Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 3.11.4

Sentence 1

3.11.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 44
Input: 1,023
Output: 3,252
Total: 4,275

ναοὶ δέ εἰσιν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς Καίσαρος, ὃς μοναρχίας πρῶτος ἐν Ῥωμαίοις ἐπεθύμησεν καὶ ἀρχὴν τὴν καθεστηκυῖαν πρῶτος ἐκτήσατο, ὁ δὲ Αὐγούστῳ πεποίηται παιδὶ ἐκείνου τήν τε βασιλείαν βεβαιωσαμένῳ μᾶλλον καὶ ἀξιώματος καὶ δυνάμεως ἐς πλέον ἢ ὁ πατήρ οἱ προελθόντι·

The sentence has a main clause with two relative clauses about Caesar and Augustus, and a later comparative participial phrase whose internal dative relations are somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ναοὶ	ναός	NOUN	N--MPN---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 εἰσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of εἰσιν.
2	δέ	δέ	PART	_	_	3 εἰσιν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	εἰσιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-3PPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main copular predicate.
4	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	3 εἰσιν	case	high	Introduces locative phrase.
5	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T- --FSG--	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 ἀγορᾶς	det	high	Article modifying ἀγορᾶς.
6	ἀγορᾶς	ἀγορά	NOUN	N--FSG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 εἰσιν	obl	high	Object of ἐπί.
7	Καίσαρος	Καῖσαρ	PROPN	N-SM?????	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀγορᾶς	nmod	medium	Possessive/genitival modifier of ἀγορᾶς.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	3 εἰσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
9	ὃς	ὅς	PRON	P-NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	14 ἐπεθύμησεν	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun, subject of ἐπεθύμησεν.
10	μοναρχίας	μοναρχία	NOUN	N--FSG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐπεθύμησεν	obj	medium	Likely genitive of the object with ἐπιθυμέω; could be construed as object genitive.
11	πρῶτος	πρῶτος	ADJ	A-NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἐπεθύμησεν	advmod	medium	Adverbial use: 'first'.
12	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	14 ἐπεθύμησεν	case	high	Preposition.
13	Ῥωμαίοις	Ῥωμαῖος	PROPN	A--DPM---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἐπεθύμησεν	obl	high	Prepositional complement of ἐν.
14	ἐπεθύμησεν	ἐπιθυμέω	VERB	V-3SAAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	9 ὃς	acl:relcl	high	Verb of the relative clause.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	20 ἐκτήσατο	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
16	ἀρχὴν	ἀρχή	NOUN	N--FSG---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἐκτήσατο	obj	high	Direct object of ἐκτήσατο.
17	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T- --FSG--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 καθεστηκυῖαν	det	high	Article modifying καθεστηκυῖαν.
18	καθεστηκυῖαν	καθίστημι	VERB	V-RPAAFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	16 ἀρχὴν	amod	high	Participle used adjectivally modifying ἀρχὴν.
19	πρῶτος	πρῶτος	ADJ	A-NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐκτήσατο	advmod	medium	Adverbial use: 'first'.
20	ἐκτήσατο	κτάομαι	VERB	V-3SAMI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	9 ὃς	acl:relcl	high	Second verb in the relative clause.
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐκτήσατο	punct	high	Punctuation.
22	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	25 πεποίηται	nsubj:pass	medium	Article functioning as substantivizer with passive perfect.
23	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	25 πεποίηται	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
24	Αὐγούστῳ	Αὔγουστος	PROPN	N-SMD---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 πεποίηται	obl	medium	Dative of agent/association with πεποίηται.
25	πεποίηται	ποιέω	VERB	V-3SRPI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main clause verb; likely passive/deponent sense 'has been made'.
26	παιδὶ	παῖς	NOUN	N--DSM---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 πεποίηται	obl	high	Predicative/relational dative with πεποίηται.
27	ἐκείνου	ἐκεῖνος	DET	A--GSM---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	26 παιδὶ	det	high	Possessive/determiner modifying παιδὶ.
28	τήν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 βασιλείαν	det	high	Article modifying βασιλείαν.
29	τε	τε	PART	_	_	30 βασιλείαν	cc	high	Enclitic coordinating particle.
30	βασιλείαν	βασιλεία	NOUN	N--FSG---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	obj	high	Object of βεβαιωσαμένῳ.
31	βεβαιωσαμένῳ	βεβαιόω	VERB	V-AMPDMS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	25 πεποίηται	obl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying παιδὶ.
32	μᾶλλον	μᾶλλον	ADV	D--------	_	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	advmod	high	Modifies participle phrase.
33	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	34 ἀξιώματος	cc	high	Coordinates ἀξιώματος and δυνάμεως.
34	ἀξιώματος	ἀξίωμα	NOUN	N--NSG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	obl	medium	Genitive of respect/measure with the participial phrase.
35	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	36 δυνάμεως	cc	high	Coordinates ἀξιώματος and δυνάμεως.
36	δυνάμεως	δύναμις	NOUN	N--FSG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	obl	medium	Genitive of respect/measure with the participial phrase.
37	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	38 πλέον	case	high	Preposition.
38	πλέον	πλείων	ADJ	A-SNA---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	obl	high	Adverbial comparative phrase with ἐς.
39	ἢ	ἤ	SCONJ	C--------	_	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	mark	high	Introduces comparison.
40	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	41 πατήρ	det	high	Article modifying πατήρ.
41	πατήρ	πατήρ	NOUN	N--NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	43 προελθόντι	nsubj	high	Subject of προελθόντι in comparative clause.
42	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	43 προελθόντι	iobj	medium	Dative with προέρχομαι; likely 'for him/to him'.
43	προελθόντι	προέρχομαι	VERB	V-AAPDMS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	31 βεβαιωσαμένῳ	obl	high	Comparative participle dependent on the preceding comparison.
44	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	25 πεποίηται	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

3.11.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 15
Input: 703
Output: 1,150
Total: 1,853

τὸ δὲ ὄνομα ἦν τούτῳ Αὔγουστος, ὃ κατὰ γλῶσσαν δύναται τὴν Ἑλλήνων σεβαστός.

The clause ὃ κατὰ γλῶσσαν δύναται τὴν Ἑλλήνων σεβαστός is semantically compressed; the relative pronoun likely resumes ὄνομα and the adjective σεβαστός functions predicatively with an implicit 'to be called' sense.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 ὄνομα	det	high	Article modifying ὄνομα.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	4 ἦν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ὄνομα	ὄνομα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ἦν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἦν.
4	ἦν	εἰμί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main copular verb.
5	τούτῳ	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	4 ἦν	iobj	medium	Dative of reference/possession with ἦν.
6	Αὔγουστος	Αὔγουστος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 ὄνομα	appos	high	Appositive/name of the subject 'ὄνομα'.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 Αὔγουστος	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
8	ὃ	ὅς	PRON	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	11 δύναται	obj	high	Relative pronoun referring to the name/term; accusative with κατὰ.
9	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	_	AdpType=Prep	10 γλῶσσαν	case	high	Preposition governing γλῶσσαν.
10	γλῶσσαν	γλῶσσα	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 δύναται	obl	high	Oblique complement with κατά.
11	δύναται	δύναμαι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	14 σεβαστός	advcl	high	Finite subordinate verb modifying σεβαστός.
12	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	13 Ἑλλήνων	det	high	Article modifying Ἑλλήνων.
13	Ἑλλήνων	Ἕλλην	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 σεβαστός	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of σεβαστός; phrase is somewhat elliptical.
14	σεβαστός	σεβαστός	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 δύναται	xcomp	medium	Likely predicative complement in the 'can be translated as' construction.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἦν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Passage 3.11.4