Grammar parses for passage 3.11.8
Open translation for this passage
τέταρτον δὲ ἠγωνίσατο πρὸς τοὺς ἐξ ἰσθμοῦ ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀποστάντας ἀπὸ τῶν εἱλώτων·
The accusative participial phrase τοὺς ... ἀποστάντας is governed by πρὸς and functions as the opponent/group with whom he contended; the movement complements ἐξ ἰσθμοῦ and ἐς Ἰθώμην are attached within that phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέταρτον | τέταρτος | ADJ | A----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἠγωνίσατο | advmod | high | Substantivized ordinal, 'for the fourth time'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἠγωνίσατο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἠγωνίσατο | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle, 'he contended/fought'. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἀποστάντας | case | high | Preposition governing τοὺς ... ἀποστάντας. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀποστάντας | det | high | Article with substantivized participle. |
| 6 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἰσθμοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing ἰσθμοῦ. |
| 7 | ἰσθμοῦ | ἰσθμός | NOUN | N-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποστάντας | nmod | high | Place of origin with ἐξ. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Ἰθώμην | case | high | Preposition governing Ἰθώμην. |
| 9 | Ἰθώμην | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | N-ASF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποστάντας | obl | high | Goal/place associated with the participial group. |
| 10 | ἀποστάντας | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-2AAPAM- | Aspect=Aor|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἠγωνίσατο | obl | high | Aorist active participle, object of πρὸς; ἐξ ἰσθμοῦ and ἐς Ἰθώμην modify its movement. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 εἱλώτων | case | high | Preposition governing τῶν εἱλώτων. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἱλώτων | det | high | Article with εἱλώτων. |
| 13 | εἱλώτων | εἵλωτες | NOUN | N-GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀποστάντας | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό, marking separation from the helots. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἠγωνίσατο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἀπέστησαν δὲ οὐχ ἅπαντες οἱ εἵλωτες, ἀλλὰ τὸ Μεσσηνιακὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχαίων εἱλώτων ἀποσχισθέντες·
The corrective phrase is syntactically elliptical: τὸ Μεσσηνιακόν is a neuter substantivized adjective, while ἀποσχισθέντες is masculine plural, presumably referring to the Messenians/Messenian helots understood.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπέστησαν | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπέστησαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PRT | Polarity=Neg | 1 ἀπέστησαν | advmod | high | Sandhi form before initial vowel. |
| 4 | ἅπαντες | ἅπας | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἵλωτες | det | high | Substantivized adjective modifying οἱ εἵλωτες. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἵλωτες | det | high | |
| 6 | εἵλωτες | εἵλωτης | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀπέστησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀπέστησαν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπέστησαν | cc | high | Introduces the corrective contrast. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 Μεσσηνιακὸν | det | high | |
| 10 | Μεσσηνιακὸν | Μεσσηνιακός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἀποσχισθέντες | nsubj | medium | Substantivized adjective, subject of ἀποσχισθέντες; elliptic collective noun. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 εἱλώτων | case | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εἱλώτων | det | high | |
| 13 | ἀρχαίων | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εἱλώτων | amod | high | |
| 14 | εἱλώτων | εἵλωτης | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀποσχισθέντες | obl | high | Object of separation with ἀπό. |
| 15 | ἀποσχισθέντες | ἀποσχίζω | VERB | V-NPAPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 1 ἀπέστησαν | advcl | medium | Aorist passive participle; masculine plural agreement is syntactically awkward with neuter Μεσσηνιακόν, likely elliptical reference to Μεσσήνιοι/Μεσσήνιοι εἵλωτες. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀπέστησαν | punct | high |
καί μοι καὶ τάδε ὁ λόγος αὐτίκα ἐπέξεισι.
The verb ἐπέξεισι is third-person singular present indicative active, with ὁ λόγος as subject; μοι is a dative experiencer/addressee, and τάδε is an accusative neuter plural object or topic of the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | _ | 8 ἐπέξεισι | cc | high | |
| 2 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | s1dp | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 8 ἐπέξεισι | iobj | high | Dative of personal involvement or address. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | _ | 4 τάδε | cc | high | |
| 4 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | pdna | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 8 ἐπέξεισι | obj | medium | Neuter plural demonstrative; syntactic object/topic of ἐπέξεισι. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | ra | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 λόγος | det | high | |
| 6 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπέξεισι | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | d | _ | 8 ἐπέξεισι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘immediately/now’. |
| 8 | ἐπέξεισι | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | v3spia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπέξεισι | punct | high |
τότε δὲ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τοὺς ἀποστάντας ἀπελθεῖν ὑποσπόνδους εἴασαν Τισαμενῷ καὶ τῷ ἐν Δελφοῖς χρηστηρίῳ πειθόμενοι·
Main verb εἴασαν governs the accusative-plus-infinitive construction τοὺς ἀποστάντας ἀπελθεῖν; ὑποσπόνδους is a predicative accusative complement, while πειθόμενοι is a circumstantial participle agreeing with the Lacedaemonians and taking Τισαμενῷ and τῷ χρηστηρίῳ as dative complements.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D--------- | PronType=Dem | 9 εἴασαν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 9 εἴασαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 4 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 πειθόμενοι | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ἀποστάντας | det | high | |
| 6 | ἀποστάντας | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἀπελθεῖν | nsubj | high | Substantivized aorist participle: those who had revolted/withdrawn. |
| 7 | ἀπελθεῖν | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 εἴασαν | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the accusative-plus-infinitive complement of εἴασαν. |
| 8 | ὑποσπόνδους | ὑπόσπονδος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀπελθεῖν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative adjective with the understood subject of ἀπελθεῖν. |
| 9 | εἴασαν | ἐάω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | Τισαμενῷ | Τισαμενής | PROPN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 πειθόμενοι | obl | medium | Dative complement of πειθόμενοι; proper-name morphology is somewhat irregular in transmitted forms. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 15 χρηστηρίῳ | cc | high | |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 χρηστηρίῳ | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 14 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 14 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 χρηστηρίῳ | nmod | high | Locative dative in the phrase ‘at Delphi’. |
| 15 | χρηστηρίῳ | χρηστήριον | NOUN | N-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 πειθόμενοι | obl | high | Dative complement coordinated with Τισαμενῷ. |
| 16 | πειθόμενοι | πείθω | VERB | V-PPP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 εἴασαν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial passive participle, ‘being persuaded/obeying’; agrees with οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἴασαν | punct | high |
τελευταῖον δὲ ὁ Τισαμενὸς ἐμαντεύσατο ἐν Τανάγρᾳ σφίσι πρὸς Ἀργείους καὶ Ἀθηναίους γινομένης συμβολῆς.
The genitive absolute ἐν Τανάγρᾳ σφίσι πρὸς Ἀργείους καὶ Ἀθηναίους γινομένης συμβολῆς is temporal/circumstantial; σφίσι is the dative plural personal pronoun functioning as the genitive-absolute participant in an irregular or textually compressed construction, hence marked with some uncertainty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τελευταῖον | τελευταῖος | ADV | A-1 | Degree=Pos | 5 ἐμαντεύσατο | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘finally/last’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 ἐμαντεύσατο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S--------NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Τισαμενὸς | det | high | |
| 4 | Τισαμενὸς | Τισαμενός | PROPN | proper name | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐμαντεύσατο | nsubj | high | Personal name. |
| 5 | ἐμαντεύσατο | μαντεύομαι | VERB | V-3AIA-S-- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist middle, ‘consulted an oracle/received an oracle’; morphology conventionally varies in tagging. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 7 Τανάγρᾳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Τανάγρᾳ | Τανάγρα | PROPN | N-FSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γινομένης | obl | high | Locative with ἐν. |
| 8 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DMP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 γινομένης | obl | low | Dative plural pronoun; syntactically associated with the circumstantial clause, though a genitive-absolute participant would normally be genitive. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R--------- | _ | 10 Ἀργείους | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 συμβολῆς | nmod | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective, coordinated object of συμβολή. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 12 Ἀθηναίους | cc | high | |
| 12 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Ἀργείους | conj | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective, coordinated with Ἀργείους. |
| 13 | γινομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMPG-SF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 συμβολῆς | acl | high | Genitive feminine singular participle agreeing with συμβολῆς. |
| 14 | συμβολῆς | συμβολή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐμαντεύσατο | obl | high | Head noun of the circumstantial/genitive-absolute phrase; ‘engagement’. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐμαντεύσατο | punct | high |