Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 3.12.6

← 3.12.53.12.7 →

Passage 3.12.6

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
77Greek tokens
2,504input tokens
5,961output tokens
Sentence 1

3.12.6 sentence 1

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οὐ μακρὰν δὲ Ἀθηνᾶς ἄγαλμα, ὃ τοὺς ἐς Ἰταλίαν τε καὶ Τάραντα ἀποικισθέντας ἀναθεῖναι λέγουσι.

Elliptical construction: ἄγαλμα is the subject of an implied copula with οὐ μακρὰν Ἀθηνᾶς; the relative clause has ὃ as object of ἀναθεῖναι, with λέγουσι governing the infinitive and τοὺς ἀποικισθέντας as its accusative subject. The relative pronoun is neuter singular accusative agreeing with ἄγαλμα.

punct parataxis obj det obl advmod conj cc obl advmod punct case cc cc nsubj xcomp root 1 οὐ οὐ / PART 2 μακρὰν μακράν / ADV 3 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 4 Ἀθηνᾶς Ἀθηνᾶ / PROPN 5 ἄγαλμα ἄγαλμα / NOUN 6 , , / PUNCT 7 ὅς / PRON 8 τοὺς ὁ / DET 9 ἐς εἰς / ADP 10 Ἰταλίαν Ἰταλία / PROPN 11 τε τε / CCONJ 12 καὶ καί / CCONJ 13 Τάραντα Τάρας / PROPN 14 ἀποικισθέντας ἀποικίζω / VERB 15 ἀναθεῖναι ἀνατίθημι / VERB 16 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 17 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1οὐοὐPARTD--------Polarity=Neg2 μακρὰνadvmodhigh
2μακρὰνμακράνADVD--------_5 ἄγαλμαadvmodhighAdverbial accusative form.
3δὲδέCCONJC--------_5 ἄγαλμαcchigh
4ἈθηνᾶςἈθηνᾶPROPNNbsgf--------Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing2 μακρὰνoblmediumGenitive with the adverbial expression μακρὰν Ἀθηνᾶς, ‘far from Athena’.
5ἄγαλμαἄγαλμαNOUNNnsn--------Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing0 ROOTrootmediumPredicate/nominal root in an elliptical locative or existential clause.
6,,PUNCT__5 ἄγαλμαpuncthigh
7ὅςPRONPr-snan--------Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel15 ἀναθεῖναιobjhighRelative pronoun referring to ἄγαλμα.
8τοὺςDETR----apm--------Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art14 ἀποικισθένταςdethigh
9ἐςεἰςADPR--------_10 Ἰταλίανcasehigh
10ἸταλίανἸταλίαPROPNNbsa--------Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 ἀποικισθένταςoblhighFirst coordinated destination.
11τετεCCONJC--------_10 ἸταλίανcchighFirst member of τε καί coordination.
12καὶκαίCCONJC--------_13 ΤάρανταcchighSecond coordinator in τε καί.
13ΤάρανταΤάραςPROPNNbsa--------Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἸταλίανconjmediumTarentum; accusative destination coordinated with Ἰταλίαν.
14ἀποικισθένταςἀποικίζωVERBVpapam--------Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass15 ἀναθεῖναιnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive.
15ἀναθεῖναιἀνατίθημιVERBVna--------Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act16 λέγουσιxcomphighInfinitive governed by λέγουσι.
16λέγουσιλέγωVERBV3ppia--------Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act5 ἄγαλμαparataxismediumFinite reporting verb introducing the infinitival clause; syntactically attached to the nominal clause.
17..PUNCT__5 ἄγαλμαpuncthigh
Sentence 2

3.12.6 sentence 2

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3,368

τὸ δὲ χωρίον, ὃ καλοῦσιν Ἑλλήνιον, ἐστὶν εἰρημένον ὡς οἱ τῶν Ἑλλήνων Ξέρξην διαβαίνοντα ἐς τὴν Εὐρώπην παρεσκευάζοντο ἀμυνούμενοι, κατὰ τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον βουλευσάμενοι τρόπον ὅντινα ἀνθέξουσιν.

Relative ὅ governs the reported construction: εἰρημένον ὡς introduces an indirect statement with οἱ τῶν Ἑλλήνων as subject, Ξέρξην διαβαίνοντα as accusative subject-plus-participial predicate, and παρεσκευάζοντο as the finite verb; ὅντινα modifies τρόπον and is object of ἀνθέξουσιν. The agreement of εἰρημένον with χωρίον is formal but semantically impersonal/passive; ὡς may be construed as content/complementizer.

punct ccomp advcl nsubj nsubj advcl acl:relcl obl case det punct det case det acl:relcl cc punct obj xcomp xcomp ccomp det obj det advcl punct det obl obj obj root 1 τὸ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 χωρίον χωρίον / NOUN 4 , , / PUNCT 5 ὅς / PRON 6 καλοῦσιν καλέω / VERB 7 Ἑλλήνιον Ἑλλήνιον / PROPN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 10 εἰρημένον ἐρῶ / VERB 11 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 12 οἱ ὁ / DET 13 τῶν ὁ / DET 14 Ἑλλήνων Ἕλλην / PROPN 15 Ξέρξην Ξέρξης / PROPN 16 διαβαίνοντα διαβαίνω / VERB 17 ἐς εἰς / ADP 18 τὴν ὁ / DET 19 Εὐρώπην Εὐρώπη / PROPN 20 παρεσκευάζοντο παρασκευάζω / VERB 21 ἀμυνούμενοι ἀμύνω / VERB 22 , , / PUNCT 23 κατὰ κατά / ADP 24 τοῦτο οὗτος / DET 25 τὸ ὁ / DET 26 χωρίον χωρίον / NOUN 27 βουλευσάμενοι βουλεύω / VERB 28 τρόπον τρόπος / NOUN 29 ὅντινα ὅστις / PRON 30 ἀνθέξουσιν ἀντέχω / VERB 31 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὸDETT----NSN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 χωρίονdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_3 χωρίονcchighPostpositive connective.
3χωρίονχωρίονNOUNN----NSN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing9 ἐστὶνnsubjhigh
4,,PUNCT__3 χωρίονpuncthigh
5ὅςPRONP-S---SAN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel6 καλοῦσινobjhighRelative object of καλοῦσιν; antecedent χωρίον.
6καλοῦσινκαλέωVERBV-PAI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act3 χωρίονacl:relclhigh
7ἙλλήνιονἙλλήνιονPROPNN----ASN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 καλοῦσινxcompmediumPredicate accusative/name assigned by καλοῦσιν.
8,,PUNCT__6 καλοῦσινpuncthigh
9ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular/auxiliary-like finite predicate.
10εἰρημένονἐρῶVERBV-RPP-N-SN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass9 ἐστὶνxcompmediumPerfect passive participle of εἴρω/ἐρῶ, ‘said/stated’; lemma and exact lexical analysis are somewhat variable in corpora.
11ὡςὡςSCONJC--------_10 εἰρημένονccompmediumIntroduces the content of what is stated.
12οἱDETT----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art14 ἙλλήνωνdethighArticle substantivally marks the ethnic group with the genitive complement.
13τῶνDETT----GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art14 Ἑλλήνωνdethigh
14ἙλλήνωνἝλληνPROPNN---GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur20 παρεσκευάζοντοnsubjmediumGenitive ethnic noun with substantivized οἱ; treated as the subject of παρεσκευάζοντο.
15ΞέρξηνΞέρξηςPROPNN--ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 διαβαίνονταobjhighAccusative subject of the participial clause.
16διαβαίνονταδιαβαίνωVERBV-PAP-ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act20 παρεσκευάζοντοadvclhighAccusative participle agreeing with Ξέρξην.
17ἐςεἰςADPR--------_19 Εὐρώπηνcasehigh
18τὴνDETT----ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art19 Εὐρώπηνdethigh
19ΕὐρώπηνΕὐρώπηPROPNN--ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 διαβαίνονταoblhighGoal/complement of διαβαίνοντα.
20παρεσκευάζοντοπαρασκευάζωVERBV-IMI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid11 ὡςccomphighFinite verb in the ὡς-content clause.
21ἀμυνούμενοιἀμύνωVERBV-PMP-NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid20 παρεσκευάζοντοadvclhighCircumstantial/purpose-like middle participle, agreeing with the Greek subject.
22,,PUNCT__21 ἀμυνούμενοιpuncthigh
23κατὰκατάADPR--------_26 χωρίονcasehighWith accusative χωρίον, ‘according to/in relation to this place’.
24τοῦτοοὗτοςDETP---ASN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem26 χωρίονdethigh
25τὸDETT----ASN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art26 χωρίονdethigh
26χωρίονχωρίονNOUNN----ASN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing27 βουλευσάμενοιoblhigh
27βουλευσάμενοιβουλεύωVERBV-AMP-NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid20 παρεσκευάζοντοadvclhighAorist middle participle, anterior to or accompanying preparation.
28τρόποντρόποςNOUNN--ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 βουλευσάμενοιobjhighObject of βουλευσάμενοι, with following relative specification.
29ὅντιναὅστιςPRONP-S---ASM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel30 ἀνθέξουσινobjhighRelative determiner/pronoun modifying τρόπον.
30ἀνθέξουσινἀντέχωVERBV-FAI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act28 τρόπονacl:relclhighRelative clause: ‘which they will withstand/hold out against’; future indicative.
31..PUNCT__9 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
Sentence 3

3.12.6 sentence 3

Tokens
29
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Output
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ὁ δὲ ἕτερος τῶν λόγων τοὺς Μενελάου χάριτι στρατεύσαντας ἐπὶ Ἴλιον βουλεύσασθαί φησιν ἐνταῦθα ὅπως ἀναπλεῦσαί τε ἐς Τροίαν καὶ δίκας δυνήσονται παρὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου λαβεῖν τῆς Ἑλένης ἁρπαγῆς.

The subject of φησιν is ὁ ἕτερος τῶν λόγων; its accusative complement τοὺς ... στρατεύσαντας is the understood subject of the infinitive βουλεύσασθαι, with ὅπως introducing the purpose/content clause. The infinitives ἀναπλεῦσαι and λαβεῖν are coordinated under the modal future δυνήσονται.

punct cc nsubj conj nmod xcomp obj det nsubj obl aux det nmod obl advmod det nmod obl case ccomp mark cc case cc case obl det nmod root 1 ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἕτερος ἕτερος / PRON 4 τῶν ὁ / DET 5 λόγων λόγος / NOUN 6 τοὺς ὁ / DET 7 Μενελάου Μενέλαος / PROPN 8 χάριτι χάρις / NOUN 9 στρατεύσαντας στρατεύω / VERB 10 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 11 Ἴλιον Ἴλιον / PROPN 12 βουλεύσασθαί βουλεύω / VERB 13 φησιν φημί / VERB 14 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 15 ὅπως ὅπως / SCONJ 16 ἀναπλεῦσαί ἀναπλέω / VERB 17 τε τε / CCONJ 18 ἐς εἰς / ADP 19 Τροίαν Τροία / PROPN 20 καὶ καί / CCONJ 21 δίκας δίκη / NOUN 22 δυνήσονται δύναμαι / VERB 23 παρὰ παρά / ADP 24 Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἀλέξανδρος / PROPN 25 λαβεῖν λαμβάνω / VERB 26 τῆς ὁ / DET 27 Ἑλένης Ἑλένη / PROPN 28 ἁρπαγῆς ἁρπαγή / NOUN 29 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1DETT------NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ἕτεροςdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_13 φησινcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἕτεροςἕτεροςPRONA----NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind13 φησινnsubjhighSubstantivized adjective, 'the other'.
4τῶνDETT-----GP-Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Art5 λόγωνdethigh
5λόγωνλόγοςNOUNN-----GP-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 ἕτεροςnmodmediumGenitive dependent on substantivized ἕτερος.
6τοὺςDETT-----APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art9 στρατεύσανταςdethigh
7ΜενελάουΜενέλαοςPROPNNe-----GS-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing8 χάριτιnmodhigh
8χάριτιχάριςNOUNN-----DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 στρατεύσανταςoblmediumDative of cause/consideration, 'for Menelaus’s sake'.
9στρατεύσανταςστρατεύωVERBV-AAP-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act12 βουλεύσασθαίnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive βουλεύσασθαι.
10ἐπὶἐπίADPR--------_11 Ἴλιονcasehigh
11ἼλιονἼλιονPROPNNe-----AS-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing9 στρατεύσανταςoblhighGoal with ἐπί.
12βουλεύσασθαίβουλεύωVERBV-AMP----Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid13 φησινccomphighInfinitival complement of φησιν.
13φησινφημίVERBV-PIA-3S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
14ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVD--------PronType=Dem12 βουλεύσασθαίadvmodhighLocative adverb.
15ὅπωςὅπωςSCONJC--------_16 ἀναπλεῦσαίmarkhighIntroduces purpose/content clause.
16ἀναπλεῦσαίἀναπλέωVERBV-AAN----Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act12 βουλεύσασθαίxcompmediumPurpose/content infinitive under βουλεύσασθαι; coordinated with λαβεῖν.
17τετεCCONJC--------_16 ἀναπλεῦσαίcchigh
18ἐςεἰςADPR--------_19 Τροίανcasehigh
19ΤροίανΤροίαPROPNN-----ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 ἀναπλεῦσαίoblhighGoal of ἀναπλεῦσαι.
20καὶκαίCCONJC--------_21 δίκαςcchigh
21δίκαςδίκηNOUNN-----APF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur25 λαβεῖνobjhigh
22δυνήσονταιδύναμαιVERBV-FMI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid25 λαβεῖνauxmediumFuture modal verb governing λαβεῖν; finite plural agrees with the implicit accusative subject.
23παρὰπαράADPR--------_24 Ἀλεξάνδρουcasehigh
24ἈλεξάνδρουἈλέξανδροςPROPNN-----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing25 λαβεῖνoblhighSource with παρά.
25λαβεῖνλαμβάνωVERBV-AAN----Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act16 ἀναπλεῦσαίconjhighCoordinated infinitive, with δίκας as object and τῆς Ἑλένης ἁρπαγῆς as genitive of charge/subject matter.
26τῆςDETT-----GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art27 Ἑλένηςdethigh
27ἙλένηςἙλένηPROPNN-----GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing28 ἁρπαγῆςnmodhigh
28ἁρπαγῆςἁρπαγήNOUNN-----GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 δίκαςnmodhighGenitive specifying the charge/matter of the δίκαι.
29..PUNCT__13 φησινpuncthigh
← 3.12.53.12.7 →