nominal predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N------PG- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 6 ἀγορὰ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἀγορὰ, likely possessive/ethnic. |
| 2 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἔχουσίν | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 3 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἔχουσίν | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσίν. |
| 4 | ἔχουσίν | ἔχω | VERB | V--PAP-DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Λακεδαιμονίων | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying Λακεδαιμονίων. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First copular clause root. |
| 6 | ἀγορὰ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject/predicate noun with ἐστιν. |
| 7 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀξία | nmod | high | Genitive of value or respect. |
| 8 | ἀξία | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀγορὰ | amod | high | Predicative/adnominal adjective agreeing with ἀγορὰ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 ἐστιν | cc | high | Links second coordinated clause to first. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γερουσίας | det | high | Article with γερουσίας. |
| 12 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 11 τῆς | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective particle; attached to nearest article/noun phrase. |
| 13 | γερουσίας | γερουσία | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 βουλευτήριον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βουλευτήριον. |
| 14 | βουλευτήριον | βουλευτήριον | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Predicate noun in coordinated clause; likely subject of ἐστιν. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates nominal subjects/phrases. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐφόρων | det | high | Article with ἐφόρων. |
| 17 | ἐφόρων | ἔφορος | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 βουλευτήριον | nmod | medium | Parallel genitive phrase dependent on the named building/office. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 νομοφυλάκων | cc | high | Coordinates genitives. |
| 19 | νομοφυλάκων | νομοφύλαξ | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐφόρων | conj | high | Conjunct with ἐφόρων. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 καλουμένων | cc | high | Coordinates participial modifier. |
| 21 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V--PPP-GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 23 ἀρχεῖά | acl | high | Participle modifying Βιδιαίων. |
| 22 | Βιδιαίων | Βίδιαιος | PROPN | A-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἀρχεῖά | nmod | medium | Likely a proper-name ethnic/nominal modifier of ἀρχεῖά. |
| 23 | ἀρχεῖά | ἀρχεῖον | NOUN | N-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Plural subject of ἐστιν in second clause. |
| 24 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second copular clause root. |
| 25 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 27 ἀγορᾶς | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀγορᾶς | det | high | Article with ἀγορᾶς. |
| 27 | ἀγορᾶς | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐστιν | obl | high | Oblique complement of ἐπὶ. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἡ μὲν δὴ γερουσία συνέδριον Λακεδαιμονίοις κυριώτατον τῆς πολιτείας, οἱ λοιποὶ δέ εἰσιν ἄρχοντες.
The first clause is elliptical/copular, with γερουσία as subject and a predicate/appositional noun phrase συνέδριον Λακεδαιμονίοις κυριώτατον τῆς πολιτείας; the second clause is straightforward copular with predicate ἄρχοντες.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 γερουσία | det | high | Article modifying γερουσία. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 γερουσία | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 4 γερουσία | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | γερουσία | γερουσία | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσιν. |
| 5 | συνέδριον | συνέδριον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 γερουσία | appos | medium | Appositional predicate noun; could also be small-clause nominal complement. |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 συνέδριον | amod | high | Dative adjective used substantively/attributively with συνέδριον. |
| 7 | κυριώτατον | κύριος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 συνέδριον | amod | medium | Likely agreeing with συνέδριον as predicate/appositive modifier. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 πολιτείας | det | high | Article modifying πολιτείας. |
| 9 | πολιτείας | πολιτεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κυριώτατον | nmod | high | Genitive complement dependent on κυριώτατον. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γερουσία | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 λοιποὶ | det | high | Article modifying λοιποὶ. |
| 12 | λοιποὶ | λοιπός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἄρχοντες | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσιν. |
| 13 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 εἰσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 14 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 15 | ἄρχοντες | ἄρχων | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εἰσιν | pred | high | Predicate noun with εἰσιν. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἰσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τοῖς δὲ ἐφόροις καὶ Βιδιαίοις πέντε ἀριθμὸν ἑκατέροις οὖσι, τοῖς μὲν τοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ Πλατανιστᾷ καλουμένῳ καὶ ἄλλους τῶν ἐφήβων ἀγῶνας τιθέναι καθέστηκεν, ἔφοροι δὲ τά τε ἄλλα διοικοῦσι τὰ σπουδῆς μάλιστα ἄξια καὶ παρέχονται τὸν ἐπώνυμον, καθὰ δὴ καὶ Ἀθηναίοις τῶν καλουμένων ἐννέα ἐπώνυμός ἐστιν εἷς ἄρχων.
The syntax is highly appositional and somewhat elliptical, especially the opening dative phrase with participle οὖσι and the infinitival clause governed by καθέστηκεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἐφόροις | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 24 καθέστηκεν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἐφόροις | ἔφορος | NOUN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 καθέστηκεν | obl | medium | Likely dative argument of καθέστηκεν with τοῖς ἐφόροις ... οὖσι. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 ἐφόροις | cc | high | |
| 5 | Βιδιαίοις | Βιδιαῖος | PROPN | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐφόροις | conj | medium | Treat as proper-name adjective/substantivized ethnic. |
| 6 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | m-------- | NumType=Card | 7 ἀριθμὸν | nummod | high | |
| 7 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 οὖσι | obl | medium | Accusative of respect with οὖσι. |
| 8 | ἑκατέροις | ἑκάτερος | DET | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 9 οὖσι | det | high | |
| 9 | οὖσι | εἰμί | AUX | v-pppamd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἐφόροις | amod | medium | Predicative participle modifying the dative group. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 καθέστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 τιθέναι | obj | medium | Likely article with infinitival object phrase. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 11 τοῖς | discourse | high | |
| 13 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 22 ἀγῶνας | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | d-------- | _ | 16 Πλατανιστᾷ | case | high | |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Πλατανιστᾷ | det | high | |
| 16 | Πλατανιστᾷ | Πλατανιστάς | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καλουμένῳ | obl | high | |
| 17 | καλουμένῳ | καλέω | VERB | v-sppmmd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 22 ἀγῶνας | acl | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 19 ἄλλους | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἀγῶνας | amod | high | |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 ἐφήβων | det | high | |
| 21 | ἐφήβων | ἔφηβος | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἀγῶνας | nmod | high | |
| 22 | ἀγῶνας | ἀγών | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 τιθέναι | obj | high | |
| 23 | τιθέναι | τίθημι | VERB | v--pna--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 καθέστηκεν | csubj | medium | Infinitival subject/content clause of καθέστηκεν. |
| 24 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | v3sria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 καθέστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 26 | ἔφοροι | ἔφορος | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 διοικοῦσι | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 31 διοικοῦσι | discourse | high | |
| 28 | τά | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 29 | τε | τε | PART | g-------- | _ | 30 ἄλλα | discourse | high | |
| 30 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 διοικοῦσι | obj | high | |
| 31 | διοικοῦσι | διοικέω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 24 καθέστηκεν | conj | high | Second coordinated main predicate. |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 35 ἄξια | det | high | |
| 33 | σπουδῆς | σπουδή | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ἄξια | nmod | high | |
| 34 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | d-------- | _ | 35 ἄξια | advmod | high | |
| 35 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 διοικοῦσι | obj | high | Predicate adjective modified by genitive σπουδῆς. |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 37 παρέχονται | cc | high | |
| 37 | παρέχονται | παρέχω | VERB | v3ppmi--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 31 διοικοῦσι | conj | high | |
| 38 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 39 ἐπώνυμον | det | high | |
| 39 | ἐπώνυμον | ἐπώνυμος | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 παρέχονται | obj | high | |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 37 παρέχονται | punct | high | |
| 41 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 49 ἐστιν | mark | high | |
| 42 | δὴ | δή | PART | g-------- | _ | 41 καθὰ | discourse | high | |
| 43 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 44 Ἀθηναίοις | cc | high | |
| 44 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 ἐστιν | obl | high | |
| 45 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 46 καλουμένων | det | high | |
| 46 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | v-pppmg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 47 ἐννέα | acl | high | |
| 47 | ἐννέα | ἐννέα | NUM | m-------- | NumType=Card | 51 ἄρχων | nummod | high | |
| 48 | ἐπώνυμός | ἐπώνυμος | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 51 ἄρχων | amod | high | |
| 49 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 50 | εἷς | εἷς | NUM | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 51 ἄρχων | nummod | high | |
| 51 | ἄρχων | ἄρχων | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 49 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 49 ἐστιν | punct | high |